Page 272 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

bdkbZ—13: la?k&jkT; laca/µoS/kfud] iz'kkldh; vkSj foÙkh; jktuhfr

eqís dk fu.kZ; djus osQ fy, vyx&vyx ekinaMksa dk iz;ksx fd;k gSA lkekU; :i esa jkT;iky Lora=k vkSj fu"i{k uksV
jSiQjh dh Hkwfedk ugha fuHkkrs jgsA os osQUnzh; ,tsaV osQ :i esa dk;Z djrs jgs gSa vkSj viuh cqf¼ dks fu"i{k <ax
ls ugha iz;ksx djrs jgs gSaA bl leLr izfØ;k esa os Lo;a fooknxzLr gks tkrs jgs gSaA chrs le; esa jkT;ksa osQ
jkT;ikyksa osQ }kjk osQUnz ljdkj osQ }kjk vuqPNsn 356 osQ nq#i;ksx us Hkh jkT;iky osQ in dks fooknxzLr cuk,
j[kkA dkaxzsl osQ }kjk fu;qDr fd, x, jkT;ikyksa us la?k dh ljdkj osQ usr`Ro esa dbZ ckj xSj&dkaxzslh jkT; ljdkjksa
osQ eq[;&eaf=k;ksa osQ fo#¼ i{kikrh izo`fÙk viuk;hA ,slk oqQN osQUnz esa turk ljdkj osQ }kjk fu;qDr fd, x,
jkT;ikyksa osQ }kjk ekpZ] 1977&1979 vkSj uoEcj] 1989 ls twu] 1991 esa fd;kA 1996&97 nkSjku] mÙkj izns'k
osQ jkT;iky Jh jes'k HkaMkjh dk O;ogkj Hkh fu"i{k ugha FkkA okLro esa xqtjkr vkSj mÙkj izns'k osQ lEcU/ esa
izFke lk>k ekspkZ ljdkj us iz/kuea=kh Jh ,p-Mh- nsoxkSM+k v/hu vuqPNsn 356 dk mfpr iz;ksx ugha fd;kA
1967 osQ pkSFkh vke pqukoksa osQ i'pkr~] jkT;iky jkT; osQ eq[;eaf=k;ksa dks lÙkk ls gVkus dh nkSM+ esa osQUnzh; ,tsaV
cu x, FksA ,slh ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa mUgksaus osQUnz osQ }kjk fuf'pr fd, x, ;k okafNr y{;ksa dks iw.kZ djus osQ fy,
fHkUu&fHkUu rjg ls dk;Z fd;kA jkT; esa ^ukilan ikVhZ* dh ljdkj osQ fo#¼ vuqPNsn 356 osQ iz;ksx esa la?k
dh lgk;rk djus esa jkT;iky dh Hkwfedk us vkSj laoS/kfud ladVdky osQ le; esa mlosQ }kjk jkT; osQ iz'kklu
pykus us Hkh jkT;iky osQ in dks fooknkLin cuk fn;kA dbZ jkT;ikyksa osQ }kjk jkT; fo/ku lHkkvksa dks LFkfxr
djus@Hkax djus osQ eqís ij fuHkkbZ xbZ i{kikriw.kZ Hkwfedk us tyrh ij rsy Mkyus dk dk;Z fd;kA jkT;] lkekU;
:i esa] jkT;iky dks ^ckgjh 'kfDr ls 'kklu djus okyk 'kkld* le>rs jgs gSa vkSj blosQ fy, mldks Fkksik x;k
vuSfPNd O;fDr le>k tkrk jgk gSA jkT; pkgrs gSa fd jkT;iky lnSo eq[;ea=kh osQ ijke'kZ osQ vuqlkj dk;Z
djs vkSj jkT; osQ yksxksa dks vius jkT;iky dk fuokZpu djus dk vf/dkj gksuk pkfg,A de&ls&de bl ckr
dh O;oLFkk gksuh pkfg, fd la?k ljdkj dh viuh bPNk osQ vuqlkj jkT; osQ jkT;ikyksa dks fu;qDr djus] mudk
LFkkukarj.k djus rFkk mudks in&eqDr djus dh 'kfDr ij vko';d oqQN jksd gksuh pkfg,A ebZ 2004 esa lÙkk
esa vkus osQ i'pkr~ ;w-ih-,- ljdkj dk dbZ jkT;ksa osQ jkT;ikyksa dks bdV~Bs in&eqDr djus dk fu.kZ; mfpr ugha
FkkA blls ;g Li"V fn[kkbZ fn;k fd osQUnz ljdkj viuh ilan osQ jkT;ikyksa dks gh fu;qDr djuh pkgrh FkhA
okLro esa Hkkjrh; la?kh; iz.kkyh esa jkT;iky dk in Hkh ,d fookn rFkk ruko dk eqík jgk gSA

3- vuqPNsn 356 dk nq#i;ksx (Misuse of Article 356)% vuqPNsn 356 osQ vuqlkj] jk"Vªifr dks ;g
vf/dkj fn;k x;k gS fd og jkT; esa laoS/kfud e'khujh vliQy gksus dh ifjfLFkfr esa fdlh jkT; ljdkj osQ
HkkX; dk fu.kZ; dj ldrk gSA jk"Vªifr ;g fu.kZ; viuh bPNkuqlkj ;k jkT; osQ jkT;iky dh fjiksVZ osQ vk/kj
ij ys ldrk gSA okLro esa] jk"Vªifr dks vius lHkh fu.kZ; la?k ljdkj osQ ijke'kZ osQ vuqlkj djus gksrs gSa vkSj
jkT;iky dh fjiksVZ dk egÙo de gh gksrh gSA dbZ ckj la?k ljdkj osQ }kjk Hkh jkT;iky ls fjiksVZ dh ek¡x dj
yh tkrh gSA dksbZ jkT; ljdkj rc Hkax dj nh tkrh gS tc jk"Vªifr vuqPNsn 356 osQ v/hu jkT; esa laoS/kfud
ladVdky fLFkfr dk ?kks"k.kk dj nsA rc rd la?k us yxHkx 105 ckj bl vuqPNsn dk iz;ksx fd;k gS vkSj
vf/drj ekeyksa esa bl vuqPNsn dk iz;ksx jktuhfrd fgrksa osQ fy, fd;k tkrk jgk gS vFkkZr~ ;g fd ml jkT;
ljdkj dks LFkfxr djus osQ fy, dh tkrh jgh gS tgk¡ fd dksbZ fojks/h ny ;k dksbZ fojks/h usrk 'kklu pyk
jgk gksrk Fkk ;k jkT; esa ljdkj xBu djus dk iz;kl dj jgk gksrk Fkk vkSj tks osQUnz esa usr`Ro okys 'kkld ny
osQ fy, vuSfPNd vkSj vlguh; ny ;k usrk ekuk tkrk FkkA 11 ekpZ] 1994 dks loksZPp U;k;ky; us fu.kZ;
fn;k Fkk fd jk"Vªifr ?kks"k.kk v/hu vuqPNsn 356 dk iz;ksx osQ v/hu 1988 esa ukxkySaM vkSj 1989 esa dukZVd
vkSj 1991 esa es?kky; dh jkT; fo/ku lHkk,¡ Hkax djuk xSj&laoS/kfud FkkA ebZ 2005 eas fcgkj osQ jkT;iky cwVk
flag dk jkT; fo/kulHkk Hkax djus dk fu.kZ; fu'p; gh jktuhfr ls izHkkfor FkkA vuqPNsn 356 jkT;ksa dh
Lok;Ùkrk ij fujUrj fo|eku [krjk izrhr gksrk gSµ;g la?k osQ gkFkksa esa ,d ,slk 'kL=k gS ftlosQ iz;ksx ls la?k

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