Page 278 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_PUNJABI

smStI ArQSwsqr dy isDWq

È؇ v`Ddw hY jyVw ieh ivKwaudW hY ik ArQ ivvsQw ƒ bwhrI sMquln iv`c rKx dy leI AvmulXn ƒ Grylu Krc
iv`c viriD rwhI jrUr sMquiql hoxw cwihdw hY[ (AvmulXn inrXwq ƒ pRoqswihq kr Aqy AwXwq ƒ hqoqswihq
kr dyS dy vpwr sMquln ƒ su`Dwrygw Aqy vwsqivk GrylU Krc iv`c viriD prXwpq mwqrw iv`c dyS dy AwXwq
ƒ v`DwvygI) spStq XX vkr dy au`cy dw ih`sw bcq nwl sMbiDq hY Aqy vkr dw Q`ly dw ih`sw Bugqwn sMquln
iv`c G`wty ƒ ivKwaudW hY[
auh ibMdU ijQy FF vkr XX vkr ƒ k`tdw hY, AwnMd (bliss) ibMdu ƒ pyS krdw hY, ijQy ArQ ivvsQw AWqirk
Aqy bwhrI SMquln dy nwl nwl huMdI hY[ icqr 29.1 iv`c E ieho ijgw hI ibMdu hY, ijQy ivinmX dr Aqy
vwsqivk Grylu Krc sMquln iv`c huMdy hn[ jykr ArQ-ivvsQw E ibMdu qy nhI huMdI hY qW auh AsMquln iv`c
huMdI hY[svwn dy muqwbk, “AWqirk sMquln Aqy bwhrI sMquln dy dovy vwkr siQiq ƒ AwriQk dUrBwigX dy
cwr KyqrW iv`c v`fdI hY[” AsMquln dy cwr Kyqr hn –
Kyqr I : sPIiq Aqy Bugqwn sMquln AwiDkX
Kyqr II : byrojgwrI Aqy Bugqwn sMquln AwiDkX
Kyqr III : byrojgwrI Aqy Bugqwn sMquln Gw`tw
Kyqr IV : sPIiq Aqyy Bugqwn sMquln Gw`tw

‡≈√’ AWqirk Aqy bwhrI sMquln dI nIiqAW dy bwry iv`c Apxy ivcwr pyS kro[

nIqI apwey (Policy Measures)
nIqI aupwey dy pRkwr dI ivAwiKAW dy leI, jyVy AWqirk Aqy bwhrI sMquln nwl nwl pRwpq krx dy leI jyVI
jrUrq hY, ausƒ AsI icqr 29.2 iv`c AsMquln dI AwT sMBwivq siQiqAW ƒ lYdy hn[ ien siQiQAW dy leI
nIqI apwey dy iBn sMXog jrUrI huMdy hn[
koeI dyS Bugqwn sMquln Aqy byrojgwrI (jW susqI) iv`c vkr XX dy ibMdu A qy sMquln iv`c huMdw hY[ ieho ijhI
siQiq dy leI GrylU Krc iv`c viriD rwhI GrylU ArQ-ivvsQw dy ivsqwr dI lox huMdI hY[ ieh SuD inrXwqW
ƒ G`twvygw[ ies pRiviriq ƒ pRBwvhIn krx dy leI AvmuliXn ƒ GrylU Krc iv`c viriD dy nwl joiVAw
jWxw cwihdw hY[
jykr byrojgwrI Aqy Bugqwn sMquln iv`c Gw`tw nwl nwl cldw hY, ijvy kI Kyqr III iv`c K ibMdu qy hUMdw hY, qW
GrylU Krc iv`c viriD hoxI cwihdI hY[ ivsqwrk apwieAW dy mwiDAm nwl AWqirk mMg v`Dwx vwlI nIqI,
GrylU rojgwr vI v`DwdI hY[ pr ien nIqI Bugqwn bkwieAW
dy Gw`ty ƒ v`DwdI hY[ iesƒ “duivDW Kyqr” (dilemma
zone) dy rup iv`c vrixq kIqw igAW hY ikauik ivsqwrk
nIqI dI bjwey AvmulXn AwiDminAw nIqI huMdw hY[
jykr ArQivvsQw iv`c purx rojgwr Bugqwn sMquln ƒ
Gw`ty dy nwl joVdI hY, ijvy jW ik FF vkr dy D ibMdu qy
huMdw hY, qW AvmulXn hI iesdw smwDwn hY[ ieh ivSwl
inXq AwiDkX pYdw krygw Aqy hor ivdySI mMg GrylU ArQ
ivvsQw iv`c sPIiq ilAweygI[ ien pRiviriqAW ƒ rokx
dy leI, QoVy jy AvmulXn ƒ GrylI Krc iv`c ktoqI dy nwl
joiVAw jwvygw[
Kyqr IV iv`c H ibdu lyvo ijQy GrylU sPIiq Bugqwn sMquln
icqr 29.2

272 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY