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Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk




                     uksV


                                    uksV~l  Hkkjrh; lafoèkku osQ vuqlkj ukxfjdksa dks lkr ekSfyd vfèkdkj izkIr Fks] ysfdu 44osa lafoèkku la'kks/u
                                          osQ }kjk lEifÙk osQ vfèkdkj dks ekSfyd vf/dkjksa dh lwph ls fudky fn;k x;k gSA

                                     (ii)(a) èkkjk 20 osQ vuqlkj fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks ltk ml le; esa izpfyr dkuwu osQ vuqlkj gh nh tk
                                            ldrh gSA

                                         (b) èkkjk 20 osQ vuqlkj fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks ,d vijkèk osQ fy, nks ckj ltk ugha nh tk ldrh
                                            gSA
                                         (c) èkkjk 20 osQ vuqlkj fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks vius fo#¼ xokgh nsus osQ fy, foo'k ugha fd;k tk
                                            ldrkA
                                     (iii) èkkjk 21 osQ vuqlkj dkuwu }kjk LFkkfir i¼fr (Procedure Established by Law) ossQ fcuk

                                         fdlh O;fDr dks mlosQ thou vkSj mldh O;fDrxr LorU=krk ls oafpr ugha fd;k tk,xkA
                                        (a) fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks mldk vijkèk crk, fcuk fxjÝrkj ugha fd;k tk ldrkA
                                         (b) fxjÝrkj fd;s x, O;fDr dks 24 ?kaVs osQ vUnj eftLVªsV osQ lkeus is'k djuk vko';d gSA

                                         (c) fcuk eftLVsªV dh vkKk osQ cUnh dks tsy esa ugha j[kk tk ldrkA
                                        (d) cUnh dks dkuwuh lykg izkIr djus dk iwjk vfèkdkj gSA

                                 3- 'kks"k.k osQ fo#¼ vfèkdkj (Right Against Exploitation—Article 23 to 24 )µlafoèkku osQ 23
                                 rFkk 24osa vuqPNsnksa esa ukxfjdksa osQ fy, 'kks"k.k osQ fo#¼ vfèkdkjksa dk mYys[k fd;k x;k gSA bl vf/dkj dk
                                 ;g y{; gS fd lekt dk dksbZ Hkh 'kfDr'kkyh O;fDr fdlh detksj O;fDr ossQ lkFk vU;k; u dj losQA
                                     (ii) èkkjk 23 osQ vuqlkj euq";ksa dk O;kikj] muls csxkj rFkk bPNk osQ fo#¼ dke djokus dh eukgh dj
                                         nh xbZ gS vkSj tks bl O;oLFkk dk fdlh izdkj ls mYya?ku djsxk] mls dkuwu osQ vuqlkj n.Muh;
                                         vijkèk le>k tk,xkA

                                     (ii) èkkjk 24 osQ vuqlkj 14 o"kZ ls de vk;q okys ckyd dks fdlh Hkh dkj[kkus vFkok [kku esa ukSdj
                                         ugha j[kk tk,xkA u gh fdlh vU; ladVe;h ukSdjh esa yxk;k tk,xkA bldk vfHkizk; ;g gS fd cPpksa
                                         dks dke esa yxkus dh ctk, mudks f'k{kk nh tk,A blhfy, Hkkjrh; lafoèkku osQ vè;k; 4 esa funsZ'kd
                                         fl¼karksa osQ }kjk jkT;ksa dks ;g funsZ'k fn;k x;k gS fd og 14 o"kZ rd dh vk;q osQ cPpksa osQ fy,
                                         vfuok;Z vkSj fu%'kqYd f'k{kk dk izcUèk djsa f'k{kk osQ vfèkdkj (Right to Education) vfèkfu;e
                                         dks Hkh blh fy, cuk;k x;k gSA
                                 4- èkkfeZd LorU=krk dk vfèkdkj (Right to Freedom of Religion–Article 25 to 28)µlafoèkku osQ
                                 vxys 4 vuqPNsnksa (25 ls 28) esa Hkkjr dks ,d èkeZ&fujis{k jkT; cukus dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gSA
                                 lafoèkku&fuekZrkvksa us vuqPNsn 15 rFkk 16 esa fn, bl vc vfèkdkj osQ lkFk 42osa la'kks/u osQ }kjk èkeZ&fujis{k
                                 'kCn dks lafoèkku dh izLrkouk esa tksM+ fn;k x;k gSA
                                      (i) fdlh Hkh èkeZ dks ekuus dh LorU=krk (Freedom to practise any Religion)µvuqPNsn 25
                                         esa ;g O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS fd Hkkjr esa lHkh ukxfjdksa dks fdlh Hkh èkeZ dh ekuus] mldk vuq;k;h
                                         cuus rFkk mldk izpkj djus dk vfèkdkj gSA




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