Page 25 - DECO404_PUBLIC_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% yksd foÙk dk vFkZ ,oa {ks=k

gSA blls tgk¡ fiNM+s {ks=kksa dh mUufr vkSj fodkl esa lgk;rk feysxh ogk¡ lUrqfyr vk£Fkd fodkl Hkh lEHko uksV
gks losQxkA
(iv) lkoZtfud o futh m|ksx dk fodkl (Development of Public and Private Industries)µ
orZeku le; esa jkT; ns'k esa lqn`<+ vkS|ksfxd <k¡pk rS;kj djus gsrq Lo;a vk/kjHkwr m|ksxksa dh LFkkiuk o mudk
fodkl djrk gSA blosQ vfrfjDr ljdkj O;fDrxr fofu;ksxksa dks Hkh viuh jktLo uhfr }kjk izksRlkfgr dj
ldrh gS] tSlsµ(A) O;fDrxr m|ksxksa ij dj Hkkj de djuk] (B) budks fofHkUu vkS|ksfxd lqfo/k,¡ iznku
djuk] (C) O;fDrxr m|ksxksa dks lLrh Í.k lqfo/k,¡ feyuk o bl gsrq fof'k"V foÙkh; laLFkk,¡ [kksyuk vkfnA
(v) lkekftd lqj{kk lEcU/h xfrfof/;k¡ (Social Security Activities)µvussd fodflr ns'kksa esa Øfed
lqj{kk] mnkgj.kkFkZµLokLF; chek] csdkjh chek ;kstuk] o`¼koLFkk isU'ku] ekr`Ro ykHk vkfn dk;ZØeksa ij cgqr
cM+h ek=kk esa lkoZtfud O;; fd;k tkrk gS ftldk vFkZO;oLFkk ij izR;{k rFkk ijks{k egÙoiw.kZ izHkko iM+rk gSA
mijksDr foospu ls Li"V gS fd miyC/ lk/uksa osQ iw.kZ mi;ksx o mfpr vko.Vu osQ {ks=k esa jktLo dk egÙoiw.kZ
;ksxnku gSA
(2) vk; vkSj lEifÙk osQ forj.k esa egÙo (Importance of Public Finance in Distribution of
Income and Wealth)µvkt vf/dka'k ns'kksa esa vk; o lEifÙk osQ forj.k esa vlekurk,¡ n`f"Vxkspj gksrh gSa
,d vksj rks oqQN eqV~Bh Hkj yksx /u ls ifjiw.kZ jgrs gSa vkSj vusd foykflrkiw.kZ dk;ks± esa viuh vk; dk
nq#i;ksx djrs gSa] tcfd nwljh vksj tulk/kj.k vFkkg nfjnzrk o foifÙk osQ uhps ncs djkgrs gSaA LorU=k
vFkZO;oLFkk os vUrxZr ;fn vk£Fkd 'kfDr;ksa dks fu;fU=kr u fd;k tk;s rks vk; o lEifÙk osQ forj.k dh leL;k
vkSj Hkh xEHkhj gks tkrh gSA vk; dh vlekurk uSfrd] lkekftd vk£Fkd o jktuSfrd lHkh n`f"Vdks.kksa ls
vokaNuh; gSA /u osQ forj.k dh vlekurk dks nwj djus ls lekt dks vf/dre vk£Fkd dY;k.k izkIr gks
losQxkA vk; dh vlekurk osQ dkj.k ns'k esa mRiknu dk <k¡pk /uh oxZ osQ vuqowQy gks tkrk gSA mRiknu dk
vf/dka'k Hkkx vfuok;Z vko';drkvksa dh oLrqvksa osQ ctk; foykflrk dh oLrqvksa dk gksrk gSA vr% lekt dks
vf/dre lkekftd lUrks"k izkIr ugha gks ikrkA blosQ vfrfjDr vk; dh vlekurk vUrr% csjkstxkjh dks tUe
nsrh gS] ftlosQ ifj.kkeLo:i tula[;k osQ fo'kky oxZ osQ fy, vk£Fkd vlqj{kk mRiUu gks tkrh gS] cpr o
fofu;ksx dk lUrqyu lEHko ugha gks ikrk vkSj ns'k dh vFkZO;oLFkk vuqowQyre fLFkfr esa dk;Z ugha dj ikrhA
vc gesa ;g vè;;u djuk gksxk fd vk; o lEifÙk osQ forj.k dh fo"kerkvksa dks de djus gsrq yksd foÙk
dgk¡ rd mi;ksxh gksxkA izfrf"Br vFkZ'kkL=kh /u osQ forj.k osQ fy, djkjksi.k dks lkekU;r% fojksèk dh n`f"V
ls ns[krs FksA mudk dguk Fkk fd djkjksi.k dk ,dek=k mís'; jkT; osQ fy, vk; izkIr djuk gSA ijUrq orZeku
le; esa ;g ckr iw.kZ :i ls Lohdkj dh tk jgh gS fd jktdks"kh; uhfr;k¡ /u osQ forj.k dh vlekurkvksa dks
nwj djus esa vR;Ur egÙoiw.kZ ;ksxnku dj ldrh gSaA lkoZtfud O;; }kjk tgk¡ xjhcksa osQ thou&Lrj dks Å¡pk
mBkdj forj.k dh fo"kerkvksa eas deh dh tk ldrh gS ogk¡ djkjksi.k }kjk /uh O;fDr;ksa dh vk; dk Lrj uhpk
djosQ Hkh bl mís'; dks izkIr fd;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj vkt /u osQ forj.k esa okafNr lekurk ykus dh
nks eq[; fof/;k¡ gSaµ
(i) lkoZtfud O;; (Public Expenditure)µ;g vk; dks fu/Zu O;fDr;ksa osQ fgr esa iqu£orfjr djus dk
lk/u gks ldrk gSA ;fn ljdkj viuh vk; dk vf/dre Hkkx bl izdkj O;; djrh gS ftlls fuèkZuksa dh
vf/d lgk;rk gksrh gS rks okLrfod vk;ksa esa de vlekurk gksxhA vr% ljdkj dks fuEu vk; osQ yksxksa ij
vf/d O;; djuk pkfg,A bl fo"k; esa ljdkj dks pkfg, fd ogµ(v) lkekftd lsokvksa] tSlsµfu%'kqYd
f'k{kk] fpfdRlk o edku dh O;oLFkk vkfn xjhcksa osQ fy, djsA (c) csjkstxkjh] chekjh] o`¼koLFkk dh
dfBukb;ksa ls xjhcksa dh j{kk djsaA (l) ljdkj }kjk vfuok;Z oLrqvksa osQ mRiknu esa o`f¼ gsrq fo'ks"k vk£Fkd
lgk;rk iznku dh tkuh pkfg,A (n) ;fn ljdkj vFkZO;oLFkk osQ fofHkUu {ks=kksa osQ lUrqfyr fodkl dk;ZØe
dks 'kq: dj ns rks ;g uhfr thou Lrj dks Å¡pk mBkus vkSj vk; dh vlekurkvksa dks nwj djus esa vkSj Hkh liQy
gksxhA

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