Page 15 - DEDU504_EDUCATIONAL_MEASUREMENT_AND_EVALUATION_HINDI

bdkbZ—1% 'kSf{kd ijh{k.k rFkk ewY;kadu

(ii) lHkh fo"k;ksa osQ fy;s mi;qDr (Suitable for all Subjects)μbu ijh{kkvksa dk iz;ksx izR;sd fo"k; osQ uksV
ekiu osQ fy;s fd;k tk ldrk gSA oqQN gh ,slh ;ksX;rk;sa rFkk dkS'ky gSa ftuosQ ekiu osQ fy;s oLrqfu"B
ijh{kk;sa vko';d gSa vU;Fkk ;s ikB~;Øe osQ izR;sd fo"k; osQ ekiu gsrq mi;qDr gSaA
(iii) vè;;u djus dh vPNh vknr dk fodkl (Development of Good Study Habits)μ;s ijh{kk;sa
fo|k£Fk;ksa esa izR;sd ikB dh :ijs[kk cukus rFkk Kku osQ fofHkUu vaxksa esa lEcUèk LFkkfir djus osQ fy;s
,slh izo`fÙk;ksa dks izsj.kk nsrh gS tks muosQ fy;s ykHknk;d fl¼ gksrh gSA blls fo|k£Fk;ksa esa vPNh vknr
dk fodkl gksrk gSA
(iv) ekufld ;ksX;rkvksa dk ekiu (Measurement of Mental Abilities)μfo|k£Fk;ksa dh fopkj] roZQ]

vfHkO;atu rFkk vkykspuk vkfn ekufld ;ksX;rkvksa dk ekiu osQoy fucUèkkRed ijh{kkvksa }kjk gh lEHko
gS] oLrqfu"B ijh{kkvksa }kjk ughaA Li"V gS fd ;s ijh{kk;sa fo|k£Fk;ksa dh ekufld ;ksX;rkvksa rFkk 'kfDr;ksa
osQ ekiu esa iw.kZ:is.k fl¼ gksrh gSA
(v) rF;ksa dk nwljh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa iz;ksx (Test Application of Knowledge in Different Spheres)μbu
ijh{kkvksa osQ iz'u o.kZu djks] Li"V djksa] foospuk djks] lekykspuk djks rFkk dkj.k crkvks vkfn ls vkjEHk
gksrs gSaA blls fo|kFkhZ tgk¡ ,d vkSj rF;ksa dk o.kZu djrs gSa ogha nwljh vksj os mudks nwljh ifjfLFkfr;ksa
esa iz;ksx djuk Hkh lh[k tkrs gSaA blls bl ckr dk ekiu vklkuh ls fd;k tk ldrk gS fd fo|kFkhZ rF;ksa
dk o.kZu djus osQ lkFk&lkFk mUgsa nwljh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa oSQls iz;ksx djrs gSaA
(vi) Hkk"kk rFkk 'kSyh esa lqèkkj fuf'pr (Definite Improvement in Language and Style)μbu ijh{kkvksa
es fo|k£Fk;ksa dks Hkk"kk osQ fy[kus ij vfèkd cy fn;k tkrk gSA blls mudh Hkk"kk rFkk 'kSyh esa lqèkkj gksuk
fuf'pr gSA ;g ckr oLrqfu"B ijh{kkvksa }kjk lEHko ugha gSA
(vii) f'k{kd dh oqQ'kyrk dk ekiu (Measurement of Teacher’s Efficiency)μbu ijh{kkvksa }kjk tgk¡
,d vkSj fo|k£Fk;ksa dh ekufld 'kfDr;ksa dk ekiu gksrk gS] ogk¡ nwljh vkSj buosQ }kjk f'k{kd dh f'k{k.k
;kstuk] oqQ'kyrk ,oa iVqrk dk ekiu Hkh ljyrkiwoZd gks tkrk gSA
(viii) lqfoèkktud (Convenient)μbu ijh{kkvksa osQ iz'u&i=k cukus rFkk iz'uksa dks tk¡pus esa fdlh fo'ks"k
;ksX;rk ifjJe dh vko';drk ugha gksrhA ;gh ugha] bu ijh{kkvksa esa dksbZ ,sls fo'ks"k funsZ'k Hkh ugha gksrs
ftUgsa fo|kFkhZ u le> losaQA bl n`f"V ls fucUèkkRed ijh{kk;sa f'k{kdksa rFkk fo|k£Fk;ksa nksuksa osQ fy;s
lqfoèkktud gSA
(ix) mÙkj dh LorU=krk (Freedom of Response)μbu ijh{kkvksa esa fo|k£Fk;ksa dks vius fopkjksa dh roZQ iw.kZ
<ax ls O;Dr djus dh LorU=krk gksrh gSA oLrqfu"B ijh{kkvksa esa fo|k£Fk;ksa dh roZQ&foroZQ djus dh LorU=krk
ugha gksrhA
(x) le;] Je rFkk èku dh ferO;f;rk (Economy of Time Labour and Money)μbu ijh{kkvksa dk
ewY;kadu ,d gh le; esa gksrk gSA mudh mÙkj&iqfLrdvkssa dk ekiu Hkh ,d gh LkkFk gksrk gSA lkFk gh
mudh liQyrk rFkk vliQyrk osQ lEcUèk esa fcuk fdlh dfBukbZ osQ Hkfo";ok.kh Hkh dh tk ldrh gSA
mDr lHkh ckrksa esa le;] Je rFkk èku dh ferO;f;rk gksrh gSA

1-3 'kSf{kd ijh{k.k dh leL;k,¡ (Issues of Educational Testing)

mi;qZDr xq.kksa osQ gksrs gq;s Hkh fucUèkkRed ijh{kk;sa fo|k£Fk;ksa dh lHkh fu"ifÙk;ksa dk ekiu ugha dj ikrhaA
fuEufyf[kr iafDr;ksa esa ge bu ijh{kkvksa osQ nks"kksa ij izdk'k Mky jgs gSaμ
(i) Li"V ifjHkkf"kr mís';ksa dh deh (Lack of Clearly Defined Objectives)μ ijh{kkvksa esa Li"V
ifjHkkf"kr mís';ksa dh deh gksrh gSA fo|kFkhZ bl ckr dks vUr rd ugha le> ikrs fd ijh{kd egksn;
vkf[kj fdl pht dk ekiu djuk pkgrs gSaA

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