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'kSf{kd rduhdh
uksV
uksV~l vUr%fØ;k fo'ys"k.k (Interaction Analysis) dk vFkZ gSµ,slh iz.kkyh ftlds }kjk d{kk&d{k esa
?kVus okyh ?kVukvksa dk O;ofLFkr rFkk oLrqfu"B fujh{k.k dj oSKkfud fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkrk gSA
;g ,d izdkj dh fof'k"V 'kksèk fØ;k gS] ftldh lgk;rk ls d{kkxr lHkh fØ;kvksa rFkk O;ogkjksa dk fujh{k.k]
vadu rFkk fo'ys"k.k fd;k tkrk gSA
vksoj osQ vuqlkj] ¶Øec¼ fujh{k.k iz.kkyh og mi;ksxh lkèku gS] ftlds ekè;e ls vfèkxe dh fLFkfr;ksa ds
pjksa dh vUr%fØ;k dks igpkuuk] oxhZdj.k] ekiu ,oa vè;;u fd;k tkrk gSA¸
“Systematic observation represents a useful means of identifying, classifying, studying,
measuring specific variables as they interact within the institutional learning
situations.”
xr 60&65 o"kZ ls f'k{kk'kkL=kh d{kk O;ogkjksa dk vè;;u djus ds fy;s ftu d{kk fujh{k.k iz.kkfy;ksa dk mi;ksx
dj jgs gSa] mUgsa nks oxks± esa ck¡Vk tk ldrk gSµ
" #
$
% &
(Sign system) (Category system)
ladsr&iz.kkyh esa f'k{kd ds O;ogkjksa dh lwph nh tkrh gSA fujh{kd] f'k{kd ds ml O;ogkj ij fu'kku (ladsr)
yxkrk gS ftldk izn'kZu d{k esa gksrk gSA
Js.kh@oxZ iz.kkyh esa fofHkUu O;ogkjksa dks leqfpr oxks±@Jsf.k;ksa esa lEiUu gksus ds Øe esa fy[krs tkrs gSaA d{kk
dh izR;sd rhu ;k rhu ls de lSdUM ds le; esa gksus okyh ?kVuk dks Hkh vafdr fd;k tkrk gS vkSj bldks
uksV djds ;g ns[kk tkrk gS fd ;g ?kVuk@O;ogkj fdl oxZ ;k Js.kh esa vkrk gSA
,UMjlu us 1935] gsyu rFkk czwvj us 1945 rFkk esjh Úkafll us 1946 esa d{kkxr vUr%izfØ;k fo'ys"k.k ds
{ks=k esa dk;Z izkjEHk fd;kA fyfiV rFkk àkbV us 1943 esa dVZ yhfou dh enn ls fofHkUu izdkj ds usr`Ro
(Leadership) ds izHkkoksa dk vè;;u fd;kA fo<ky (1949) us 'kkfCnd dFkuksa dks lkr oxks± esa foHkkftr
fd;k vkSj d{kkxr okrkoj.k dk vè;;u djus ds fy, ,d lkr oxhZ; bUMSDl (Index) fodflr fd;kA 1950
esa jkcVZ csYl us vUr%fØ;k fo'ys"k.k dks ,d vuqlaèkku rduhd ds :i esa iz;ksx fd;kA
1951 esa ,u- ,- ÝySUMj (N.A. Flander) us f'k{kd O;ogkj ds vè;;u osQ fy;s nl oxZ@Js.kh iz.kkyh dh
jpuk dhA ;g iz.kkyh feuhlksVk ;wfuo£lVh esa fodflr dh x;h tks vkt lokZfèkd izpfyr gSA
ÝySUMj ds 'kksèk dk;Z ds i'pkr~ vusd 'kksèkdrkZvksa us bl {ks=k esa dk;Z izkjEHk fd;kA
fjpMZ vksoj us 1967&68 esa ÝySUMj dh oxZ@Js.kh iz.kkyh esa lqèkkj djosQ ^ikjLifjd oxZ iz.kkyh*
(Reciprocal Category System) dk fodkl fd;kA bl iz.kkyh esa 19 oxZ@Jsf.k;k¡ j[kh x;ha tks
fØ;k&izfrfØ;k (Action-reaction) nksuksa dh Jsf.k;k¡ FkhaA blhfy;s vksoj us bldk uke ikjLifjd oxZ iz.kkyh
j[kkA blesa f'k{kd vkSj Nk=k] nksuksa dh fØ;k@izfrfØ;k vafdr dh tkrh gSaA
czkmu] vkscj rFkk lkSj us 1968 esa ^KkukRed O;ogkj oxhZdj.k* (Taxonomy of Cognitive Behaviour)
fofèk fodflr dhA
1970 esa oSUVys rFkk feycj (Bentlay and Milber) us ^leku dFku iz.kkyh* (Equivalent Talk
Category System) fodflr fd;k] ftlesa KkukRed O;ogkj ds vè;;u ds fy;s nl oxZ@Js.kh cukbZ x;haA
bu nl Jsf.k;ksa dh lgk;rk ls ^KkukRed vUr%izfØ;k* (Cognitive Interaction) dk fujh{k.k ,oa ewY;kadu
fd;k tkrk gSA
140 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY