Page 33 - DECO504_STATISTICAL_METHODS_IN_ECONOMICS_HINDI

bdkbZ—2% leadksa osQ ladyu osQ izdkj % izkFkfed ,oa f}rh;d lead izkFkfed leadksa osQ ladyu dh fof/;k¡

4. tk¡p dk le; vkSj mldh ifjfLFkfr;k¡μf}rh;d lkexzh dk iz;ksx djrs le; ;g lqfuf'pr dj uksV
ysuk pkfg, fd miyCèk lead fdl dky o fdu ifjfLFkfr esa ,d=k fd;s x;s FksA ;fn vk¡dM+ksa osQ
ladyu dky ,oa mi;ksx osQ dky dh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa vUrj gksrk gS rks mudh mi;ksfxrk de gks tkrh
gSA tSls eanhdky osQ lead rsth dky ,oa ;q¼ dky osQ lead 'kkfUrdky esa iz;ksx ugha fd;s tk ldrsA
vr% yksxksa osQ jgu&lgu] jhfr&fjokt esa gksus okys ifjorZu] ewY;ksa esa vUrj vkfn dks è;ku esa j[kdj
gh iwoZ izdkf'kr leadksa dk iz;ksx djuk pkfg,A
5. lkaf[;dh; bdkbZ dh ifjHkk"kkμf}rh; lkexzh dks iz;ksx djrs oDr bl ckr dh tk¡p Hkh djuh

pkfg, fd iwoZ vuqlUèkku dh bdkb;k¡ vFkZ] ifjHkk"kk o le:irk dh n`f"V ls orZeku iz;ksx osQ vuqowQy
gSa ;k ughaA
6. 'kq¼rk dh ek=kk dk Lrjμbl ckr dh tk¡p Hkh t:jh gS fd izLrqr leadksa esa 'kq¼rk dk Lrj D;k
j[kk x;k FkkA 'kq¼rk dh ek=kk de gksus ij lead vfo'oluh; gks tkrs gSa lkFk gh ;g Hkh ns[k ysuk
pkfg, fd vk¡dM+ksa dk vR;fèkd lfUudVu u fd;k x;k gksA
7. rqyuk ,oa tk¡pμvuqlUèkkudrkZ dks ,d gh fo"k; ij ;fn vusd Ïksrksa ls f}rh;d lead izkIr gksaxs
rks mudh lR;rk dh tk¡p djus osQ fy, mudh rqyuk dj ysuh pkfg,A miyCèk leadksa dh ijh{kkRed
tk¡p djosQ mudh fo'oluh;rk dks tk¡p ysuk pkfg,A ;fn leadksa esa dkiQh vUrj gks rks fo'oluh;
Ïksrksa ls izkIr lead gh ysus pkfg,A
,- ,y- ckmys osQ vuqlkj] ¶izdkf'kr leadksa dks Åij ls gh ns[kdj muosQ cká ewY; osQ vkèkkj ij Lohdkj
dj ysuk dHkh lqjf{kr ugha gS tc rd mudk vFkZ o mudh lhek,¡ vPNh rjg ls Kkr u gks tk,¡ vkSj ;g lnSo
vko';d gS fd mu rdks± dh vkykspukRed leh{kk dh tk, tks mu ij vkèkkfjr gSaA¸

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

2- fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks)μ
1. iz'ukoyh --------- dh ,d ,slh lwph gS ftlesa iz'uksa dk mÙkj Lo;a lwpd nsrk gSA

2. vuqlwph --------- izdkj dh gksrh gSA
3. f}rh;d lead osQ --------- rFkk vizdkf'kr nks Ïksr gSaA
4. ljdkj fofHkUu fo"k;ksa ij tk¡p djkus ,oa fo'ks"kKksa dh jk; izkfIr osQ fy, --------- dk xBu djrh gSA
5. --------- ,oa lkef;d if=kdk,¡ f}rh;d leadksa osQ egRoiw.kZ lk/u gSaA

2-6 lkjka'k (Summary)

• lkaf[;dh; vuqlUèkku dh ;kstuk iwjh gksus osQ ckn leadksa dk ladyu fd;k tkrk gSA leadksa dk ladyu
lkaf[;dh foKku dh izFke ,oa egÙoiw.kZ fØ;k gS D;ksafd ;s vuqlUèkku dk vkèkkj gksrs gSaA leadksa osQ
mfpr ladyu] 'kq¼rk ,oa O;kidrk osQ vkèkkj ij gh fo'ys"k.k ,oa fuoZpu fuHkZj djrk gSA
• izkFkfed ,oa f}rh;d leadksa esa vUrj izÑfr dk ugha cfYd voLFkk ,oa lkis{krk dk gksrk gSA tc
fdlh laLFkk }kjk igyh ckj lead ,df=kr fd;s tkrs gSa rks os izkFkfed lkexzh dk dk;Z djrs gSa ijUrq
;gh lead tc fdlh nwljs vuqlUèkkudrkZ }kjk iz;ksx fd;s tkrs gSa rks f}rh;d lkexzh dgykrs gSaA
• lwph rS;kj djrs le; ;g è;ku j[kuk pkfg, fd iz'u ljy] Li"V o NksVs gksa] iz'u la[;k esa de gksa]

mÙkstuk] 'kadk ;k fojksèk mRiUu djus okys u gksaA gk¡ ;k uk osQ mÙkj okys iz'u gksus pkfg,A iz'u ,sls
gksa ftlls mudh izfrtk¡p gks losQA
• izkFkfed lkaf[;dh vuqlaèkku esa vfèkdka'kr% lwpdksa }kjk ;k izx.kdksa dh lgk;rk ls vuqlwfp;k¡ Hkjokdj

vko';d lead miyCèk gks tkrs gSaA O;kogkfjd rkSj ij vuqlwph ;k iz'ukoyh ,d ,slk iQkWeZ ;k izi=k

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