Page 270 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—13: la?k&jkT; laca/µoS/kfud] iz'kkldh; vkSj foÙkh; jktuhfr

13-4 Hkkjrh; la?kh; iz.kkyh osQ ruko&{ks=k (Tension Areas of Indian uksV
Federal System)

yxHkx N% n'kdksa osQ le; ls Hkkjr esa] ^,dkRed la?kokn* ;k ^'kfDr'kkyh osQUnz osQ vfLrRo okyh la?kh;
ljapuk* gh dk;Z dj jgh gSA ijUrq bruk yEck le; chrus ij Hkh Hkkjr esa ijLij lg;ksxh rFkk vkn'kZ la?kokn
iz.kkyh fodflr ugha gks ldhA la?k ljdkj yxHkx lnSo gh laoS/kfud O;oLFkkvksa osQ vuqlkj viuh Js"B fLFkfr
LFkkfir j[kus vkSj viuh Hkwfedk dks mÙke Bgjkus esa ;Ru'khy jgh gSA dbZ ckj] osQUnz esa lÙkk/kjh ny us vius
ny osQ fgrksa osQ fy, bl iz.kkyh dks viuh bPNkuqlkj iz;ksx djus dk iz;kl fd;k gS] fo'ks"k :i esa mu jkT;ksa
osQ lEcU/ esa ftuesa fdlh vU; ny dk 'kklu FkkA jkT;ksa us Hkh dbZ ckj vius {ks=kh; fgrksa dh izkfIr osQ fy,
bZ";kZ Hkjh rFkk Vdjkoiw.kZ izo`fÙk viukbZA ,sls jkT;ksa us tgk¡ fd le;≤ ij {ks=kh; ny lÙkk esa vk,] jkT;ksa
osQ fy, vkSj vf/d vf/dkjksa dh ekax dhA Hkkjrh; la?kh; iz.kkyh esa jkT;ksa dh Lok;Ùkrk dh ekax Hkh lnSo
fo|eku jgh gSA
,d vksj la?k ljdkj vkSj 'kfDr'kkyh osQUnz dh /kj.kkvksa vkSj nwljh vksj] jkT; ljdkjksa dh Lok;Ùkrk osQ leFkZdksa
esa fookn gksus osQ dkj.k Hkkjrh; la?kh; iz.kkyh dk okrkoj.k dbZ ckj Vdjko okyk cuk jgk gS ftlesa
dbZ&ruko&{ks=k vkSj eqís fo|eku jgs gSaA oqQN izeq[k rukoiw.kZ eqíksa ;k {ks=kksa dk laf{kIr fo'ys"k.k fuEufyf[kr :i
esa fd;k tk ldrk gSA jkT; eq[; :i esa la?k vkSj jkT;ksa osQ lEcU/ksa okys lHkh {ks=kksa esa osQUnzh; fir`okn
(Central Paternalism) osQ fo#¼ vkokt mBkrs jgs gSaµ

1- jktLo osQ lzksr vkSj foÙkh; lEcU/ (Revenue Resources and Financial Relations)% Hkkjrh;
lafo/ku osQ }kjk fd;k x;k foÙkh; lzksrksa dk foHkktu vkSj foÙkh; lEcU/ksa dh iz.kkyh ruko iSnk djus okys izeq[k
{ks=k jgs gSaA jkT; vius de lzksrksa osQ dkj.k vkSj dj ykxw djus osQ lhfer {ks=k osQ dkj.k vius vki dks la?k
ij fuHkZj le>rs jgs gSaA os lgk;rk jkf'k osQ fy, vkSj djksa ls gksus okyh vk; dh izkfIr osQ fy, la?k osQ }kjk
bdV~Bs fd, x, djksa ij fuHkZj jgs gSaA ;|fi lafo/ku osQ }kjk fu/kZfjr jkT;ksa osQ foÙkh; lzksrksa ij la?k dk dksbZ
izR;{k fu;a=k.k ugha gksrk ijUrq la?k lnSo gh jkT;ksa ij vizR;{k <axksa ls ncko Mkyrk jgk gSA ¶la?k lnSo gh jkT;ksa
dks foÙkh; lEcU/ksa osQ ekeys esa bldks leFkZu ysus osQ fy, foo'k djrk jgk gSA¸ ftl <ax ls jkT;ksa dks lgk;rk
jkf'k nsrs le; osQUnzh; ljdkj osQ }kjk O;ogkj fd;k tkrk jgk gS] og Hkh jkT;ksa esa izfrfØ;k iSnk djus dk
egÙoiw.kZ lzksr jgk gSA jkT; bldks mudh Lok;Ùk ij xaHkhj izfrca/ le>rs jgs gSaA os jkT; tgk¡ osQUnz esa lÙkk:<+
ny osQ vfrfjDr dksbZ vU; ny lÙkk esa gksrk gS] ogk¡ dh ljdkj izk;% gh vk; osQ foHkktu vkSj lgk;rk jkf'k
dh izkfIr osQ ekeys esa osQUnz dh i{kikriw.kZ izo`fÙk vkSj lkSrsyh ek¡ okys O;ogkj dh f'kdk;r djrh gSA Hkwrdky
esa vka/z izns'k esa ,u-Vh- jkek jko] if'peh caxky esa T;ksfr clq] dukZVd esa jke Ñ".k gsxM+s] rfeyukMq esa
d#.kkfuf/ us lnSo gh dkaxzsl osQ }kjk 'kkflr osQUnz osQ }kjk muosQ lEcfU/r jkT;ksa esa i{kikriw.kZ izo`fÙk viukus
osQ fo#¼ vkokt mBkbZ FkhA jkT; ljdkjksa dh ;g fujUrj f'kdk;r jgh gS fd osQUnz esa lÙkk:<+ ny osQ }kjk nyh;
fgrksa osQ fy, viuh mÙke foÙkh; 'kfDr dk iz;ksx fd;k tkrk jgk gSA ;kstuk cukus osQ {ks=k esa jkT;ksa osQ ikl
dksbZ Lok;Ùkrk ugha vkSj blosQ fy, budks la?k ij fuHkZj djuk iM+rk gSA jkT;ksa dks lzksrksa vkSj lgk;rk jkf'k dk
foHkktu djrs le; ;kstuk vk;ksx vkSj foÙk vk;ksx lkekU; :i esa osQUnzh; funsZ'kksa ij gh pyrs jgs gSaA cktkjh
½.k ls gksus okyh viuh vk; dk 80 ls 90 izfr'kr Hkkx osQUnz }kjk j[kk tkrk gS vkSj 'ks"k 10 ls 20 izfr'kr
Hkkx jkT;ksa osQ fy, NksM+ fn;k tkrk gSA Jherh v#.kk pkyu osQ vuqlkj] ¶Hkkjrh; la?k dh jkT;ksa ij 'kfDr'kkyh
foÙkh; tdM+ gSA ns'k osQ foÙkh; lEcU/ksa esa osQUnz gh vk/kjHkwr fu.kZ; djrk gS vkSj ogh vfUre gksrs gSaA¸ jkT;ksa
osQ }kjk fodkl ;kstukvksa dks mfpr vkSj izHkko'kkyh <ax ls ykxw djus osQ fy, vf/d foÙkh; lzksrksa vkSj vf/

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