Page 11 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% lkaf[;dh dh ifjHkk"kk % lkaf[;dh dk egÙo] foLrkj rFkk bldh lhek,¡¡

8. rF;ksa dks fu'p;kRed :i nsuk (Statistics provides definiteness to the facts)μlkaf[;dh; uksV
jhfr;ksa osQ iz;ksx osQ fcuk fu"d"kZ rks fudkys tk ldrs gS] ijUrq mudk izR;sd dlkSVh ij [kjk mrjuk
vlEHko gksrk gSA vFkkZr~ ;fn fdlh leL;k osQ lek/ku ;k leL;k dks ;FkkFkZ :i ugha fn;k tkrk gS
rks mlesa vfuf'prrk cuh jgrh gS tcfd lkaf[;dh jhfr }kjk fudkys x;s fu"d"kZ rqyukRed :i ls 'kq¼
,oa lR;rk osQ fudV gksrs gSaA
9. ifjdYiuk vkSj mldh tk¡p esa lgk;d (Helps in formulating and testing hypothesis)μ
lkaf[;dh; jhfr;k¡ ifjdYiuk djus mudh tk¡p djus ,oa u;s fl¼kUr fodflr djus esa lgk;d gksrh
gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,μC;kt&njsa de djus ls cktkj esa iw¡th rjyrk c<+sxhA
10. foLrkj dk vkHkkl djkukμlkaf[;dh dh lgk;rk ls fdlh ?kVuk dh okLrfod egÙkk dk mfpr
vkHkkl gks tkrk gSA leadksa osQ :i esa fn;s fooj.k vf/d Li"V vkSj izHkko'kkyh gksrs gSaA 1961 ls 1971
rd Hkkjr dh tula[;k rhoz xfr ls c<+h gS ijUrq blls leL;k dh xEHkhjrk dk mfpr vkHkkl ugha gksrk
ijUrq ;fn dgk tk, fd 21 O;fDr izfr feuV dh nj ls c<+s gSa rks leL;k dk vkdkj vf/d Li"V
gks tk,xk tks fd lkaf[;dh; jhfr;ksa ls lEHko gSA
1-4 lkaf[;dh dk egÙo (Importance of Statistics)

izkphudky esa lkaf[;dh dks jkT; osQ vadxf.kr osQ :i esa tkuk tkrk Fkk D;ksafd ml le; ;g osQoy 'kkldh;
dk;ks± rd gh lhfer FkkA ijUrq lkekftd fodkl] lH;rk fodkl ,oa vk£Fkd tkxj.k osQ dkj.k bl foKku dk
{ks=k vR;f/d c<+ x;k gSA vc lkaf[;dh foKkuksa dh fofHkUu leL;kvksa dks rk£dd fo'ys"k.k osQ }kjk gy djus
esa lgk;rk nsrh gSA okfyl ,oa jkWcV~lZ osQ vuqlkj] ¶lkaf[;dh ,d ,slk lk/u gS tks iz;ksxfl¼ vuqlU/ku osQ
yxHkx izR;sd {ks=k esa mRiUu gksus okyh leL;kvksa dk lek/ku djus esa iz;ksx fd;k tkrk gSA¸
1. 'kklu izcU/ esa egRo (Importance in Administration)μlkaf[;dh dk mn~xe ,oa fodkl jkT; foKku
osQ :i esa gqvk FkkA jkT; dh 'kklu O;oLFkk esa lkaf[;dh osQ }kjk jktdh; vk;] O;; tula[;k] lSU;&'kfDr
rFkk Hkwfe&lEcU/h leadksa dk ladyu fd;k tkrk FkkA orZeku ;qx esa jkT; dh izR;sd uhfr dk fuèkkZj.k lkaf[;dh
osQ lg;ksx ls gh gks ikrk gSA foÙkea=kh }kjk ctV rS;kj djrs le; djkjksi.k esa o`f¼ ;k deh] vk;&O;; dk
iwokZuqeku] iz'kklu] izfrj{kk] LokLF;] f'k{kk vkfn ij O;; /ujkf'k ,oa ubZ ;kstukvksa vkfn dk vè;;u lkaf[;dh
dh lgk;rk ls gh fd;k tkrk gSA u;s dkuwu cukus ,oa iqjyksdkuwuksa esa la'kks/u djus osQ fy, Hkh lkaf[;dh dh
vko';drk iM+rh gSA ljdkj }kjk fu;qDr fofHkUu lfefr;ksa rFkk vk;ksxksa dh fjiksVZ vko';d leadksa ij gh vk/
kfjr gksrh gSA ;q¼ uhfr] O;wg jpuk] vL=k&'kL=k o vU; lkt&lkeku dh vko';drk] izf'k{k.k] [kjhnh gqbZ lkexzh
osQ izfrn'kZ fujh{k.k vkfn dh liQyrk mi;qDr leadksa ij fuHkZj gksrh gSA
2. vk£Fkd fu;kstu esa egRo (Importance in Economic Planning)μorZeku ;qx esa izR;sd ns'k vius fodkl
vkSj v£Fkd izxfr osQ fy, vk£Fkd fu;kstu djrk gSA ns'k dh vk£Fkd ;kstuk dks miyC/ lk/uksa] eq[;
leL;kvksa vkSj vko';drk ls lEcfU/r mfpr lkaf[;dh; lkezxh osQ vk/kj ij rS;kj fd;k tkrk gSA
fVIisV osQ vuqlkj] ¶fu;kstu vkt dk O;ofLFkr Øe gS vkSj leadksa osQ fcuk fu;kstu dh dYiuk Hkh ugha dh
tk ldrhA¸ i;kZIr ,oa fo'oluh; leadksa osQ vk/kj ij gh ns'k osQ ;kstuk&fuekZrk izkÑfrd ,oa ekuoh; lalk/
uksa] iw¡th] vk; vkfn dh tkudkjh izkIr djrs gSaA ;kstuk,¡ ykxw djus ossQ i'pkr~ mudh izxfr dk ewY;kadu Hkh
lkaf[;dh; jhfr;ksa }kjk gh fd;k tkrk gSA leadksa osQ vk/kj ij gh ns'k ;g tku ikrk gS fd fdl {ks=k esa fodkl
/heh xfr ls ;k rhoz xfr ls gks jgk gS vFkkZr~ ¶leadksa osQ fcuk vk£Fkd fu;kstu ,d fn'kklwpd ;U=k jfgr
tgkt osQ leku gSA¸ vr% leadksa osQ fcuk vk£Fkd ;kstukvksa osQ fu/kZfjr y{;ksa dh izkfIr vlEHko gSA Hkkjrh;

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