Page 243 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV esa fyf[kr gSaA blesa 395 vuqPNsn vkSj 10 vuqlwfp;k¡ gSaA osQUnz vkSj jkT;ksa osQ ijLij lEcU/ksa dk o.kZu lafo/ku
esa foLrkjiwoZd <ax ls fd;k x;k gSA la?kkRed 'kklu esa osQUnz vkSj bdkb;ksa osQ ijLij >xM+ksa dh lEHkkouk jgrh
gS] fyf[kr lafo/ku esa bu >xM+ksa dh lEHkkouk de gks tkrh gS vkSj ;fn >xM+ksa mRiUu Hkh gksa rks mldk fuiVkjk
ns'k osQ loksZPp U;k;ky; }kjk fyf[kr lafo/ku osQ vuqlkj fd;k tkrk gSA

D;k vki tkurs gSa la?kh; ljdkj dk lfo/ku fyf[kr gksrk gSA ,dkRed ljdkj dk lafo/ku fyf[kr Hkh gks ldrk
gS vkSj vfyf[kr HkhA

6- dBksj lafo/ku (Rigid Constitution): la?kkRed 'kklu iz.kkyh esa jkT; dk lafo/ku dBksj gksrk gSA
lafo/ku blfy, dBksj cuk;k tkrk gS rkfd osQUnz ;k bdkb;k¡ mlesa viuh bPNkuqlkj euekus <ax ls ifjorZu
u dj losQA dBksj lafo/ku esa laoS/kfud dkuwu dks lk/kj.k dkuwu dh vis{kk loksZPprk izkIr gksrh gS rFkk
lk/kj.k dkuwu osQ cnyus dh fof/;k¡ vyx&vyx gksrh gSaA gekjk lafo/ku ,d dBksj lafo/ku gS] ;|fi ;g
mruk dBksj ugha ftruk fd vesfjdk dk lafo/ku gSA lafo/ku esa la'kks/u djus dh izfozQ;k dk o.kZu lafo/ku
osQ vuqPNsn 368 esa fd;k x;k gSaA lafo/ku dh vf/dka'k /kjk,¡ ,slh gSa ftUgsa cnyus osQ fy, la'kks/u dk izLrko
laln osQ izR;sd lnu }kjk vius oqQy lnL;ksa osQ iw.kZ cgqer ls rFkk mifLFkr vkSj er ns jgs lnL;ksa osQ 2@3
cgqer ls ikl gksuk pkfg,A lafo/ku osQ vuqPNsn 368 esa oqQN ,sls egÙoiw.kZ fo"k;ksa dk Hkh o.kZu gSa ftUgsa cnyus
osQ fy, laln osQ izR;sd lnu osQ oqQy lnL;ksa osQ iw.kZ cgqer vkSj mifLFkr o er ns jgs lnL;ksa osQ 2@3 cgqer
osQ vfrfjDr de&ls&de vk/s jkT; fo/kue.Myksa dh Loho`Qfr izkIr djuh vko';d gSA bu fo"k;ksa esa jk"Vªifr
osQ pquko dh fof/ la?kh; ljdkj vkSj jkT; ljdkjksa dh oS/kfud dk;Zikfydk vkSj U;k;&lEcU/h 'kfDr;ksa dh
lhek] jkT;ksa dk laln esa izfrfuf/Ro] vuqPNsn 368 esa nh xbZ la'kks/u izfozQ;k osQ fo"k; bR;kfn 'kkfey gSaA

7- lafo/ku dh loksZPprk (Supremacy of Constitution): la?kkRed 'kklu iz.kkyh esa ns'k dk lafo/ku
loksZPp dkuwu gksrk gSA vesfjdk osQ lafo/ku dh Hkk¡fr Hkkjrh; lafo/ku ns'k dk loksZPp dkuwu gSA dksbZ O;fDr]
laLFkk] ljdkjh vf/dkjh ;k ljdkj lafo/kuj ;k lafo/ku osQ vUrxZr cuk, x;s dkuwuksa osQ fo#¼ ugha py
ldrsA laln vkSj jkT; fo/kue.My dksbZ ,slk dkuwu ugha cuk ldrs tks lafo/ku dk fdlh izdkj mYya?ku djrk
gksA ;fn os ,slk dkuwu ikl djrs gSa rks ns'k dk loksZPp U;k;ky; vkSj jkT;ksa osQ mPp U;k;ky; mUgsa voS/ ?kksf"kr
dj ldrs gSaA blh izdkj la?kh; dk;Zikfydk ;k jkT; dk;Zikfydk dksbZ ,slk vè;kns'k vkSj vkns'k tkjh ugha dj
ldrh tks lafo/ku osQ fo#¼ gksA U;k;ikfydk ,sls vè;kns'kksa vkSj vkns'kksa dks xSj&laoS/kfud ?kksf"kr dj ldrh
gSA loksZPp U;k;ky; vkSj mPp U;k;ky;ksa dks U;kf;d iqufuZjh{k.k (Judicial Review) dh 'kfDr izkIr gSA
Hkkjr esa lHkh mPp U;k;ky;ksa dks viuk in xzg.k djus ls igys ;g 'kiFk ysuh iM+rh gS fd os lafo/ku dk
lEeku djsaxs] mlosQ vuqlkj vius dÙkZO;ksa dk ikyu djsaxs rFkk lafo/ku dks cuk, j[ksaxs vkSj mldh j{kk djsaxsA
bl lc ckrksa ls lafo/ku dh loksZPprk fl¼ gksrh gSA
8- osQUnz rFkk bdkb;ksa esa lg;ksx rFkk rkyesy (Co-operation and Co-ordination betweenthe
Centre and the States)µfdlh Hkh la?k osQ osQUnz rFkk jkT; ljdkjksa osQ fu.kZ; osQ fy, lg;ksx rFkk rkyesy
dk 'kklu&rU=k dk gksuk vko';d gSA Hkkjrh; lafo/ku es Hkh vUrjkZT; lg;ksx (Inter-state Co-opera-
tion) osQ fy, O;oLFkk gSA le;≤ ij osQUnz }kjk eq[;efU=k;ksa rFkk jkT;ikyksa osQ lEesyu cqyk;s tkrs gSaA

mi;qZDr vè;;u ls lqLi"V fofnr gks tkrk gS fd Hkkjr osQ lafo/ku esa vesfjdk] oSQusMk] fLoV~tjySaM dh rjg
la?kh; 'kklu&iz.kkyh dh O;oLFkk gSA

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