Page 55 - DPOL102_INDIAN_POLITICAL_SYSTEM_HINDI

Hkkjrh; jktuhfrd O;oLFkk

uksV Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fuEu dFkuksa esa lR;@vlR; crkb,µ
10- 25osa lafoèkku la'kksèku osQ i'pkr~ uhfr&funsZ'kd rÙoksa dk egÙo de gqvk gSA

11- ^funsZ'kd fl¼kar yksdra=k dks LFkkf;Ro nsus okys fl¼kar gSaA* dFku MkW- ,u-lh- diwj >k gSA

4-7 funsZ'kd fl¼kar vkSj ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa easa vUrj (Differenc between
Directive Principles and Fundamental Rights)

Hkkjrh; lafoèkku osQ rhljs vè;k; esa èkkjk 12 ls 35 rFFkk N% izdkj osQ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ
gS] ftudk iz;ksx djosQ ukxfjd vius thou dk iw.kZ fodkl dj ldrs gSa tcfd lafoèkku osQ pkSFks Hkkx esa èkkjk
35 ls 51 esa jkT; uhfr osQ funsZ'kd fl¼karksa dh ?kks"k.kk dh xbZ gS] ftudk mís'; Hkkjrh; ukxfjdksa dk vkfFkZd]
lkekftd rFkk uSfrd fodkl rFkk Hkkjr esa dY;k.kdkjh jkT; dh LFkkiuk djuk gSA nksuksa osQ gh mís'; leku
izrhr gksrs gSaA ysfdu nksuksa esa vUrj gSA ge nksuksa dks leku izÑfr okys ugha dg ldrsA

funsZ'kd fl¼karksa vkSj ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa esa fuEufyf[kr vkèkkj ij Hksn fd;k tk ldrk gSµ
1- funsZ'kd fl¼kar ldkjkRed funsZ'k gSa tcfd ekSfyd vfèkdkj udkjkRed fu"ksèk vkKk,¡ gSa% nksuksa esa
izFke vUrj ;g gS fd jkT; osQ uhfr funsZ'kd fl¼kar jkT; dks fn, x, fuf'pr vkns'k gSa tksfd gesa ;g crykrs
gSa fd jkT; esa iapk;r iz.kkyh dk xBu fd;k tk,] csdkjh dks nwj djus dh ;kstuk,¡ cukbZ tk,¡] xkSgR;k dks jksdk
tk,] U;k;ikfydk dks dk;Zikfydk ls vyx fd;k tk, vkfnA blosQ foijhr ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa }kjk jkT; dks
vfèkdrj udkjkRed vkns'k fn, x, gSaA nwljs 'kCnksa esa] jkT; 'kfDr ij izfrcaèk yxk, x, gSaA mnkgj.k Lo:i]
jkT; fdlh O;fDr dh lEifÙk ij jkf'k fn, fcuk vfèkdkj ugha djsxk_ jkT; èkeZ] jax] fyax vkfn osQ vkèkkj ij
HksnHkko ugha djsxkA
Jh XySMfgy (Gledhill) osQ 'kCnksa esaµ¶ekSfyd vfèkdkj jkT; osQ fy, oqQN fu"ksèk vkKk,¡ gSaA buosQ }kjk jkT;
dks oqQN fuf'pr dk;Z u djus dks dgk x;k gS] funsZ'kd fl¼kar ljdkj dks fn, x, ldkjkRed funsZ'k gSa tks
fd crykrs gSa fd ljdkj us D;k fd;k gSA¸ (‘‘Fundamental Rights are injunctions to prohibit
the government from doing certain things, the Directive Principles are affirmmative
instructions to the government to do certain things.’’)
2- ekSfyd vfèkdkj U;k;laxr gSa] funsZ'kd fl¼kar ugha% lafoèkku esa ;g Li"V fd;k x;k gS fd ekSfyd
vfèkdkj U;k;laxr ugha gSaA bUgsa U;k;ikfydk }kjk lqjf{kr djok;k tk ldrk gSA U;k;ikfydk ukxfjdksa osQ
ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dks ykxw djokus osQ fy, dk;Zikfydk dks dksbZ vkns'k tkjh dj ldrh gSA laoSèkkfud mipkjksa
dk vf/dkj (Rights the Constitutional Remedies) ukxfjdksa dk ekSfyd vfèkdkj gSA blosQ foijhr
funsZ'kd fl¼kar U;k;laxr ughaA lafoèkku dh èkkjk 37 esa ;g Li"V dgk x;k gS fd funsZ'kd fl¼kar U;k;ikfydk
}kjk ykxw ugha djok;s tk ldrs gSaA nwljs 'kCnksa esa funsZ'kd fl¼kar osQoy ek=k funsZ'k gSa] dkuwuh vkns'k ughaA
funsZ'kd fl¼karksa dk U;k;laxr u gksuk rFkk ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dk U;k;ikfydk }kjk lqjf{kr gksuk gh nksuksa esa ,d
cM+k Hksn gSA (Fundamental Rights are commendatory while the Directive Principles are
declaratory)
3- ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa dk mís'; jktuSfrd Lora=krk gS rks funsZ'kd fl¼karksa dk mís'; vkfFkZd Lora=krk%
tgk¡ ekSfyd vfèkdkjksa }kjk jktuSfrd yksdra=k dh O;oLFkk dh xbZ gS ogha funsZ'kd fl¼karksa }kjk vkfFkZd rFkk
lkekftd yksdra=k dh LFkkiuk dh xbZ gSA (Whereas Political Demoracy has been establihsed by

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