Page 90 - DSOC402_SOCIOLOGY_OF_KINSHIP_HINDI

bdkbZ—11: ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk esa {ks=kh; fofHkUurk vkSj mlosQ lkekftd&lkaLÑfrd lg&laca/

(i) fir`oa'k uksV
ukrsnkjh oxZ esa cgqr cM+k lewg fir`oa'k dk gSA mÙkj Hkkjr esa ,dyoa'kh; ijEijk (Unilineal) gSA tc oa'k
dk irk osQoy ,d oa'k ijEijk osQ ekè;e ls gksrk gS rks mls ,dyoa'kh; ijEijk dgrs gSaA fir`oa'k ijEijk firk
ls iq=k dks tkrh gSA bl lewg osQ lnL; ,d&nwljs dks lgk;rk nsrs gSa ysfdu dHkh&dHkh lEifÙk dks ysdj nksuksa
esa la?k"kZ Hkh gksrk gSA la?k"kZ osQ gksrs gq, de ls de èkeZ fofèk;ksa esa rks fir`oa'kh; lewg osQ lnL; ,d&nwljs dh
lgk;rk djrs gSaA gekjs lkeus ysfol] feuVuZ] fgpdkd] csjseu vkSj fudkyl vkfn osQ oqQN vè;;u gSa tks
crkrs gSa fd mÙkj Hkkjr esa èkeZ fofèk;ksa esa ,d&nwljs dh cM+h lgk;rk djrs gSaA
fir`oa'k osQ lkFk esa mÙkjkfèkdkj osQ fu;e Hkh tqM+s jgrs gSaA bl {ks=k esa lEifÙk dk gLrkUrj.k fir`oa'k ijEijk ij
vkèkkfjr gksrk gSA gksrk ;g gS fd bl oa'k osQ lnL; vkfFkZd vkSj dkuwuh :i ls ifjokj dh lEifÙk esas viuk
;ksxnku nsrs gSaA
(ii) xks=k
oa'k ijEijk ,d cfgfoZokgh lewg gSA bldk vFkZ ;g gS fd ,d gh oa'k osQ yM+osQ&yM+dh vkil esa fookg ugha
dj ldrsA lkekU; :i ls ,slh bdkbZ ftlesa fookg ugha fd;k tk ldrk mls lkekftd ekuo'kkL=k esa Dyku
(Clan) dgrs gSaaA fgUnw tkfr;ksa esa bls xks=k dgrs gSaA xks=k dk lkekU; vFkZ iwoZt ls tksM+k tkrk gSA ij dbZ ckj
xks=k dkYifud Hkh gksrk gSA xks=k vkSj oa'k ijEijk esas cM+k vUrj gSA xks=k rks okLrfod iwoZt gksrk gS] tcfd
oa'k dkYifud gksrk gSA bl vUrj osQ gksrs gq, Hkh xks=k vkSj oa'k cfgfoZokgh lewg osQ egÙoiw.kZ lnL; gksrs
gSaA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iwfrZ djsaµ
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1- Hkkjrh; lekt dks le>us osQ fy, Hkk"kk vkSj ifjokj cgqr gSaA
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2- bl {ks=k dh Hkk"kk,¡ Hkk"kk ifjokj dh bl laLÑfr us bl {ks=k dks ,d gh ukrsnkjh O;oLFkk osQ gksrs
gq, Hkh ;gk¡ 'kCnksa dh lajpuk esa FkksM+s cgqr vUrj fn[kkbZ gSA
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3- xks=k rks okLrfod iwoZt gksrk gS] tcfd dkYifud gksrk gSA
(iii) tkfr vkSj mitkfr
oa'k ijEijk rFkk xks=k osQ vfrfjDr ,d gh xk¡o osQ vFkok fudV osQ xk¡o okys tkfr lewgksa osQ ifjokjksa esa ukrsnkjh
i¼fr dk rkuk&ckuk iQSyk gksrk gSA bu tkfr;ksa esa vUrfoZokg gksrk gSA gj tkfr mitkfr;ksa esa c¡Vh gksrh gS vkSj
gj mitkfr ,d tkfr dh lEiw.kZ Hkwfedk,¡ gSA mi tkfrxr ukrsnkjksa esa gesa mu O;fDr;ksa dks Hkh lfEefyr djuk
pkfg;s tks fookg osQ ekè;e ls lEcUèkh cus gSaA vFkZ ;g gS fd gekjs fookg lEcUèkh gekjh tkfr ;k mitkfr
osQ gksrs gSaA ;s ukrsnkj ek¡ dh vksj ls gksrs gSa rks mUgsa ekr`d ukrsnkj (Uterine Kin) dgrs gSa vkSj tks ukrsnkj
iRuh osQ ekè;e ls curs gSa mudks ge fookg lEcUèk ls mits ukrsnkj (Affinal Kin) dgrs gSaA ekr`d vkSj
fookg lEcUèkh ukrsnkj oa'k ijEijk ;k xks=k osQ ukrsnkj ugha gksrsA muls ;g vis{kk dh tkrh gS fd os ;fn lEHko
gks rc gekjh lgk;rk djsaA
2- ukrsnkjh 'kCnkoyh (Kinship Vocabulary)

ukrsnkjh dh ,d fof'k"V 'kCnkoyh gksrh gSA ;g 'kCnkoyh gekjs lkekftd lEcUèkksa dks crkrh gSA tgk¡ ,d vksj
'kCnkoyh gekjs tSfodh; rFkk lkekftd lEcUèkksa dks crkrh gS ogha og gekjs lkekftd thou osQ lEiw.kZ n'kZu
dks le>us esa Hkh enn nsrh gSA vktdy rks mÙkj lajpukoknh (Post-structuralist) bl ckr ij tksj nsrs
gSa fd Hkk"kk dh lajpuk dh rjg ukrsnkjh dh Hkh ,d fuf'pr lajpuk gksrh gSA blh dkj.k ukrsnkjh 'kCnkoyh
dk vè;;u Hkk"kk vkSj laLÑfr osQ lkFk ljksdkj j[krk gSA

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