Page 257 - DEDU403_EDUCATIONAL_TECHNOLOGY_HINDI

'kSf{kd rduhdh

uksV osQ izR;sd in esa ,slh O;oLFkk gksrh gS ftlls fdu Nk=k dh fiNyh vuqfØ;k;sa vkxs dh vuqfØ;kvksa ls lEcU/
LFkkfir djrs gq, Nk=kksa dks izxfr iFk ij /hjs&/hjs vkxs c<+krh tk;saA
(10) mÙkjksÙkj lehirk (Successive Approximation)µvfHkØfer vuqns'ku lkexzh esa vf/xedrkZ
igys tks vuqfØ;k;sa djrk gS] mls iqucZfyr fd;k tkrk gSA vfUre O;ogkj rd igq¡pus osQ fy, ftu&ftu
fØ;kvksa dh t:jr iM+rh gS mUgsa NksVs&NksVs inksa dh rk£dd Øec¼ O;oLFkk osQ vuqlkj ck¡V fn;k tkrk gSA
izR;sd in ij iqucZyu iznku djrs gq, mÙkjksÙkj lehirk osQ vk/kj ij vf/xedrkZ dh vuqfØ;kvksa dks vfUre
O;ogkj osQ lehi igq¡pkrs gSaA
(11) funku rFkk mipkj (Diagnosis and Remediation)µfunku rFkk mipkj osQ fl¼kUr ls vfHkizk;
gS Nk=kksa dh dfBukb;ksa] detksfj;ksa dk funku djosQ mudh vko';drkvksa rFkk detksfj;ksa ,oa dfBukb;ksa osQ
vuqlkj mUgsa mipkjkRed vuqns'ku iznku djukA Nk=kksa dk mudh O;fDrxr fHkUurkvksa osQ vk/kj ij mipkj fd;k
tkuk pkfg,A 'kk[kh; (Branching) vfHkØfer vuqns'ku esa ;fn Nk=k xyr vuqfØ;k djrk gS] rc mldh
dfBukbZ] xyrh ;k detksjh dk irk pyrk gS] ftlosQ fy;s mls =kqfV&i`"B ij mipkjkRed vuqns'ku izkIr gksrk
gS vkSj og xyrh lq/kjus osQ fy;s mi;qDr funsZ'k Hkh lkexzh ls izkIr djrk gSA
(12) vojksg Ük`a[kyk (Retrogressive Chain)µfuiq.krk (Mastery) Lrj rd igq¡pus osQ fy, js[kh;
vfHkØfer vuqns'ku esa vkjksgh Üka`[kyk (Progressive Chain) dk vuqdj.k fd;k tkrk gS ijUrq
Vh- ,iQ- fxycVZ (T.F. Gilbert) us vius vuqns'ku esa vojksg Üka`[kyk (Retrogressive chain) dk iz;ksx
fd;kA bl Üka`[kyk esa vkjksg Üka`[kyk osQ foijhr] Üka`[kyk osQ vafre fcUnq ls 'kq: djrs gSa vkSj Üka`[kyk osQ izkjEHk
ij igq¡p dj var djrs gSaA tSls mYVh fxufr;k¡ ;k igkM+s ;kn djuk (100 ls 'kq: djosQ 1 rd vkuk)A ;g
Üka`[kyk xf.kr esa vf/d mi;ksxh ik;h x;h gSA
(13) vfHkØfer ikB~;&oLrq (Programmed Text)µ“Programmed text is a set of programmed
learning materials produced in the form of a printed text”.

js[kh; vfHkØfer vuqns'ku esa ikB~;&oLrq dks NksVs&NksVs inksa esa ck¡Vk tkrk gS] ftlesa izR;sd in osQ fy;s Nk=kksa
dks vuqfØ;k djuh iM+rh gSA ;gh ^js[kh; vfHkØfer ikB~;&oLrq* dgykrh gSA ^'kkL=kh; vfHkØfer vuqns'ku
lkexzh* esa nks izdkj osQµ(1) x`g i`"B (Home Page) rFkk (2) =kqfV i`"B (Wrong Page) gksrs gSaµtks
feydj ^LozSQEcYM* ikB~;&oLrq (Scrambled Text) dgykrh gSA

(14) Nk=k&fu;fU=kr vuqns'ku (Learner Controlled Instruction)µ;g laizR;; jkcVZ esxj dh nsu gSA
bl vuqns'ku esa Nk=kksa dks iwjk egÙo fn;k tkrk gSA vfHkØfer vuqns'ku lkexzh rS;kj djus esa ^Nk=k fu;fU=kr*
vuqns'ku Øe vU; fdlh vf/xe Øe dh rqyuk esa vf/d izHkko'kkyh gSA vr% bldk iz;ksx vuqns'ku lkexzh
cukrs le; 'kq: esa djuk pkfg;s] ckn esa mís';ksa ls lEcU/ LFkkfir djrs gq, vkxs c<+rs tkuk pkfg;sA blosQ
}kjk vuqns'ku dks Nk=k&osQfUnzr cukus esa lgk;rk feyrh gSA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

2- fuEufyf[kr dFkuksa esa lR; vFkok vlR; dh igpku djsa
(State whether the following statements are True or False):

(i) ,slh ifjfLFkfr] ?kVuk ;k O;fDr vFkok okrkoj.k esa ifjorZu] ;fn Nk=kksa osQ O;ogkj esa Hkh ifjorZu
ykrs gSa] rks mUgsa míhiu dgk tkrk gSA
(ii) vuqfØ;k O;ogkj dh og bdkbZ gS tks ljy O;ogkjksa dk fuekZ.k djrh gSA
(iii) vfofPNUu iqucZyu esa Nk=k vuqfØ;k djrs jgrs gSa rFkk vuqfØ;k osQ i'pkr~ iqucZyu nsus dh O;oLFkk
gksrh gSA

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