Page 113 - DMGT518_TRAINING_AND_DEVELOPMENT_SYSTEM

Training and Development System

Notes maximize the motivation for learning by creating the culture and climate conducive to
such motivation.
(ii) The system of the teaching/training technology is concerned with the mechanics of
teaching/training. Methodology and aids help in various aspects of learning. However,
the main function of this system is to help assimilation and stabilization of learning
through practices and application.
(iii) The trainer/teacher is certainly an important person in this whole cycle, and is the main
representative of the influence system. Although other elements also produce influence,
the main impact is made by the teacher/trainer through his behaviour, values, and
competence. The way the trainer/teacher influences the learner may determine the
effectiveness of learning to a great extent.
(iv) The last, but certainly the most important element in the process of learning is the learner.
The learner makes use of the other systems. His main function is the development and
effective use of processes. Process is the dynamic system of various procedures used in
assimilating, internalizing, using, and creating learning. This system may therefore be
called the process system.

Figure above gives the management process of learning, and the interrelationships among the
four elements. As may be seen from the figure, the most important element directly contributing
to effective learning is the process system. All the other three systems contribute to learning,
through this system. In other words, all other systems may be able to influence learning only by
contributing to the development of an effective process and helping the learner to do so. The
process system consists of discovery and experimentation by the learner, collaborative learning,
and the development of a person’s own small learning systems.
Another important feature of the interrelationship among the four elements is that while three
elements - the endosystem, the process, and the influence of trainer/teacher - make mutual
contributions, the mechanics of learning only receive contributions from the endosystem and
the trainer/teacher while being in a mutual relationship with the process system. This means
that the technology of training is not crucial in determining the effectiveness of learning. Because
of the glamour of technology, it may draw more attention; but it plays a limited, though
important role in making learning effective.

The Endosystem

The general atmosphere of the training institute communicates much more and with greater
impact than what is taught in the classroom. One of the main advantages of programmed
learning is that a learner does not feel threatened in committing mistakes. If learning cannot
provide challenge, it ceases to motivate. One way to produce a challenge is to encourage new
learning. Failure to achieve a goal, however challenging it may be, does not motivate.

The Mechanics of Learning

If the learner knows what he could not learn, and why, learning will be more effective. It is
important that feedback is given as close to the learning event as possible. The application of
learning implies the development of insight in the learner and an ability to respond to a situation
effectively. The learner should develop both, the motivation as well as the skills and capability
for self-learning. Learning can be more effective if the learner discovers knowledge rather than
getting it from the teacher/trainer. The learner should be helped to develop his own system of
self-learning. Learners learn not only from the teacher/trainer but also from one another.

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