Page 115 - DECO503_INTERNATIONAL_TRADE_AND_FINANCE_HINDI

bdkbZ—8% iz'kqYd] vH;a'k ,oa xSj iz'kqYd ck/k,¡ % ifjHkk"kk ,oa izdkj

fefJr vH;a'kksa dk eq[; nks"k ;g gS fd blls fo'o osQ lk/uksa ,oa ekuo 'kfDr dk oqQ'kyre iz;ksx ugha gks ikrk uksV
,oa ?kjsyw fuEu Lrj dh oLrqvksa osQ fy, Å¡ph dhersa nsuh iM+rh gSaA
(5) vk;kr ykblsal iz.kkyhμbl iz.kkyh osQ vUrxZr lEHkkfor vk;krdrkZvksa dks mfpr ljdkjh vf/dkfj;ksa
ls vk;kr ykblsal izkIr djuk iM+rk gSA ;g ykblsal ;k rks vk;krdrkZvksa dks] vk;kr dk Hkqxrku djus osQ
fy, fons'kh eqnzk osQ iz;ksx dh vuqefr iznku djrk gS vFkok mDr Hkqxrku djus osQ fy, mUgsa fons'kh eqnzk
dk Ø; djus osQ fy, vf/Ñr djrk gSA ;g vk;krksa dks vizR;{k :i ls fu;fU=kr djrk gS] D;ksafd ;g
vk;krksa dks izR;{k :i ls izHkkfor u djosQ] muosQ Hkqxrku osQ fy, fons'kh eqnzk osQ iz;ksx dks izfrcfU/r
djrk gSA
dk;Z&iz.kkyhμtc ykblsal iz.kkyh dk mís'; nqyZHk fons'kh eqnzk osQ vkoaVu dks fu;fU=kr djuk gksrk gS rks
fuEu esa ls fdlh ,d fof/ dk vuqlj.k fd;k tkrk gSμ
(1) igys vk;kr dh tkus okyh oLrqvksa dh ?kVrh gqbZ izkFkfedrk osQ Øe esa ,d lwph rS;kj dj yh tkrh
gS vkSj fiQj miyC/ fons'kh eqnzk dks 'kq: ls yxkdj izkFkfedrk osQ iz;ksxksa osQ vuqlkj vkoafVr fd;k
tkrk gSA
(2) nwljh iz.kkyh ;g gS fd mu oLrqvksa dh lwph rS;kj dj yh tkrh gS ftuosQ fy, vk;kr ykblsal dh
vko';drk gksrh gS] fdUrq izkFkfedrk osQ Øe dk fu/kZj.k ugha fd;k tkrkA fiQj miyC/ fons'kh eqnzk
osQ vkèkkj ij vk;kr dh tkus okyh oqQy ek=kk dk fu/kZj.k fd;k tkrk gSA oqQN ns'kksa esa ykblsal iznku
dj fn;s tkrs gSa tks mRikndksa dks vk;kr djus osQ fy, vf/Ñr dj nsrs gSaA
xq.kμfo'oO;kih ,oa vkoafVr vH;a'kksa dh rqyuk esa] vk;kr ykblsal iz.kkyh fuf'pr gh ,d lq/kj gS] D;ksafd
blls vk;kr fu;U=k.k vf/d izHkko'kkyh <ax ls gksrk gS rFkk blls vU; fof/;ksa osQ nks"kksa dk fujkdj.k Hkh
gks tkrk gSA vk;kr ykblsal iz.kkyh osQ fuEufyf[kr ykHk gSaμ
(i) vk;krksa osQ fu;U=k.k osQ fy, ykblsal iz.kkyh i;kZIr ykspnkj gSA cnyh gqbZ ifjfLFkfr;ksa osQ vuqlkj
ykblsal iz.kkyh dks Hkh cnyk tk ldrk gSA
(ii) ;g ,d ,slh iz.kkyh gS ftlosQ ekè;e ls ,d ns'k vius fuokfl;ksa dh nqyZHk fons'kh eqnzk dh ek¡x dks
fu;fU=kr dj ldrk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] tc f}rh; fo'o;q¼ osQ ckn cgqr&ls ns'kksa dks Mkyj dh deh
eglwl gqbZ rks Mkyj {ks=k ls vk;krksa dks fu;fU=kr djus osQ fy, ykblsal iz.kkyh dk iz;ksx fd;k x;kA
(iii) bl iz.kkyh esa vk;kr djus dh gksM+ lekIr gks tkrh gS] ftlls dherksa esa mPpkopu de gks tkrs gSaA

nks"kμvk;kr iz.kkyh osQ fuEu nks"k gSaμ
(i) pwafd ykblsal vklkuh ls izkIr ugha fd;s tk ldrs] yksx bl ckr dk iz;Ru djrs gSa fd fdlh rjg mUgsa
ykblsal fey tk,a rFkk nwljksa dks u feysaA blosQ fy, os fj'or ,oa Hkz"Vkpkj dk lgkjk ysrs gSaA vr%
;g iz.kkyh Hksn&Hkko djrh gS rFkk oqQ'ky vk;krdrkZvksa osQ LFkku ij voqQ'ky yksxksa dks ykblsal fey
ldrs gSaA
(ii) ;fn mDr nks"k dk fujkdj.k Hkh dj fn;k tk, rks ;g leL;k jgrh gS fd fdUgsa ykblsal fn;s tk,aA oqQN
ns'kksa esa mRikndksa dks ykblsal] muosQ fiNys fjdkMZ osQ vk/kj ij fn;s tkrs gSa] ijUrq ;g fof/ xfrghu
vFkok tM+ gS vkSj u;s oqQ'ky mRikndksa dh vogsyuk djrh gSA
(iii) vk;krksa ij fu;U=k.k gksus ls] ftUgsa ykblsal izkIr gks tkrs gSa] os ,dkf/dkjh ykHk izkIr djus yxrs gSaA
bu nks"kksa dks nwj djus osQ fy, gScjyj us ;g lq>ko fn;k gS fd ljdkj dks uhykeh osQ ekè;e ls mUgsa
ykblsal nsuk pkfg, tks vf/dre cksyh yxkrs gSa] fdUrq bldk ifj.kke ;g gksxk fd vk;kr vH;a'k dk eq[;
mís'; vk; dekuk gks tk,xk] tcfd vk; vtZu vk;kr vH;a'k dk oLrqr% xkS.k mís'; gSA ;|fi gScjyj
osQ vuqlkj ;g vk;kr djus okys ns'k dh n`f"V ls pquko dk foosdiw.kZ rjhdk gS fiQj Hkh LokFkhZ fgrksa osQ
fojks/ osQ dkj.k fdlh Hkh ljdkj }kjk bls viuk;k ugha x;k gSA

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