Page 275 - DECO502_INDIAN_ECONOMIC_POLICY_HINDI

bdkbZ—19% Hkkjrh; vFkZO;oLFkk esa vk/kj lajpuk

dh btktr gS vkSj os vius fdjk;s ,oa HkkM+s Lo;a r; dj ldrs gSaA uksV
izk;% ukxfjd foeku ifjogu osQ lEcU/ esa uhfr;ksa esa ifjorZu gq, gSa vkSj bf.M;u ,;jykbUl osQ ,dkf/dkj
dks pqukSrh nh tk jgh gS rkfd ok;qlsuk dks izfr;ksxh vkSj ifj.kker% vf/d oqQ'ky cuk;k tk losQA Hkkjr ljdkj
us ns'kh; ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; fofu;ksDrkvksa osQ u;s vUrjkZ"Vªh; gokbZ vM~Mksa osQ fodkl vkSj mUgsa ns'kh; gokbZ vM~Mksa
ij vk/kj lajpuk lgk;rk osQ foLrkj osQ fy, vkeaf=kr fd;k gSA
ukxfjd foeku ifjogu osQ {ks=k esa Hkh uhfr&ifjorZu fd;k x;k vkSj bf.M;u ,;j ykbUl osQ ,dkf/dkj dks
lekIr dj u;h futh ,;j ykbUl dks btktr nh x;hA bl izdkj Hkkjr esa foeku lsok,a izfrLi¼hZ cu x;ha vkSj
ifj.kker% vf/d oqQ'ky Hkh gks x;haA fiNys oqQN o"kks± ls Hkkjr ljdkj ,;j bf.M;k osQ futhdj.k dk iz;kl
dj jgh gSA 1992&93 rd] ,;j bf.M;k ykHk dekus okyk m|e FkkA blosQ i'pkr~ bldh fLFkfr fcxM+rh x;h
vkSj blesa Hkkjh ?kkVk gksus yxkA
Hkkjr ljdkj us bafM;u ,;j ykbal vkSj ,;j bafM;k osQ futhdj.k dh uhfr NksM+ nh gSA bldh vis{kk] og bu
dk cM+s iSekus ij foLrkj djsxh vkSj budh oqQ'kyrk dks izksUur djsxhA Hkkjr ljdkj us ,slh futh dEifu;ksa dks
ftUgksaus ns'kh; ifjpkyu esa 5 o"kZ iwjs dj fy, gSa] fo'o esa fdlh xarO; LFkku osQ fy, mM+ku Hkjus dh btktr
ns ldrh gSA blesa [kkM+h osQ ns'k vkSj if'pe ,f'k;k osQ ns'k 'kkfey ughaA
Hkkjr ljdkj us fnYyh vkSj eqEcbZ osQ gokbZ vM~Mksa osQ vk/qfudhdj.k] mUu;u ,oa ifjpkyu osQ fy, nks la;qDr
tksf[ke dEifu;ksa (Joint Venture Companies) dk p;u fd;k gSA ;g vuqeku yxk;k x;k gS fd fnYyh vkSj
eqEcbZ osQ gokbZ vM~Mksa osQ fy, Øe'k% 7]960 djksM+ #i;s vkSj 6]130 djksM+ #i;s dh iwath dh vko';drk
gksxhA ljdkj us ;g fu.kZ; Hkh fl¼kUr :i esa fd;k gS fd pSUubZ ,;jiksVZ dk Hkh vk/qfudhdj.k fd;k tk,A
;gka bl ckr dk mYys[k djuk Hkh mfpr gksxk fd ljdkj us caxywj ,oa gSnjkckn osQ nks gokbZ vM~Mksa dh
varjkZ"Vªh; Lrj osQ cukus osQ fy, fuekZ.k&dk;Z vkjEHk dj fn;k gSA ;s nks ,;jiksVZ 2008 rd ladk;Z gks tk,axsA
fl¼kUr :i esa xksok] vgenkckn vkSj f=kosUnze (Trivandrum) osQ ,;jiksVZ Hkh vUrjkZ"Vªh; Lrj dk dk;e djus
dk fu.kZ; fy;k x;k gSA
futh ,;jyk;uksa (Private Airlines) osQ izos'k vkSj fo'ks"kdj fuEu ykxr oSQfj;j (:Low cost carriers) osQ vkus
osQ i'pkr] ns'kh; VSªfiQd (Domestic Traffic) esa 25 izfr'kr dh ok£"kd o`f¼ gqbZ gSA izkbosV ,;jykbu vc 70
izfr'kr ns'kh; VSfjiQ osQ fy, ftEesnkj gSaA gokbZ tgktksa esa liQj djus okyh lokfj;ksa osQ :i esa Hkh ifjorZu
gqvk gSA Hkkjr dks lwpuk rdukykth osQ {ks=k vkSj fofuekZ.k osQUnz osQ :i esa u;k vUrjkZ"Vªh; ntkZ feyus osQ
ifj.kkeLo:i vUrjkZ"Vªh; ,;j VªSfiQd esa o`f¼ gqbZ gSA phu osQ ckn] fo'o esa ns'kh; vkSj vUrjkZ"Vªh; ,;j VSªfiQd
dh o`f¼ esa oLrqr% Hkkjr dk LFkku gSA

19-3 Hkkjr esa lapkj iz.kkyh (Communication System in India)

lapkj iz.kkyh esa Mkd ,oa rkj] Vsyh&lapkj O;oLFkk] izlkj.k] nwjoh{k.k vkSj lwpuk miyC/ djkdj vkSj
vko';d izsj.kk nsdj Hkh] lapkj iz.kkyh ozsQrkvksa ,oa foozsQrkvksa dks izHkkoh :i esa tksM+rh gS vkSj bl izdkj
vFkZO;oLFkk dks Rofjr djrh gSA
Hkkjr esa Mkd iz.kkyh (Postal System)

1950&51 osQ i'pkr~ Mkd iz.kkyh dk ns'k Hkj esa yxkrkj foLrkj fd;k x;k vkSj gky gh osQ o"kks± esa] fo'ks"k
cy xzkeh.k] igkM+h vkSj nwjnjkt osQ tutkrh; {ks=kksa ij fn;k x;kA ns'k esa 31 ekpZ] 2003 ij 1-56 Mkd?kj
gSa vkSj bl izdkj Hkkjr dh Mkd O;oLFkk fo'o esa lcls cM+h gSA Hkkjr ljdkj osQ Mkd O;oLFkk fo'o
esa lcls cM+h gSA Hkkjr ljdkj osQ Mkd lsok foHkkx dk nh?kZdkyhu y{; izR;sd xkao ls 3 fdyksehVj osQ
vUnj ,d Mkd?kj miyC/ djkuk gSA vkt ;g vuqeku yxk;k x;k gS fd 1]10]000 xzke iapk;r xkao ,sls

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