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E\L-LOVELY-H\dev1-1 IInd 24-10-11 IIIrd 23-12-11 IVth 14-1-12 Vth 30-1-12 VIth 29-2-12 VIIth 6-3-12

bdkbZ—1: euksfoKku osQ Lo:i] 'kk[kk,¡ ,oa laiznk;

(Control) j[kk tk ldrk gS] vkSj iz;ksx'kkyk eas euksokafNd ijh{k.k djosQ liQyrk izkIr dh tk ldrh gSA uksV
blosQ foijhr euksfoKku esa inkFkZ osQ LFkku ij ,d ,slk euq"; fo"k; (Subject) gksrk gS ftl ij inkFkZ dh
Hkk¡fr fu;a=k.k ugha j[kk tk ldrkA ekuo&efLr"d ij iw.kZ fu;a=k.k j[kuk lEHko ugha gksrkA efLr"d dh nkSM+
ij fu;a=k.k ugha gks ikrkA og U;w;koZQ dh lksprk gS rks {k.k Hkj esa og ihfoaQx dh lkspus yxrk gSA ;fn fdlh
dh ckr lquus esa og O;Lr gS rks Ùkdky gh eu esa dksbZ vkSj ckr ?kweus yxrh gSA bl izdkj ekuo efLr"d ij
inkFkks± dh Hkk¡fr fu;a=k.k lEHko ugha gksrkA ;gh dkj.k gS fd euksfoKku osQ iz;ksxksa osQ iQyLo:i tc ekufld
O;ogkj dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gS ;k efLr"d&lEcU/h fu;e vkSj fl¼kUr fu:fir fd;s tkrs gSa rks muesa
vuqeku (Inferences) vkSj lEHkkouk,¡ (Probabilities) vo'; gh jgrh gSaA blfy, euksfoKku HkkSfrd
foKku (Physics) rFkk jlk;u foKku (Chemistry) dh Hkk¡fr 'kq¼ foKku (Pure Science) ugha gSA

uksV~l euksfoKku osQ iz;ksxkas osQ iQyLo:i tc ekufld O;ogkj dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk gS ;k efLr"d
laca/h fu;e vkSj fl¼kar fu:ifr fd, tkrs gSa rks muesa vuqeku ;k laHkkouk,¡ vo'; jgrh gSaA
blfy, euksfoKku HkkSfrd foKku ,oa jlk;u foKku dh Hkkafr 'kq¼ foKku ugha gSA

inkFkZ foKku vkSj euksfoKku esa nwljk vUrj ;g gS fd inkFkZ foKku eas lkoZHkkSfedrk (Universality) ik;h
tkrh gS] tcfd euksfoKku eas oS;fÙkQdrk (Individualness) vkSj oS;fÙkQd (Individual Differences)
jgrs gSaA mnkgj.k osQ fy,] tc euksoSKkfud ekuo O;ogkj dk iz;ksx'kkyk esas vè;;u djrk gS rc mldk fo"k;
^O;fÙkQ&fo'ks"k* dk efLr"d gksrk gS ftlls mlosQ O;ogkj lapkfyr gksrs gaSA ;fn bl O;fÙkQ osQ LFkku ij nwljk
O;fÙkQ ijh{k.k ;k vè;;u osQ fy, yk;k tk, rks ml ij fd;k x;k vè;;u igys osQ vè;;u osQ leku ugha
gksxkA blh izdkj ;fn oSKkfud gkFkh ij iz;ksx djrk gS rks og lHkh euq";ksa dh gkFkh osQ izfr gksus okyh
izfrfozQ;k,¡ ns[ksxk vkSj lkekU; fu;e fudky ysxk] ijUrq tc euksoSKkfud gkFkh osQ izfr O;fÙkQ dh izfrfozQ;k dk
vè;;u djsxk rc mls O;fÙkQ&O;fÙkQ dh i`Fko~Q&i`Fko~Q izfrfozQ;kvksa dk vè;;u djuk gksxkA muosQ vk/kj ij
og dksbZ lkekU; fu;e ugha fudky losQxkA
euksfoKku izkÑfrd foKku dh rhu izeq[k fof/;ksaµfujh{k.k (Observation), ijh{k.k (Experimentation)
vkSj o.kZu (Description) dks viukrk gSA blfy, og Hkh ,d izkÑfrd fOkKku gSA og tc O;fÙkQ ;k
oLrq&fo'ks"k dk vè;;u djrk gS rks og oSKkfud fof/;ksa dk mi;ksx djrk gSA euksfoKku eas n'kZu'kkL=k
(Philosophy) uhfr'kkL=k ;k lkSUn;Z'kkL=k (Ethics or Aesthetics) dh Hkk¡fr osQoy lS¼kfUrd vkn'kZokn
dh ppkZ ugha gksrhA

1-4- euksfoKku dh 'kk[kk,¡ (Branches of Psychology)

mn~ns';ksa dks n`f"V esa j[krs gq, euksfoKku dks nks izeq[k 'kk[kkvksa esa foHkÙkQ fd;k tk ldrk gSµ
(1) lkekU; euksfoKku (Normal or General Psychology)
(2) vlkekU; euksfoKku (Abnormal Psychology)

lkekU; euksfoKku eas euq"; vkSj i'kq osQ lHkh O;ogkjksa dk oSKkfud vè;;u fd;k tkrk gS] ijURkq vlkekU;
euksfoKku (Abnormal Psychology) esa euq"; dh vLoLFk ;k vlkekU; voLFkk dk vè;;u fd;k tkrk
gSA ;s nksuksa 'kk[kk,¡ vkxs pydj vU; izfr'kk[kkvksa (Sub-branches) esa ck¡V nh x;h gSaA tSls lkekU; euksfoKku

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