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fJekJh^7L ftPtk;:'rsk ^ fe;wK, ftXhnK ns/ T[g:'frsk
fJekJh^7L ftPtk;:'rsk ^ fe;wK, ftXhnK ns/ T[g:'frsk
fJekJh^7L ftPtk;:'rsk ^ fe;wK, ftXhnK ns/ T[g:'frsk
fJekJh^7L ftPtk;:'rsk ^ fe;wK, ftXhnK ns/ T[g:'frsk
fJekJh^7L ftPtk;:'rsk ^ fe;wK, ftXhnK ns/ T[g:'frsk
wzB bU fJ~e N?;N d/ d' GkrK dk ftPtk;:'rsk r[DKe r = .75 j?. fJ; nkXko s/ g{o/ N?;N dk È؇
ftPtk;:'rsk r[DKe j't/rkL
×
2.75 1.50
r = = = .9 (brGr)
1.75 1.75
+
noEks, g{o/ N?;N dk ftPtk;:'rsk r[DKe 0H9 j't/rk (brGr).
;hwktK
;hwktK
;hwktK
;hwktK
;hwktK
(e) fJ; ftXh dh fJj ;hwk j? fe N?;N ft~u w"ek rbsh g?dk j' ;edh j?, fijVh r dk w[~b d'jK GkrK
ft~u tXk fdzdh j?.
(y) fJ; ftXh Bz{ rsh N?;NK ft~u gq:'r eoBk ;zGt BjhA feUAfe T[ZE/ gqPBK dk efmBsk ;so ;wkB
“noX^ftGkiB ftXh Bz{ T[Zu rsh tkb/ N?;NK T[Zs/ gq:'r
“noX^ftGkiB ftXh Bz{ T[Zu rsh tkb/ N?;NK T[Zs/ gq:'r
“noX^ftGkiB ftXh Bz{ T[Zu rsh tkb/ N?;NK T[Zs/ gq:'r
j[zdk j?. BBbh B/ th fejk j?L “noX^ftGkiB ftXh Bz{ T[Zu rsh tkb/ N?;NK T[Zs/ gq:'r“noX^ftGkiB ftXh Bz{ T[Zu rsh tkb/ N?;NK T[Zs/ gq:'r
eoBk Gqkwe j' ;edk j?.”
eoBk Gqkwe j' ;edk j?.”
eoBk Gqkwe j' ;edk j?.”
eoBk Gqkwe j' ;edk j?.”
eoBk Gqkwe j' ;edk j?.”
(r) fJ~e N?;N Bz{ eJh ftXhnK d[nkok d' GkrK ft~u tzfvnk ik ;edk j?. fJ; bJh, ftPtk;:'rsk r[DKe
fGzB ftXhnK d[nkok ftGkfis eoD Bkb fGzB j' ;edk j?. fJ; soK d/ r[DKe dh e'Jh ehws BjhA
j[zdh.
(x) eJh tko, fJ~e N?;N d/ d' Gkr ;iksh BjhA j[zd/.
(R) fJ; N?;N ft~u, ftPtk;:'rsk dk nkXko n~Xk N?;N j?, ukj/ fJ; dh ftPtk;:'rsk g{o/ N?;N bJh
frDh iKdh j?. fJ; bJh, fJ; fdqPNhe'D s'A, noX^ftGkfis N?;N fJ; dh ftPtk;:'rsk xNk fdzdk
j?.
r[D
r[D
r[D
r[D
r[D
(e) fJ; ftXh dk w[~y r[D j? fe fJj nfXe ;wK ns/ T{oik BjhA b?Adh. fJ~e ;w{j Bz{ fJ~e N?;N fJ~e
tko jh fd~sk iKdk j?. fJ; bJh, nfijh ;fEsh ft~u, fi~E/ d[pkok N?;N ;zGt Bk j't/, Bk jh d'
;wkBKso N?;N pDkUDk iK ;iksh N?;N pDkUDk ;zGt j't/, fJj ftXh wj~stg{oD j' iKdh j?.
nfijh ;fEsh T[d'A g?dk j[zdh j? id'A fJ~e gqdoPB N?;N iK ftnefs~st N?;N dh ftPtk;:'rsk dh
rDBk ehsh ikDh j[zdh j? feUAfe fJj d' soK d/ N?;N ;wkBKso iK ;iksh o{g ft~u BjhA pDkJ/ ik
;ed/ ns/ Bk jh d[pkok N?;N bJh fd~s/ ik ;ed/ jB. T[dkjoD bJh, Rorschach N?;N iK TAT
N?;N. fJ; s'A fJbktk, fJj ftXh ywsk ns/ fdbu;gh dh rDBk eoD bJh th ;Nhe j?.
(y) feUAfe d't/A Gkr fJ~e' jh ;w/A d/ nk:'fis j[zd/ jB, ;wK nzsokb, nfGnk;, :kddkPs nkfd dk
;e'oK T[Zs/ e'Jh gqGkt BjhA j[zdk.
j'fJs dh ftPtk;:'rsk
j'fJs dh ftPtk;:'rsk
j'fJs dh ftPtk;:'rsk
j'fJs dh ftPtk;:'rsk
j'fJs dh ftPtk;:'rsk
j'fJs
j'fJs
j'fJs
e[d/o^fouov;B dh soK, j'fJs j'fJs (1941) B/ th ftPtk;:'rsk r[DKe gsk eoD dh fJ~e ftXh b~Gh. fJ;
ftXh nB[;ko, fJ~e ftnesh dh fJ~e wd s'A d{ih wd ft~u T[gbpXh ft~u wsG/d iK ftubD rbshnK
BjhA jB, gqzs{ Uj n;b wsG/d jB fiBK Bz{ n;hA nzso^ftnesh wsG/d efjzd/ jK.
j'fJs B/ ftPtk;:'rsk Bz{ fJ; soK gfoGkfPs ehsk j?L
j'fJs
j'fJs
j'fJs
j'fJs
“HHHH e[b d/fynk ftubD fszB xNeK dk pfDnk j'fJnk wzfBnk ik ;edk j?, ;~u/
“HHHH e[b d/fynk ftubD fszB xNeK dk pfDnk j'fJnk wzfBnk ik ;edk j?, ;~u/
“HHHH e[b d/fynk ftubD fszB xNeK dk pfDnk j'fJnk wzfBnk ik ;edk j?, ;~u/
“HHHH e[b d/fynk ftubD fszB xNeK dk pfDnk j'fJnk wzfBnk ik ;edk j?, ;~u/
“HHHH e[b d/fynk ftubD fszB xNeK dk pfDnk j'fJnk wzfBnk ik ;edk j?, ;~u/
nzso^ftnesh wsG/d, nzso ftnesh wsG/d (wd ftubD d[nkok wkg/ rJ/) ns/ rbsh
nzso^ftnesh wsG/d, nzso ftnesh wsG/d (wd ftubD d[nkok wkg/ rJ/) ns/ rbsh
nzso^ftnesh wsG/d, nzso ftnesh wsG/d (wd ftubD d[nkok wkg/ rJ/) ns/ rbsh
nzso^ftnesh wsG/d, nzso ftnesh wsG/d (wd ftubD d[nkok wkg/ rJ/) ns/ rbsh
nzso^ftnesh wsG/d, nzso ftnesh wsG/d (wd ftubD d[nkok wkg/ rJ/) ns/ rbsh
nzso ftnesh wsG/d.”
nzso ftnesh wsG/d.”
nzso ftnesh wsG/d.”
nzso ftnesh wsG/d.”
nzso ftnesh wsG/d.”
T[go'es gfoGkPk fBwB ;wheoD d[nkok toDB ehsh ik ;edh j?L
2
σ = σ + t 2 σ 2 i σ + e 2
x
2
fi~E/, σ = ;e'oK ft~u ftubD
x
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