Page 10 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_PUNJABI

Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh0) )) )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
BØN fJ; soK :[~X dk shik dΩo g{oh soK fBoDk:e f;~X jØfJnk. jKbkfe :[~X d/ nzs ft~u (1763 ft~u)
gKvhu/oh ns/ e[M jØo |qK;h;h gqd/P UBQK B{z tkfg; eo fd~s/ rJ/ gqzs{ UBQK dh febkpzdh (fortification)
BjhA j ;edh ;h ns/ Gkos sØA UBQK dk g~sk eN frnk.
Ø
|qK;h;hnK dh jko d/ ekoD
|qK;h;hnK dh jko d/ ekoD
|qK;h;hnK dh jko d/ ekoD
|qK;h;hnK dh jko d/ ekoD
|qK;h;hnK dh jko d/ ekoD
|qK;h;hnK B/ fJ~e ;w/A ft~u nkgDh okiBhfse fi~sK Bk+ Gkosh ;z;ko B{z j?okB eo fd~sk ;h. gzqs{ nkyo
ft~u T[j jko rJ/. fJ; jko d/ ekoD j/mK fby/ ;BL
|qK;h;hnK dk :{og ft~u T[bMDkL
|qK;h;hnK dk :{og ft~u T[bMDkL nmQkothA Pskpdh ft~u |qK;h;h ;wokNK dh :{ogh fJ~SktK d/ ekoD
|qK;h;hnK dk :{og ft~u T[bMDkL
|qK;h;hnK dk :{og ft~u T[bMDkL
|qK;h;hnK dk :{og ft~u T[bMDkL
UBQK d/ ;kXBK s/ pj[s dpkn g? frnk. fJj ;wokN |oK; dh e[dosh ;hwktK B{z ;Ekfgs eoD bJh fJNbh,
p?bfinw ns/ iowBh ft~u tXD dh eØfPP eo oj/ ;B ns/ T[j T[BQK d/PK Bk+ :[~XK ft~u T[bM rJ/. n;b
ft~u T[BQK B{z fJ; y/so ft~u e[M ;Ω tor whb d/ y/so dh fInkdk fuzsk ;h ns/ Gkos ns/ T[~soh nwohek
d/ eJh r[Dk fInkdk t~v/ y/so dh x~N. Bshi/ tiØA fJj T[gfBt/P sK g{oh soK j~EØA fBeb rJ/ ns/ :{og
ft~u BjhA d/ pokpo dk jh y/so T[BQK B{z fwb ;fenk.fJzrb?Av nkgD/ nkg B{z :{og sØA nb~r wzBdk ;h ns/
U; dh T[; gqd/P ft~u gq;ko dh eJh fJ~Sk BjhA ;h. :{og ft~u T[; dh G{fwek e/tb Pesh^;zs[bB pDk
Ø
e/ o~yD dh jh ;h. T[j fJ~ewB Bk+ nkgD/ T[gfBt/PK d/ gq;ko ft~u b~frnk jØfJnk ;h. T[;B{z Io{o ;|bsk
fwbh ns/ T[;B/ Gkos ns/ T[Zsoh nwohek ft~u |qK; B{z gSkV fd~sk.
jK d/PK dhnK gqPk;fBe ftywsktK
jK d/PK dhnK gqPk;fBe ftywsktK
jK d/PK dhnK gqPk;fBe ftywsktK
d d d d dØjK d/PK dhnK gqPk;fBe ftywsktKjK d/PK dhnK gqPk;fBe ftywsktK^n;b ft~u |qK;h;h fJfsjk;ekoK B/ nkgD/ d/P dh n;|bsk bJh
nkgDh xNhnk Pk;B gqDkbh B{z dØPh mfjokfJnk j?. |qK;h;h ;oeko ;t/Skukoh ;h ns/ ;wokN d/
ftneshst s/ jh fBoGo eodh ;h. wjkB ;wokN b{Jh uQdt/A (1648^1715) d/ ekb sØA jh fJ; gqPk;B
Ø
dhnK ewIohnK ;g~PN j ojhnK ;B. T[; ekb d/ nB/e :[~XK d/ ekoD ft~sh jkbks ftrV rJ/ ;B. T[;dh
Ø
Ø
ws sØA pknd fJj jkbks jØo th ftrV rJ/. T[;d/ T[~sokfXekoh b{Jh gzQdot/A B/ nKgDhnK oy?bK,
Ω
feqgkgksoK ns/ n?P ;kXBK T[Zs/ jo th XB b[NkfJnk. d{i/ gk;/ fJzrb?Av ft~u fJ~e ikro{e nbgszso oki
Ø
eo fojk ;h.fj_r db d/ nXhB T[BQK B/ ;zftXkfBe ftt;Ek t~b edw tXkJ/ ns/ d/P ‘fJ~e soK nfGfPes
rDszso* pD frnk ;h. fJj ftt;Ek T[~sw ;h ns/ fJ; B/ d/P B{z fdB^gqshfdB PeshPkbh pDk fd~sk.
nkb|o/v bkfJb B/ |qK;h;h ftt;Ek d/ yyb/gD B{z jh dØPh mfjokfJnk j?. T[;d/ nB[;ko, v[gb/ dh tkg;h,
Ø
bk povB/ ns/ vnkP dhnK G[~bK, bkbh dh ndfwnsk nkfd sØA fes/ fInkdk b{Jh gzQdot/A dh GqKfsg{oD Bhsh
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Ø
ns/ T[;d/ n;woE wzsoh |oA; dh n;|bsk bJh fIzw/tko ;B.
d d d d dØjK ezgBhnK d/ rmB ft~u fGzBsk ^ jK ezgBhnK d/ rmB ft~u fGzBsk ^ ^ |qK;h;h ezgBh ;oeko dk fJ~e ftGkr ;h.ezgBh 55 b~y bhtq
jK ezgBhnK d/ rmB ft~u fGzBsk ^
jK ezgBhnK d/ rmB ft~u fGzBsk ^
jK ezgBhnK d/ rmB ft~u fGzBsk
(|q/Ae) dh g[zih Bk+ pDkJh rJh ;h fi; ft~uØA 35 b~y bhtq ;wokN B/ brkJ/ ;h. fJ; ezgBh d/ vkfJo?eNo
;oeko d[nkok wBØBhs ehs/ iKd/ ;B ns/ bkGKP ;oeko d[nkok gqfsnkG{s ;h. fJ; bJh UBQK B{z ezgBh
dh so~eh ft~u eØJh o{uh BjhA ;h. T[dk;hBsk J/Bh ;h fe 1715 ns/ 1765 d/ ft~u ezgBh d/ GkrhdkoK ft~u
eJh p?me BjhA jØJh ns/ ezgBh dk gqpzX ;oeko jh ubKdh ojh.Bshi/ tiØA ezgBh dh wkbh jkbs ftrVdh
Ø
ubh rJh. fJ~e ;w/A ft~u T[BQK dh fJj d[odPk jØ rJh fe T[BQK B{z nkgD/ nfXeko sØA wkbØ d/ tgkohnK
B{z ;kbkBk XB d/ pdb/ d/D/ gJ/. 1721 sØA 1740 s~e ezgBh T[Xko bJ/ XB Bk+ jh tgko eodh ojh.ezgBh
B{z ;w/A ;w/A s/ ;oeko t~bØA wdd fwbdh ojh ns/ T[j szpke{ d/ fJekfXeko ns/ bkNohnK d/ ;jko/ jh ubdh
ojh.nfijh ezgBh v[gb/ dh wfjzrh fJSktK ns/ :[~XK dh g{osh BjhA eo ;edh ;h.

B B B B BΩ;?Bk dh G{fwek ^ eoBkNe d/ :[~XK B/ fJj ;g~PN eo fd~sk fe ezgBh d/ Gkr dk T[d? iK n;s BΩ;?Bk dh
;?Bk dh G{fwek ^
;?Bk dh G{fwek ^
;?Bk dh G{fwek ^
;?Bk dh G{fwek ^
skes s/ fBoGo ;h.1746 ft~u |qK;h;h ezgBh B{z gfjbK ;kro ft~u ns/ fco Eb T[~s/ ftfPPNsk gqkgs jJh.
Ø
fJ;/ soK 1748^51 s~e th i ;|bsk v[gb/ B{z fwbh T[j T[; ;w/A ;h idØA nzro/ih B;?Bk fBPfeqn ;h. ;~s
Ω
Ø
;kbk :[~X d/ fdBK ft~u fJj fco ;feqn j rJh. T[;dh tfoPmsk d/ ekoD eKT{N bkbh, v[gb/ fizBh ;|bsk
Ø
gqkgs BjhA eo ;fenk ns/ idA vnkP Gkosh ;kro sØA ubk frnk sK nzro/iK bJh o;sk fpbe[b ;k| ;h ns/
Ø
nzro/iK dh fi~s ft~u eJh P~e BjhA fojk ;h. tkbN/no d/ nB[;ko nk;Nohnk d/ T[ZsokfXeko d/ :[~X ft~u |qK;
Ø
dh ib Pesh dk J/Bk jk;k jfJnk fe ;~s ;kbk :[~X d/ ;w/A T[; eØ+ fJ~e th ib gØs BjhA ;h.t~v/ fgN B/
Ø
fJ; tfoPmsk dk g{ok bkG T[mkfJnk.Bk e/tb Gkosh tgko o;s/ y[~b/ oj/ pbfe pzpJh sA ebe~sk s~e
Ø
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