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lkekftd 'kks/ dh i¼fr

uksV esa ftldk fd og vè;;u dj jgk gksrk gS] ogh ?kVuk,¡ o ifjfLFkfr;k¡ ?kfVr ugha gksrh gSaA bl izdkj
vizkekf.kd fu"d"kZ izkIr gksrs gSaA
7- vfèkd le; o èku (More time and money)µbl i¼fr esa oqQN O;fDrxr fLFkfr;ksa (individual
cases) ;k O;fDr;ksa osQ vè;;u esa dkiQh le; yxrk gSA bruk gh ugha] le; osQ lkFk&lkFk gksus okyk O;;
Hkh vfèkd gksrk gSA blfy, ;g fofèk vR;fèkd [kphZyh o le; ysus okyh gSA

8- lhfer vè;;u (Limited study)µvR;fèkd le; o èku yxus osQ ckotwn Hkh bl fofèk }kjk lhfer
bdkb;ksa dk osQoy xq.kkRed vè;;u gh gks ikrk gSA bl n`f"V ls ;g lhfer vè;;u okyh i¼fr gSA
9- nks"kiw.kZ thou&bfrgkl (Defective life history)µthou&bfrgkl bl fofèk esa lwpuk&ladyu osQ
egÙoiw.kZ Ïksr gSa ysfdu thou&bfrgkl Hkh dHkh&dHkh nks"kiw.kZ o voSKkfud gksrs gSaA O;fDr;ksa }kjk Lo;a fy[ks
tkus osQ dkj.k ?kVukvksa dks c<+k&p<+kdj fy[kk tkrk gS vkSj lkèkkj.kr;k O;fDr viuh ilan dh ?kVukvksa dks
fy[krk gSA ,slh fLFkfr esa lkekU;hdj.k o fu"d"kZ esa voSKkfudrk dk lekos'k gksuk LokHkkfod gSA

10- Jh jhM csu (Read bain)µus oS;fDrd thou vè;;u i¼fr osQ fuEu nks"k crk;s gSaµ
(v) ;g ?kVuk osQ ckjs esa voS;fDrd] loZekU; uSfrd vkèkkj ls ;qDr vO;kogkfjd] vko`fÙk;qDr lwpuk ugha nsrh gSA
(c) lacafèkr O;fDr lgh lwpuk nsus osQ LFkku ij og lwpuk ns nsrk gS tks mldh le> esa vuqlaèkkudrkZ pkgrk gSA

(l) mÙkjnkrk rF; crykus osQ LFkku ij vkReleFkZu dh vksj fo'ks"k rkSj ls izo`Ùk gks ldrk gSA
(n) yksxksa dh lkfgfR;d Hkkouk mUgsa rF;ksa dks vfrjaftr djosQ okLrfod rF;ksa dks NksM+ nsus rFkk dkYifud
rF;ksa dks lfEefyr djus osQ fy, izsfjr dj ldrh gSA
(;) blosQ vkadM+s izk;% rqyukRed ugha gksrsA

VkLd oS;fDrd thou vè;;u i¼fr dh lhek,¡ D;k gS\ foLrkjiwoZd o.kZu djsaA

21-9 ewY;kadu (Evaluation)

mijksDr foospu ls Li"V gS fd lkekftd vuqlaèkku esa oS;fDrd thou vè;;u i¼fr dk egÙoiw.kZ LFkku gS
ysfdu bl egÙoiw.kZ LFkku osQ lkFk&lkFk bl i¼fr dh viuh oqqQN lhek,¡ o nks"k Hkh gSaA lhekvksa ;k nks"kksa dks
vuqHkoh o oqQ'ky vuqlaèkkudrkZ dkiQh lhek rd nwj Hkh dj ldrk gSA loZJh jkstlZ (Carl Rogers), es;ks
(Elton Mayo), dksekjksoLdh (Mirra Komarovsky), fdUls (Kinsey), MksykMZ (Dollard) vkfn fo}kuksa
us bl i¼fr esa lacafèkr vkadM+ksa osQ ladyu] laiknu fofèk;ksa] ys[ku vkfn esa vusdksa egÙoiw.kZ lqèkkj fd;s gSa
vkSj bl fofèk esa fujarj lqèkkj gks jgs gSaA

vius ns'k esa bl i¼fr osQ nks"kksa dks ns[kdj izk;% vuqlaèkkudrkZ bl i¼fr dks viukus esa fgpfdpkrs gSaA okLro
esa ;g n`f"Vdks.k Bhd ugha gS D;ksafd blosQ nks"kksa dks dkiQh lhek rd izf'kf{kr] oqQ'ky ,oa vuqHkoh
vuqlaèkkudrkZvksa }kjk nwj fd;k tk ldrk gSA oqQN Hkh gks] bls lkekftd vuqlaèkku dh ,d i¼fr osQ :i esa
vLohdkj ugha fd;k tk ldrk D;ksafd lkekftd ?kVukvksa dh xq.kkRed i¼fr dks ns[krs gq,] xgu o lw{e
vè;;u djus okyh ;gh ,dek=k iz.kkyh gSA vr% ;g dguk gh vfèkd mi;qDr gSµ¶oS;fDrd vè;;u i¼fr
osQ fojksèk esa pkgs oqQN Hkh dgk x;k gks] ij ;g lR; gS fd lkekftd okrkoj.k osQ vè;;u esa ;g iz.kkyh
vkèkkjHkwr jgsxhA¸

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