Page 24 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—1:Hkkjrh; lafoèkku dh izLrkouk

laln rFkk foèkkuikfydkvksa esa vkj{k.k dh O;oLFkk osQ lkFk&lkFk ljdkjh ukSdfj;ksa vkSj vyx&vyx uksV
fo'ofo|ky;ksa vkSj O;kolkf;d laLFkkvksa esa Hkh vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa vkSj vuqlwfpr dchyksa osQ fy, ukSdfj;k¡
vkjf{kr j[kh tkrh gSaA lafoèkku vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa] vuqlwfpr dchyksa vkSj fiNM+h Jsf.;ksa dh fLFkfr dk yxkrkj
vkdyu djus osQ fy, ,d vk;ksx LFkkfir djus dh Hkh O;oLFkk dk izkoèkku djrk gSA ebZ] 1990 esa ,d
laoS/kfud la'kksèku osQ }kjk bl mís'; osQ fy, ,d vk;ksx LFkkfir fd;k x;kA vc ekuo vfèkdkjksa osQ ckjs
jk"Vªh; vk;ksx Hkh vuqlwfpr tkfr;ksa vkSj tutkfr;ksa ls lEcfUèkr yksxksa osQ vfèkdkjksa osQ mYya?ku ls lEcfUèkr
f'kdk;rksas dh tkap dj ldrk gSA

22- Hkk"kk ls lEcfUèkr O;oLFkk,¡ (Provisions regarding Language): lafoèkku osQUnz (la?k)]
Hkk"kk;h {ks=kksa] loksZPp U;k;ky;ksa vkSj mPp U;k;ky;ksa dh Hkk"kk ifjHkkf"kr djrk gSA vuqPNsn 343 esa fy[kk x;k
gS fd ns'k dh ljdkjh Hkk"kk nsoukxjh fyfi esa fgUnh gksxhA ijUrq blosQ lkFk gh ;g vaxzsth Hkk"kk tkjh j[kus dh
Hkh O;oLFkk djrk gSA gj ,d jkT; dh foèkkulHkk vius jkT; dh Hkk"kk dks ljdkjh Hkk"kk osQ :i esa Lohdkj
dj ldrh gSA loksZPp U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky; dh Hkk"kk vHkh Hkh vaxzs”kh cuh gqbZ gSA vuqPNsn 351 osQ
v/hu lafoèkku osQUnz (la?k) dks ;g vkns'k nsrk gS fd og fgUnh dks fodflr djs vkSj bldk iz;ksx yksdfiz;
cuk,A lafoèkku dh lkroha vuqlwph esa lafoèkku vc 22 izeq[k Hkkjrh; Hkk"kkvksa dks ekU;rk nsrk gS&vklkeh]
caxkyh] xqtjkrh] fganh] dUuM+] d'ehjh] ey;kye] ejkBh] mfM+;k] iatkch] usikyh] ef.kiqjh] dksaduh] laLo`Qr]
flaèkh] rfey] rsyqxw vkSj mnZw] Mksxjh] lUFkkyh] eSfFkyh vkfnA
23- vusd L=kksrksa ls rS;kj fd;k x;k lafoèkku (Constitution drawn from several sources):

Hkkjr dk lafoèkku rS;kj djrs le; blosQ fuekZrkvksa us vusd L=kksrksa dk iz;ksx fd;kA LorU=krk vkUnksyu us mu
ij èkeZ&fujis{krk] LorU=krk rFkk lekurk dks viukus osQ fy, izHkko MkykA mUgksaus Hkkjr ljdkj vfèkfu;e 1935
dh oqQN O;oLFkkvksa dk iz;ksx fd;k vkSj fons'kh lafoèkku dh dbZ fo'ks"krk,¡ dks Hkh mUgksaus viuk;kA lalnh;
iz.kkyh vkSj f}&lnuh; iz.kkyh viukus osQ fy, mudks fczfV'k lafo/ku us izHkkfor fd;kA vejhdh lafoèkku us
mudks x.kjkT;okn] U;k;ikfydk dh LorU=krk] U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k vkSj vfèkdkj&i=k viukus osQ i{k esa izHkkfor
fd;kA 1917 dh lektoknh ozQkfUr osQ i'pkr~ (HkwriwoZ) lksfo;r la?k (Erstwhile USSR) dh izxfr us
mudks viuk y{; lektokn fuf'pr djus osQ fy, izHkkfor fd;kA blh izdkj mudks oSQusMk] vkLVªsfy;k] osej
x.kjkT; (teZuh) vkSj vk;jySaM osQ lafoèkkuksa us Hkh izHkkfor fd;kA
26 tuojh] 1950 esa ykxw gksus osQ i'pkr~] Hkkjr dk lafoèkku dbZ L=kksrksa ls fodflr gksrk jgk gS& lalnh; dkuwu]
U;kf;d fu.kZ;] ijEijk,¡] oSKkfud O;k[;k,¡ vkSj lafoèkku fuekZ.k lHkk osQ fjdkMZ Hkh blosQ lzksr cus gSaA Hkkjrh;
lafoèkku u rks mèkkjksa dk FkSyk gS] u dksbZ vk;kr fd;k x;k lafoèkku vkSj u gh ;g Hkkjr ljdkj vf/fu;e 1935
dk Ük`axkfjr vkSj foLr`r Lo:i gSA lafoèkku fuekZrkvksa us fons'kh lafoèkkuksa ;k Hkkjr ljdkj vf/fu;e 1935 osQ
izHkko vèkhu laoSèkkfud fo'ks"krk,¡ vkSj O;oLFkk,¡ viukrs le; lnSo gh budks Hkkjrh; vko';drkvksa vkSj
bPNkvksa vuqowQy <kykA

bu fo'ks"krkvksa osQ dkj.k gh Hkkjr dk lafoèkku Hkkjrh; okrkoj.k osQ fy, lcls mi;qDr rFkk O;ogkj&oqQ'ky
lafo/ku cuk x;k gSA ;gk¡ rd fd blosQ fo'kky vkdkj us Hkkjr dk viuh ljdkj vkSj iz'kklu dks xfBr djus
vkSj pykus esa 'kkfUr vkSj ;q¼ ;k ladVdkyhu fLFkfr esa izHkko'kkyh <ax ls usr`Ro fd;k gSA bldh izeq[k
fo'ks"krkvksa dks bl izdkj ifjHkkf"kr fd;k tk ldrk gS% izLrkouk] ekSfyd vfèkdkj] funsZ'kd fl¼kUr]
/eZ&fujis{krk] la?kokn] x.kjkT;okn] U;k;ikfydk dh LorU=krk vkSj fu%lUnsg mnkj lalnh; yksdrU=kA

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