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vUrjkZ"Vªh; O;kikj ,oa foÙk

uksV mís'; bu ns'kksa dh Hkqxrku lUrqyu dh fLFkfr esa lq/kj dj muesa fodkl dh xfr rst djuk gSA Hkkjr lfgr 62
ns'k orZeku esa ;g lgk;rk ikus osQ ik=k gSaA
(9) eqnzk&dks"k dh fjiksVZ dk izdk'ku (The Publications of I.M.F. Report)
vUrjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk&dks"k }kjk viuh okf"kZd fjiksVZ] fons'kh fofue; fu;U=k.k lEcU/h okf"kZd fjiksVZ] Hkqxrku lUrqyu
(okf"kZd)] vUrjkZ"Vªh; foÙk lEioZQ (ekfld)] O;kikj dh fn'kk (ekfld)] foÙk ,oa fodkl (=kSekfld) rFkk
vUrjkZ"Vªh; foÙkh; lekpkj losZ{k.k (lkIrkfgd) izdkf'kr fd, tkrs gSa ftuesa fo|kfFkZ;ksa] vè;kidksa rFkk
'kks/drkZvksa ,oa ljdkjh dk;kZy;ksa osQ fy, vR;Ur ewY;oku lkexzh feyrh gSA eqnzk&dks"k osQ LVkiQ isilZ esa vR;Ur
mPpLrjh; ys[k izdkf'kr gksrs gSaA
fo'o cSad dh LFkkiuk (Stablishment of World Bank)

1944 esa vk;ksftr czsVuoqM~l vUrjkZ"Vªh; ekSfnzd lEesyu esa ftu nks laLFkkvksa dh LFkkiuk dk fu'p; fd;k
x;k Fkk muesa vUrjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk dks"k (IMF) rks lnL; ns'kksa osQ vLFkkbZ Hkqxrku vlUrqyu dks Bhd djus osQ fy,
cuk;k x;k Fkk] ijUrq ;q¼tfur vO;oLFkk dks nwj djus rFkk vfodflr vkSj vYi&fodflr ns'kksa dks fodkl djus
gsrq nh?kZdkyhu iw¡th dh iw£r osQ fy, vUrjkZ"Vªh; iqu£uekZ.k vkSj fodkl cSad (IBRD) vFkok fo'o cSad dh
LFkkiuk dh xbZA fo'o cSad us twu 1946 ls dk;Z djuk vkjaHk dj fn;k FkkA
fo'o cSad ,oa vUrjkZ"Vªh; eqnzk dks"k ,d&nwljs dh iwjd laLFkk,¡ gSaA
fo'o cSad lewg (World Bank Group)

fo'o cSad lewg esa fo'o cSad rFkk mldh lg;ksxh laLFkk vUrjkZ"Vªh; fodkl la?k (IDA) osQ lkFk gh nks laLFkkvksa
dk lekos'k gksrk gS % vUrjkZ"Vªh; foÙk fuxe (IFC) ,oa cgqi{kh; fofu;ksx xkj.Vh vfHkdj.k (Multilateral
Investment Guarantee Agency–MIGA)|

bl izdkj ^fo'o cSad lewg* (World Band Group) esa fuEufyf[kr laLFkkvksa dk lekos'k gS %
(i) vUrjkZ"Vªh; iqu£uekZ.k ,oa fodkl caSd (LFkkiuk o"kZ 1945)
(ii) vUrjkZ"Vªh; foÙk fuxe (LFkkiuk o"kZ 1956)
(iii) vUrjkZ"Vªh; fodkl la?k (LFkkiuk o"kZ 1960)
(iv) cgqi{kh; fofu;ksx xkj.Vh vfHkdj.kμMIGA (LFkkiuk o"kZ 1988)

fo'o cSad lewg ls vki D;k le>rs gSa\

fo'o cSad osQ mís'; (Aims of World Bank)

fo'o cSad dh LFkkiuk 1945 esa] fo'o osQ fodkl'khy ns'kksa esa vk£Fkd fodkl dks xfr'khy cukus osQ mís'; ls
dh xbZ FkhA blosQ izeq[k mís'; fuEu izdkj gS %
(1) iqu£uekZ.k vkSj fodkl (Reconstruction and Development)μfo'o cSad dk izFke mís'; ;q¼&ihfM+r
ns'kksa osQ iqu£uekZ.k (Reconstruction) rFkk fiNM+s gq, ns'kksa osQ vk£Fkd fodkl esa lgk;rk nsuk FkkA bl dk;Z dks
lEi djus osQ fy, mlus lnL; ns'kksa dks mRiknd dk;ks± osQ fy, iw¡th yxkus esa izksRlkgu fn;kA
(2) iw¡th fofu;ksx (Capital Investment)μmRiknu rFkk fodkl osQ fy, ftu {ks=kksa esa iw¡th dh vko';drk gksrh
gS fo'o cSad muesa futh m|ksxifr;ksa (private enterprise) dks iw¡th yxkus dh lykg nsrk gS vkSj vko';drk gksus
ij Lo;a Hkh muosQ lk>s esa iw¡th fofu;ksx djrk gSA ;fn fdlh {ks=k esa iw¡th mfpr 'krks± ij miyC/ u gks rks fo'o cSad
Lo;a ml {ks=k eas iw¡th yxkrk gS rkfd /u dh deh osQ dkj.k vko';d fodkl dk;ks± esa ck/k mRi u gksA

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