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bdkbZ—1% O;kikj fodkl osQ batu osQ :i esa




            vkSj iwathxr oLrq,a iznku dh gSaA fodflr ns'kksa dh iwath ,oa rduhd us v¼Z&fodflr ns'kksa osQ vk£Fkd fodkl  uksV
            esa cM+h lgk;rk dh gSA bl izdkj vk;krksa vkSj c<+rh gqbZ mRiknu lEHkkoukvksa us izkFkfed mRiknu djus okys
            ns'kksa esa foLr`r vkSj xgu vk£Fkd fodkl dks izksRlkgu fn;k gSA
            (9) xfr'khy ykHkμgScjyj osQ vuqlkj] vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ls v¼Z&fodflr ns'kksa dks fuEu pkj xfr'khy ykHk
            izkIr gksrs gSaμ
             (i)  e'khu] iwath] dPps eky] v¼Z&fufeZr oLrq,a rFkk vU; HkkSfrd lk/uksa dh miyfC/
             (ii)  ns'k esa vUrjkZ"Vªh; fofu;ksx ls iwath dh izkfIr

             (iii)  rduhd ,oa uo&izorZu osQ ykHk
             (iv)  fons'kh izfr;kssfxrk ls oqQ'ky ,oa vf/d mRiknu

            mi;qZDr foospu ls Li"V gS fd vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj us fo'ks"k :i ls v¼Z&fodflr ns'kksa osQ vk£Fkd fodkl esa dkiQh
            lgk;rk igqapk;h gSA
            Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
            1-  lgh fodYi pqfu, (Choose the correct option)μ

              1. uo&izfrf"Br vFkZ'kkL=kh vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dks ekurs gSaμ
                  (d) vk£Fkd fodkl dk batu           ([k) vojks/d ?kVd
                  (x) d vkSj [k nksuksa               (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

              2. izks- feMZy osQ vuqlkj vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj us vYifodflr ns'k esa fodkl dks izksRlkfgr djus osQ ctk,
                  mRiUu gSμ
                  (d) vojks/d ?kVd                   ([k) ,dgjh vFkZO;oLFkk
                  (x) nksgjh vFkZO;oLFkk              (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
              3. fons'kksa esa ek¡x o`f¼ osQ dkj.k gksrk gSμ

                  (d) cktkj foLr`r                    ([k) cktkj laoqQfpr
                  (x) cktkj lUrqyu                    (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
              4. fiNM+s ns'kksa esa vk; o`f¼ djus osQ fy, vko';d gSμ
                  (d) mRiknu {kerk dks de djuk        ([k) mRiknu {kerk esa o`f¼ djuk

                  (x) mRiknu {kerk dks lUrqfyr djuk   (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA
              5. fons'kh O;kikj xfr'khy mRikndrk osQ vk/kj ij vk/kfjr gSA ; dFku fdldk gSμ
                  (d) ,p- fey dk                      ([k) feMZy dk
                  (x) izks- fey dk                    (?k) buesa ls dksbZ ughaA

            1-3 O;kikj vk£Fkd fodkl dks vo#¼ djrk gS % D;ksa\  (Trade Obstructs

                Economic Development : Why?)

            vusd vk/qfud vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa jkmy izsfc'k] ¯lxj] feMZy] fe.V] vkfn us vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj dks vYifodflr
            ns'kksa osQ vk£Fkd fodkl esa vojks/d ekuk gS vkSj izfrf"Br ,oa uo&izfrf"Br vFkZ'kkfL=k;ksa osQ fopkjksa dh
            vkykspuk djrs gq, muosQ fu"d"kks± dks fujFkZd ekuk gSA




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