Page 274 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—13: la?k&jkT; laca/µoS/kfud] iz'kkldh; vkSj foÙkh; jktuhfr

djus esa lgk;d fl¼ gksA dbZ ckj jkT; ljdkjsa la?k osQ cuk, fdlh fo'ks"k dkuwu dks ykxw djus osQ i{k esa uksV
ugha gksrh tks muosQ vuqlkj bldh uhfr;ksa vkSj dk;ZØeksa esa ck/k iSnk djus okyk le>k tkrk gSA 1968 esa] osQjy
ljdkj osQ }kjk osQUnz ljdkj osQ deZpkfj;ksa osQ }kjk dh xbZ gM+rky jksdus osQ fy, la?k osQ }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k
vko';d lsok,¡ vè;kns'k (Essential Services Ordinance) dks ykxw djus ls badkj dj fn;k FkkA 1979
esa fcgkj] xqtjkr] gfj;k.kk] fgekpy] jktLFkku (lHkh turk ikVhZ dh ljdkjksa)] rfeyukMq (,-vkbZ-,-Mh-,e-osQ-
ljdkj)] f=kiqjk vkSj if'peh caxky (oke&iaFkh ljdkjksa) us xqIr /u vkSj dkyk cktkjh jksdus osQ fy, osQUnz
esa pj.k flag ljdkj osQ }kjk tkjh fd;k x;k fuokjd utjcanh vè;kns'k (Preventive detention
Ordinance) ykxw djus ls badkj dj fn;k FkkA jkT; ljdkjksa dh ,slh xfrfof/;ksa ls osQUnz&jkT; fookn vkSj
xgjs gks tkrs jgs gSaA la?k ljdkj osQ ikl vuqPNsn 365 osQ v/hu fdlh jkT; esa ,slh fLFkfr ls vkSj laoS/kfud
e'khujh dh vliQyrk ls fuiVus dh 'kfDr gksrh gS vkSj bl izdkj og vuqPNsn 356 osQ v/hu laoS/kfud
ladVdky dh fLFkfr ykxw djus osQ fy, foo'k gks tkrk jgk gSA 1990 esa rfeyukMq esa Mh-,e-osQ- ljdkj osQ
LFkxu dk fu.kZ; blh vk/kj ij fd;k x;k FkkA ;g vuqHko fd;k x;k Fkk fd Mh-,e-osQ- ljdkj Jhyadk osQ
mu rkfey mxzokfn;ksa osQ fo#¼ osQUnzh; dkuwu ykxw ugha dj jgh Fkhh tks rfeyukMq esa jg jgs FksA osQUnz osQ ,sls
fu.kZ;ksa dk lnSo jkT;ksa }kjk fojks/ fd;k tkrk jgk gSA

7- jkT;ksa osQ fo#¼ HksnHkko (Discrimination against States)% jkT; nks osQUnzh; ,tsafl;ksa&;kstuk
vk;ksx vkSj foÙk vk;ksx osQ }kjk jktLo osQ foHkktu vkSj osQUnzh; lgk;rk jkf'k nsus osQ eqís ij Hkh ukjkt jgs
gSaA la?k ljdkj ij oqQN jkT;ksa osQ i{k esa vkSj oqQN jkT;ksa osQ fo#¼ HksnHkko djus dk vkjksi yxk;k tkrk jgk
gSA mu jkT;ksa osQ fo#¼ tgk¡ ^fojks/h* ny 'kklu djrs Fkss] ;g nks"k yxk;k tkrk gS fd cM+s m|ksxksa dks LFkkfir
djus osQ fu.kZ; djrs le; osQUnz us oqQN jkT;ksa tSlk fd iatkc] gfj;k.kk] fgekpy vkSj tEew&d'ehj dks dfFkr
:i esa misf{kr fd;k FkkA iatkc esa tgk¡ fd izfr O;fDr vk; lcls vf/d gS] ogk¡ osQoy nks cM+s m|ksxµuaxy
iQVhZykbtlZ vkSj jsy dksp iSQDVjh gh LFkkfir fd, x, gSaA jkT; esa vkradokn ls fuiVus osQ fy, iatkc dks fn,
x, ½.k dks ekiQ djus esa dh xbZ fgpfdpkgV vkSj nsjh dh iatkc dh ,l-,-Mh-] ch-ts-ih- ljdkj osQ }kjk dM+h
vkykspuk dh xbZ vkSj bldks osQUnz dk lkSrsyh ek¡ okyk O;ogkj dgk x;kA nf{k.kh jkT;ksa] fo'ks"k :i esa rfeyukMq
osQ }kjk dbZ voljksa ij] 1967] 1975 vkSj 1982 esa osQUnzh; iwy osQ }kjk Hkkstu (pkoy) dh de lIykbZ dh
f'kdk;r dh xbZ FkhA if'peh caxky ljdkj (oke ekspsZ dh ljdkj) osQ }kjk 1980 osQ n'kd esa dk;Z osQ izfr
Hkkstu izksxzke osQ v/hu ;gk¡ dh turk dks fn, tkus okys Hkkstu esa osQUnzh; HksnHkko dk n`<+ fojks/ fd;k x;k
FkkA foÙkh; vk;ksxksa us Hkh 'kk;n gh dHkh jkT;ksa dks oqQy ljdkjh vkenuh osQ 30 izfr'kr ls vf/d dh LohÑfr
nh gksA ;kstuk vk;ksx us lnSo gh la?k dh yach cktw cudj dk;Z fd;k gSA jk"Vªh; fu;kstu }kjk] la?k dh Hkwfedk
dks lnSo c<+k;k x;k gS vkSj blls jkT;ksa dh Hkwfedk dks ?kVkus dk iz;kl fd;k x;k gSA blus la?k dk jkT;ksa ij
fu;a=k.k dks c<+k;k gSA jkT; fo"k;ksa dks jk"Vªh; ;kstukvksa osQ }kjk la?k }kjk gM+i fy;k x;k gSA mnkgj.kLo:i]
lkeqnkf;d fodkl dk;ZØe ,d jkT; fo"k; gS ijUrq bldks osQUnz osQ }kjk fu;af=kr dk;ZØe osQ v/hu pyk;k
tkrk jgk gSA dbZ jkT;ksa dh ljdkjksa us ;g Hkh nks"k yxk;k gS fd 73oha vkSj 74oha la'kks/u osQ }kjk la?k }kjk
iapk;rksa vkSj 'kgjh LFkkuh; ljdkjksa dh 'kfDr;ksa vkSj foÙkh; lk/u lkSaius us jkT;ksa osQ vf/dkj dks lhfer fd;k
gSA osQ- laFkkue dgrs gSa] ¶fu;kstu us la?kokn ij vf/dkj dj fy;k gS vkSj gekjk ns'k dbZ rjg ls ,d ,dkRed
O;oLFkk osQ :i esa dk;Z dj jgk gSA jk"Vªh; fodkl dkSafly Hkh viuh Hkwfedk fuHkkus esa vliQy jgh gSA jkT;ksa
dks osQUnzh; lgk;rk nsus esa lnSo HksnHkko fd;k tkrk jgk gSA Hkkjrh; la?kokn esa ;g ,d ruko dk {ks=k cuk jgk
gSA¸

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