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Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk
uksV vf/dkj D;ksa dgk tk,A bldk tokc loksZPp U;k;ky; us vius ,d fu.kZ; esa Li"V fd;k] ¶vfèkdkj gh
ekSfyd gSa] vfèkdkjksa osQ izfrcUèk ekSfyd ugha gks ldrsA¸
Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)
fjDr LFkku Hkjsa (Fill in the blanks)%
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1- Hkkjrh; lafoèkku ekSfyd vfèkdkj osQ fy, osQ lafoèkku dk ½.kh gSA
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2- Hkkjrh; vfèkdkj&i=k esa fyf[kr vfèkdkj vfèkdrj vfèkdkj gSaA
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3- èkkjk esa nh xbZ dk;kZfofèk ls ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dk la'kksèku fd;k tk ldrk gS\
2-2 ekSfyd vfèkdkj (Fundamental Rights)
Hkkjrh; lafoèkku osQ }kjk Hkkjr osQ ukxfjdksa dks 6 izdkj osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkj fn, x, gS% os fuEufyf[kr gS%
1- lekurk dk vfèkdkj (Right to Equality-Article 14 to 18)µlekurk dk vfèkdkj iztkrU=k dk
vkèkkj LrEHk gS] vr% Hkkjrh; lafoèkku }kjk lHkh O;fDr;ksa dks dkuwu osQ le{k lekurk] jkT; osQ vèkhu ukSdfj;ksa
dk leku volj vkSj lkekftd lekurk iznku dh x;h gS ,oa lekurk dh LFkkiuk osQ fy, mikf/;ksa dk fu"ksèk
fd;k x;k gSA
(i) dkuwu osQ le{k lekurk (vuqPNsn 14) (Equality before the Law)µvuqPNsn 14 osQ vuqlkj Hkkjr
osQ jkT; {ks=k esa jkT; fdlh Hkh O;fDr dks dkuwu osQ le{k lekurk ;k dkuwu osQ leku laj{k.k ls oafpr ugha
jgsxkA vuqPNsn osQ izFke Hkkx osQ 'kCn ^dkuwu osQ le{k lekurk* fczfV'k lkekU; fofèk dh nsu gS vkSj blosQ
}kjk jkT; ij ;g cUèku yxk;k x;k gS fd og lHkh O;fDr;ksa osQ fy, ,d&lk dkuwu cuk;sxk rFkk mUgsa ,d
leku ykxw djsxkA lj vkboj tSfuaEt osQ vuqlkj bldk vFkZ ;g gS fd ¶leku ifjfLFkfr;ksa esa lHkh O;fDr;ksa
osQ lkFk dkuwu dk O;ogkj ,d&lk gksuk pkfg,A¸ dkuwu dk leku laj{k.k*] ;g okD; vejhdh lafo/ku ls
fy;k x;k gS vkSj bldk rkRi;Z ;g gS fd vius vfèkdkjksa dh j{kk osQ fy, izR;sd O;fDr leku :i ls U;k;ky;
dh 'kj.k ys ldrk gSA
dkuwu osQ le{k lekurk dk rkRi;Z ;g ugha gS fd vkSfpR;iw.kZ vkèkkj ij vkSj dkuwu }kjk ekU; fdlh HksnHkko
dh Hkh O;oLFkk ugha dh tk ldrh gSA ;fn dkuwu dj yxkus osQ lEcUèk esa èkuh vkSj xjhc esa vkSj lqfo/k,¡
iznku djus esa fL=k;ksa vkSj iq#"kksa esa Hksn djrk gS rks bls dkuwu osQ le{k lekurk dk mYya?ku ugha dgk tk ldrkA
(ii) èkeZ] uLy] tkfr] fyax] ;k tUe LFkku osQ vkèkkj ij HksnHkko dk fu"ksèk (vuqPNsn 15)
(Prohibition of Discrimination on Grounds of Religion, Race, Caste, Sex or Place of
Birth)µdkuwu osQ le{k lekurk osQ lkFk&lkFk vuqPNsn 15 esas dgk x;k gS fd ¶jkT; osQ }kjk èkeZ] ewyoa'k]
tkfr] fyax] tUe LFkku vkfn osQ vkèkkj ij ukxfjdksa osQ izfr thou osQ fdlh {ks=k esa Hksn&Hkko ugha fd;k
tk;sxkA¸ dkuwu osQ }kjk fuf'pr fd;k x;k gS fd lc ukxfjdksa osQ lkFk nqdkuksa] gksVyksa rFkk lkoZtfud
LFkkuksaµtSls oqQvksa] rkykcksa Lukux`gksa] lM+dksa vkfn ij fdlh Hkh izdkj dk Hksn&Hkko ugha fd;k tk;sxkA
(iii) jkT; osQ vèkhu ukSdfj;ksa dk leku volj (vuqPNsn 16) (Equality of Opportunity in
Matters of Public Employment)µvuqPNsn 16 osQ vuqlkj] ¶lc ukxfjdksa dks ljdkjh inksa ij fu;qfDr
osQ leku volj izkIr gksaxs vkSj bl lEcUèk esa osQoy èkeZ] ewyoa'k] tkfr fyax ;k tUe LFkku ;k buesa ls fdlh
osQ vkèkkj ij ljdkjh ukSdjh ;k in iznku djus esa Hksn&Hkko ugha fd;k tk;sxkA¸ blosQ vUrxZr jkT; dks ;g
28 LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
