Page 27 - DEDU503_EDUCATIONAL_MANAGEMENT_ENGLISH

Unit 2: Process of Educational Management

• The leading step involves the various type of instructions and teaching tactics. Notes
• Fourth Step : Controlling : Controlling is also the duty of a teacher. Teaching is incomplete
without this step. The teacher takes decision about the success of organizing and leading steps
that how far these activities of teaching can be achieved the learning-objectives.
• The new concept of management of teaching-learning. Davies calls the teacher as a manager
because he has to organise teaching activities first and then he has to perform these activities in
the teaching process.
• It includes both the structures of the machinery process. Organisation, as a structure is a pattern
of relationships. It is the positioning of the workers through whom effort will flow, i.e., the
assignment of duties and responsibilities, the coordination and integration of activities of all
the persons engaged in the pursuit, the tool for attaining the objectives.
• Organisation can be of two types :
(i) The Formal Organisation : It is established by law and custom and the informal is the man-
to-man relationship.
(ii) The Informal Organization : It is the human factor and related to the reaction of persons to
each other and to the activity.
A good establishes both formal and informal organisations. He should set up the formal in
keeping with the requirements of the task and also develop informal to reinforce efforts and
activities.
• Basic Principles of Organization
• The basic principle of good organisation :
(i) It should not be static; organisation needs continuous reorganisation.
(ii) It should be flexible so as to improve both relationships and standards of efficiency.
• In the narrow or specific-sense, direction is only a part of the activity. It begins with the start of
the act, indicates what is to be done and ends when the activity is over. In the broad general
sense, direction means the responsibility for running a number of activities as a whole, in order
to achieve certain result.
• Direction depends on several factors, such as the prevalent circumstances, staff, equipment,
finances, etc., as well as the knowledge and skill of the administrator.
• Direction is not merely to point the way, but also to compel action.
• It is the process of directing or guiding an activity and also judging it. It is closely related to the
elements of the administrative process, such as planning, organisation, etc., and contribute to
these elements. Control is the application of the power and authority to hold the workers
responsible for their actions. Control is require in all spheres of the educative process, aims and
objectives, teachers and students, instruction and equipment, finance and purpose, e.g., for
control of finance we need the budget, accounts and auditing.
• Control has four aspects —the power that controls, the device of using the power, the process
of applying the power, and the purpose for using the power. For applying control, we first
determine the point where it is needed.
• Control involves both power and devices. The power of control are legal authority social custom,
superior knowledge of facts and principles and personal attitudes developed by professional
training and ethics.
• Control involves the human element. Men act under the pressure of power and authority, no
doubt.
• Evaluating Functions
• It is an important part of the administrative process. It is based on the assumption that
performance can be measured and compared with set standards or values. Evaluation permeates
the whole administrative process and is continuous.
• Advantages of Evaluation

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