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bdkbZ—10% jk"Vªh; vkanksyu vkSj Hkkjrh; Lora=krk
FkkA vlg;ksx vkanksyu dk;ZØe osQ rgr reke ph”ksa vkrh Fkha] tSls mikfèk;ksa vkSj iz'kfLri=kksa dks ykSVkuk] uksV
ljdkjh LowQyksa] dkWystksa] vnkyrksa] fons'kh diM+ksa dk cfg"dkjA bl izLrko esa ;g Hkh dgk x;k fd ckn esa turk
dks ljdkjh ukSdfj;ksa ls bLrhI+kQk nsus vkSj O+kQkuwu dk voKk&ftlesa dj vnk;xh u djuk Hkh 'kkfey gksμosQ fy,
Hkh dgk tk ldrk FkkA jk"Vªh; fo|ky;ksa dh LFkkiuk vkSj LFkkuh; fooknksa osQ fucVkjs osQ fy, iapk;rksa osQ xBu
dk Hkh izLrko FkkA gkFk ls drkbZ&cqukbZ dks izksRlkgu nsus rFkk ¯gnw&eqlfye ,drk dks c<+kok nsus ij fo'ks"k ”kksj
nsus dh ckr dgh xbZ FkhA NqvkNwr dks feVkus vkSj gj gky esa v¯glk dk ikyu djus dk l[r funsZ'k FkkA
xk¡èkhth us vk'oklu fn;k fd ;fn bu dk;ZØeksa ij iwjh rjg vey gqvk] rks ,d o"kZ osQ Hkhrj gh vk”kknh fey
tk,xhA bl rjg ukxiqj dkaxzsl lEesyu us tukanksyu osQ lafoèkku brj rjhO+ksQ viukus dh ?kks"k.kk dj nhA
Økafrdkjh vkradokfn;ksa osQ reke xqVksa us (”;knkrj caxky osQ) bl vkanksyu dks viuk leFkZu fn;kA
u, dk;ZØeksa ij vey djus osQ fy, dkaxzsl osQ laxBukRed <k¡ps esa Hkh dbZ ifjorZu fd, x,] mís'; Hkh cny
x;kA igys mís'; Fkk laoSèkkfud vkSj oSèkkfud rjhdksa ls Lo'kklu (lsYI+kQ xouZesaV) dh izkfIr] vc mís'; Fkk
v¯gld vkSj mfpr rjhO+kQksa ls Lojkt dh izkfIrA xk¡èkhth }kjk rS;kj dkaxzsl osQ u, lafoèkku us Hkh dkaxzsl osQ pfj=k
dks dkI+kQh gn rd cnykA
vc dkaxzsl osQ jks”kejkZ osQ dke dks ns[kus osQ fy, 15 lnL;h; dk;Zdkfj.kh xfBr dh xbZA fryd us 1916 esa
gh bldk izLrko j[kk Fkk] ij ujeiaFkh dkaxzsfl;ksa osQ fojksèk osQ dkj.k bls eatwjh ugha feyhA xk¡èkhth tkurs Fks
fd fdlh vkanksyu dks yacs le; rd pykus osQ fy, dksbZ ,slh desVh gksuh pkfg,] tks lky Hkj lkjk dkedkt
ns[krh jgsA LFkkuh; Lrj ij dk;ZØeksa dks veyh tkek igukus osQ fy, izns'k dkaxzsl lfefr;ksa dk xBu fd;k
x;kA budk xBu Hkk"kkbZ vkèkkj ij fd;k x;k] ftlls buesa LFkkuh; yksxksa dh T+;knk&ls&T+;knk Hkkxhnkjh gksA blosQ
ckn dkaxzsl us xk¡oksa&O+kQLcksa rd igq¡pus dk y{; cuk;kA bl rjg dkaxzsl laxBu dk nk;jk Hkh c<+k vkSj mldk
foosaQnzhdj.k Hkh gqvkA dkaxzsl us ;g Hkh r; fd;k fd tgk¡ rd laHko gks] ¯gnh dks gh crkSj laioZQ Hkk"kk bLrseky
fd;k tk,A
xk¡oksa vkSj O+kQLcksa esa Hkh dkaxzsl lfefr;k¡ xfBr dh xb±A lnL;rk I+kQhl pkj vkuk lky
dj nh xbZ ftlls X+kjhc yksx Hkh lnL; cu losaQA
dkaxzsl }kjk bldks viukus osQ iQyLo:i vlg;ksx vkanksyu dh ubZ ÅtkZ HkjhA tuojh 1921 ls iwjs ns'k esa
vkanksyu dh yksdfiz;rk c<+us yxhA xkaèkhth us f[+kykiQr usrk vyh Hkkb;ksa osQ lkFk iwjs ns'k dk nkSjk fd;k] lSdM+ksa
lHkkvksa esa Hkk"k.k fn, vkSj jktuhfrd dk;ZdrkZvksa ls eqykOkQkr dh] muls ckrphr dhA igys eghus esa gh g”kkjksa
Nk=kksa us (,d vk¡dM+ksa osQ vuqlkj 90]000) ljdkjh LowQyksa vkSj dkWystksa dks NksM+ fn;k vkSj jk"Vªh; LowQyksa vkSj
dkWystksa esa HkrhZ gks x,A ml le; ns'k esa 800 jk"Vªh; LowQy vkSj dkWyst Fks f'k{kk dk cfg"dkj if'pe caxky
esa lcls vfèkd liQy jgkA dydÙkk osQ fo|k£Fk;ksa us jkT;O;kih gM+rky dhA mudh ek¡x Fkh fd LowQyksa osQ
izcaèkd ljdkj ls viuk fj'rk rksM+saA lh-vkj- nkl us bl vkanksyu dks cgqr izksRlkfgr fd;k vkSj lqHkk"kpanz cksl
^us'kuy dkWyst* (dydÙkk) osQ izèkkukpk;Z cu x,A iatkc esa Hkh cM+s iSekus ij f'k{kk dk cfg"dkj fd;k x;kA
caxky osQ ckn blh dk uacj FkkA ykyk yktir jk; us ;gk¡ cM+k dke fd;k] gkyk¡fd 'kq: esa og blosQ leFkZd
ugha FksA cacbZ] mÙkjizns'k] fcgkj] mM+hlk] vle esa Hkh bl dk;ZØe ij dkiQh vey gqvk] ysfdu enzkl esa bls
liQyrk ugha feyhA
odhyksa us cM+s iSekus ij vnkyrksa dk cfg"dkj rks ugha fd;k] ysfdu ns'k osQ tkus&ekus odhyksa] tSls lh-vkj-
nkl] eksrhyky usg:] ,e-vkj- t;dj] fdpyw] oYyHk HkkbZ iVsy] lh- jktxksikykpkjh] Vh- izdk'ke vkSj vklI+kQ
vyh osQ odkyr NksM+us ls yksx cgqr izksRlkfgr gq,A la[;k dh n`f"V ls bl ckj Hkh caxky igys uacj ij jgk]
mlosQ ckn vkaèkz] mÙkjizns'k] dukZVd vkSj iatkcA
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