Page 148 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_HINDI

Hkkjrh; Lora=krk laxzke (1707&1947 bZ-)

uksV tk¡p ftl rjg dh tk jgh Fkh] mlls ;s yksx dkI+kQh {kqCèk FksA mèkj fczfV'k laln fo'ks"kdj ^gkml vkWI+kQ ykWMlZ*
esa tujy Mk;j osQ dkjukeksa dks mfpr djkj fn;k x;k Fkk vkSj ^ek²ux iksLV* us Mk;j osQ fy, 30 g”kkj ikSaM
dk dks"k bdV~Bk fd;k FkkA ;s lkjh dkjxq”kkfj;k¡ vaxzs”kh gqowQer dk inkZI+kQk'k djus osQ fy, dkI+kQh FkhaA
vizSy 1920 rd fczfV'k ljdkj osQ ikl vius X+kyr OkQneksa dks lgh Bgjkus osQ lkjs roZQ pqd x, FksA f[+kykI+kQr
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usrkvksa ls lkI+kQ&lkI+kQ dg fn;k x;k Fkk fd os vc vkSj vfèkd mEehn u j[ksaA rqdhZ osQ lkFk 1920 esa gqbZ lafèk
bl ckr dk lcwr Fkh fd rqdhZ osQ foHkktu dk iSQlyk vafre gSaA xkaèkhth dks blls Hkh xgjk nq%[k igq¡pkA og
f[+kykI+kQr usrkvksa osQ nksLr FksA uoacj 1919 esa f[+kykiQr lEesyu esa mUgsa fo'ks"k vfrfFk osQ :i esa cqyk;k x;k
FkkA xkaèkhth dks Hkh vglkl gqvk fd vaxzs”kksa us èkks[kk fn;k gSA
1920 esa xkaèkhth us f[+kykiQ desVh dks vaxzs”kh gqowQer osQ f[+kykiQ v¯gld vlg;ksx vkanksyu NsM+us dh lykg
nhA 9 twu 1920 dks bykgkckn esa f[+kykI+kQr desVh us bl lykg dks loZlEefr ls Lohdkj dj fy;k vkSj xkaèkhth
dks bl vkanksyu dh vxqokbZ djus dk vfèkdkj lkSaikA
blh chp dkaxzsl dks Hkh eglwl gksus yxk Fkk fd laoSèkkfud rkSjrjhdksa esa oqQN gkfly gksusokyk ugha gSA iatkc
minzoksa dh tk¡p djus okyh desVh dh fjiksVZ ls Hkh dkaxzsl dks fujk'kk gh gkFk yxhA dkaxzsl us [kqn bu ?kVukvksa
dh tk¡p djkbZ vkSj lp dk irk yxk;kA bl rjg fczfV'k gqowQer osQ joS;s ls {kqCèk dkaxzsl Hkh vlg;ksx vkanksyu
dk jkLrk vf[+r;kj djus dks rS;kj FkhA ebZ 1920 esa vf[ky Hkkjrh; dkaxzsl desVh dh cSBd gqbZ vkSj flracj
esa dkaxzsl dk fo'ks"k vfèkos'ku vk;ksftr djus dk iSQlyk fd;k x;kA mís'; Fkkμvkxs dh j.kuhfr r; djukA

ns'k dh turk Hkh vaxzs”kh gqowQer ls [kkj [kk, cSBh FkhA blls igys osQ pkj n'kdksa osQ jk"Vªh; vkanksyu us turk
osQ ,d cgqr cM+s rcosQ dks jktuhfrd :i ls lfØ; cuk;k FkkA vaxzs”kh gqowQer dh èkks[ksck”kh vkSj neu ls
turk dlelk mBh FkhA mls yx jgk Fkk fd vc pqi jguk dk;jrk gksxhA

blosQ vykok vk£Fkd dfBukb;ksa us Hkh turk dks la?k"kZ osQ fy, mdlk;kA izFke fo'o;q¼ osQ dkj.k eg¡xkbZ cgqr
c<+ xbZ FkhA uxjksa vkSj O+kQLcksa esa jgusokys e”knwj nLrdkj] eè;oxZ vkSj fuEu&eè;oxZ lHkh ijs'kku FksA [kk|kUuksa
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dh deh rks Fkh gh] OkQhersa Hkh vkleku Nw jgh FkhaA eqnzkLiQhfr yxkrkj c<+rh tk jgh FkhA fo'o;q¼ lekIr gksus
osQ ckn Hkh ;g Øe lekIr ugha gqvkA xk¡oksa esa fdlku vkSj [ksfrgj e”knwj lw[kk] egkekjh vkSj Iysx ls tw> jgs
FksA bu egkekfj;ksa dh pisV esa vkdj gtkjksa yksx ej x,A bl rjg 'kgjksa&xk¡oksa vkSj O+kQLcksa esa] lHkh txg v¡xzs”kh
gqowQer osQ f[kykI+kQ yksx dlelk jgs FksA fojksèk dh bl ÅtkZ dks lgh fn'kk nsus Hkj dh ”k:jr FkhA
igyh vxLr 1920 dks vkanksyu fNM+ x;kA xk¡èkhth us 22 twu dks gh okbljk; dks ,d uksfVl fn;k Fkk] ftlesa
fy[kk Fkk] ¶oqQ'kklu djus okys 'kkld dks lg;ksx nsus ls budkj djus dk vfèkdkj gj vkneh dks gSA¸ igyh
vxLr dks gh izkr% fryd dk fuèku gks x;kA fryd osQ fuèku ij 'kksd vkSj vkanksyu dh 'kq#vkr nksuksa ph”ksa ,d
lkFk fey xbZA iwjs ns'k esa gM+rky eukbZ xbZ] izn'kZu gq,] lHkk,¡ vk;ksftr dh xb± vkSj oqQN yksxksa us miokl j[kkA
flracj esa dydÙkk esa dkaxzsl dk vfèkos'ku gqvkA dbZ ofj"B usrkvksa osQ fojksèk osQ ckotwn vlg;ksx vkanksyu
dks dkaxzsl us eatwjh ns nh] bls viuk vkanksyu eku fy;kA fojksfèk;ksa esa izzeq[k lh-vkj- nklA mudk fojksèk foèkku
ifj"knksa (ysftLysfVo ,lsacyh) osQ cfg"dkj dks ysdj FkkA oqQN gh fnu ckn buosQ pquko gksus okys FksA ysfdu
cfg"dkj osQ fopkj ls vlgefr j[kusokyksa us Hkh dkaxzsl osQ vuq'kklu dk ikyu fd;k vkSj pqukoksa esa Hkkx ugha
fy;kA ”;knkrj ernkrkvksa us Hkh bldk cfg"dkj fd;kA

10-1 vlg;ksx vkanksyu (Non-Co-operation Movement)

fnlacj esa ukxiqj esa dkaxzsl dk ok£"kd vfèkos'ku gqvkA bl le; rd dkaxzsl esa van:uh fojksèk yxHkx [+kRe
gks pqdk FkkA foèkku ifj"knksa osQ pquko gks pqosQ Fks] blfy, blosQ cfg"dkj dk fooknkLin eqík Hkh [+kRe gks x;k
FkkA lh-vkj- nkl us Hkh bl lEesyu esa vlg;ksx vkanksyu ls lac¼ izLrko j[kkA ;g izLrko dkI+kQh yack&pkSM+k

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