Page 226 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

smStI ArQSwsqr dy isDWq

È؇ qW sPIiq dI ikMnI dr sihx kIqI jw skdI hY[ ies mqlb dy
leI, iPilps vkr dI shI siQqI jwnxw jrUrI hY[ ijvyN ik
icq`r 23.4 ivc idKwieAw igAw hY, jykr vkr PC hY ijQy
1
ibMdU E qy imhnq dI aqpwdkqw Aqy mjdUrI dr brwbr hY, qW
pUrx rojgwr Aqy kImq siQrqw sMBv hovygI[ iPr ibMdu dy K`by
pwsy iek vkr (icqr ivc nhI idKwieAw igAw hY) ieh ds`dw
hY ik pUrx rojgwr Aqy kImq siQrqw sMgq nIiq ¿πÁ∂Ùy hn[
iesdw mqlb hY ik sPIiq dy Q`ly pDr nMU byrojgwrI dy Q`ly pDr
qoN ivinmX (trade-off) kIqw jw skdw hY[dujy pwsy, jykr vkr
PC hY ijvyN icqr ivc idKwieAw igAw hY jo ieh ds`dw hY ik
AiDkwrIAW nUM kImq siQrqw Aqy v`D byrojgwrI ivcoN iksy iek
nMU cunxw hovygw[ ies qrW, iPiLps vkr dI siQqI nUM dyKky icqr 23.4
AiDkwrI ieh PYNslw kr skdy hn ik iks qrW dI modirk Aqy
rwjkoSIXw nIiqAW ApnwieAW jwx[adwhrx dy leI, jykr AiDkwrI ieh dyKx ik icqr 23.4 dI sPIiq
dr P byrojgwrI dI U dr nwl myl nhIN KWdI, qW auh ieho ijhI modirk Aqy rwjkoSIX nIiqAW Apnwauxgy
2
1
jo iPilps vkr PC nUM K`by pwsy iKskw ky PC vkr dI siQqI qy ilAw dyx[ ies nwl byrojgwrI dy ausI U
1 1
pDr Aqy ApySwkrq nINvI sPIiq dr P dy ivc SRyST ivinmX aplb`D hovygw[
1
byrojgwrI dI kudrqI dr dI ivAwiKAw krdy hoey PRIfmYn ny lkS kIqw sI ik swvrjink nIiq dy byrojgwrI dy
pDr nUM pRBwivq krx dI guMjwieS iPilps vkr dy AnurUp rihMdy hoey kyvl AlpkwlIn ivc hY[ ausny AnulMb
iPilps vkr dy kwrx ies sMBwvnw nUM AsvIkwr kr idq`W ik byrojgwrI dI lMby smy dI dr pRBwivq ho skdI
hY[ pr ArQSwsqrI PRIfmYn qo sihmq nhIN hn[auhnW dw m`q hY ik imhnq bwjwr nIiqAW dy mwiDAm qo
byrojgwrI dI kudrqI dr G`tweI jw skdI hY ijsdy pirxwm srUp imhnq bwjwr v`D dkS bxwieAw jw skdw
hY[ AMq lMby smyN dy AnulMb iPilps vkr nUM K`by pwsy iKskwky byrojgwrI dI kudrqI dr G`tweI jw skdI hY[
pr iPilps vkr dy nIiq ivSXk inihq q`q auny srl nhIN hn ijnyN auh pRqIq huMdy hn[ jdoN AiDkwrI ieho
ijhI sPIiq dI dr dy sMbMD ivc PYNslw krx lgdy hn jo byrojgwrI dI iviSSt dr nwl myl KWdI hovy, qW auhnW
nUM keI pRiqbMDW dw swmxw krnw pYNdw hY[ ies qrW sPIiq Aqy byrojgwrI ivc ivinmX dI s`misAw pRiqbMDW
dy AMqrgq cunwv krx dI s`misAw hY[ ies nUM icqr 23.5 ivc idKwieAw igAw hY[ pRiqbMD hY idq`w hoieAw
iPiLps vkr PC Aqy adwsInqw vkr I , I , I , I , I , I , I’, I’ jo AiDkwrIAW dy byrojgwrI Aqy sPIiq dy ivc
1 1 2 2 3 3
cunwv nUM pRkt krdy hn[ adwsInqw vkr mUl ibMdu
dy nqodr (concave) huMdy hn ikauNik jykr AiDkwrI
byrojgwrI nUM Gtwxw cwhuMdy hn qW auhnW nUM sPIiq
vDwxI hovygI Aqy jykr byrojgwrI nUM v`Dwauxw cwhuMdy
hn qW sPIiq G~twauxI hovygI[ ies leI ieh vkr
irnwqmk apXoigqw nUM ivAkq krdy hn[ pr I I
1 1
vkr dI ApySw I I vkr swvrjink kilAwx dy
1 2
v`D aucy kilAwx-p`Dr nUM ivAkq krdw hY[ iesdw
kwrx ieh hY aucy vkr dI ApySw incly vkr qy
koeI vI ibMdu byrojgwrI Aqy sPIiq dI inclI dr nUM
ivAkq krdw hY[ ieStqm ivinXm ibMdu E hY ij`Qy
adwsInqw vkr I I iPilps vkr PC nUM sprS
2 2
krdw hY ij`Qy sPIiq dI OA dr Aqy byrojgwrI dI
OB dr ivc ivinXm hY[ pr jykr AiDkwrI ieho
ijhI modirk Aqy rwjkoSIX nIiqAW Apnwx ijnW
qoN auh sPIiq nUM G`twauxw Aqy byrojgwrI nUM v`Dwauxw
icqr 23.5

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