Page 112 - DHIS204_DHIS205_INDIAN_FREEDOM_STRUGGLE_PUNJABI

Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh0) )) )
Gkosh ;[szsosk ;zrokw (1707^1947 Jh
BØN fe;kB nzd'bB ns/ okPNoh nzd'bB dk nN[~N foPsk eJh fdqPNhnK s'A wj~stg{oD ;h. fe;kB nzd'bB T[~E/ jh
T[~Go ;e/, fi~E/ okPNoh nzd'bB dh BhAj gkJh ik u[eh ;h. e/ob, gzikp, nKXo, :{H ghH ns/ fpjko fJ; d/
;gPN T[dkjoD jB.fJ; ft~u e'Jh j?okBh dh r~b BjhA ;h, feUAfe okPNoh nzd'bB B/ jh Uj g[Pm G{wh fsnko
ehsh ;h. fe;kBK ft~u okiBhfse u/sBk dk gq;ko ns/ UBK d/ ;zrmB ns/ nrtkJh dh fIzw/dkoh ;zGkbD d/
fJ~S[e ;ePw okiBhfse ekoieosktK dk T[d?, fi; ft~u fe;kB ;zxoP ;zGt j' ;fenk. fe;kB nzd'bB dh
ftukoXkok th okPNohnsk s/ nkXkfos ;h. fJ;d/ B/sk ns/ ekoieosk tor nkXko s/ fe;kBK d/ ;zrmB dk
;zd/P jh BjhA c?bk oj/ ;B, pbfe okPNoh ;[szsosk d/ bJh ;zzxoP eoD s/ th I'o d/ oj/ ;B. fit/A fe gfjb/
fbfynk ik u[fenk j?, Uj fe;kB ;Gk d/ Bkb Bkb eKro; d/ w?Apo th pDkUAd/ ;B.
fJj ;~u j? fe e[M fJbkfenK ft~u fit/A fpjko ft~u eKro; ns/ fe;kB ;Gk dh nrtkJh ft~u rzGho
wsG/d g?dk j' frnk, ns/ ed/ ed/ nfijk th b~rk fe fe;kB nzd'bB eKro; Bkb w[mG/V d/ o;s/ s/ ikD
tkbk j?, gqzs{ nfijk T[ZE/ jh j'fJnk fi~E/ tkwgzEh ekoieosk ns/ ekro; d/ d~yDgzEh ;woEe nkgDh
nkgDh fI~d s/ nV rJ/ ns/ fJ~e d{i/ Bkb u~bD Bz{ fsnko BjhA j'J/. nkw s"o s/ 1942 s~e fe;kB nzd'bB
ns/ okPNoh nzd'bB Bkb Bkb ubd/ oj/. 1942 s'A pknd id'A fe;kB nzd'bB okPNoh nzd'bB s'A fInkdk
d{o ubk frnk, sK Bk e/tb T[;dk iBkXko ewI'o j'fJnk, pbfe T[;dh nrtkJh ft~u th c[~N g? rJh.
fJ; soK fe;kB nzd'bB dk T[d? ns/ ftek; okPNoh ;[szsosk ;zrokw d/ Bkb nfGzB o{g Bkb i[fVnk fojk.

tgko ;zx nzd'bB
tgko ;zx nzd'bB
tgko ;zx nzd'bB (Trade Union Movement)
tgko ;zx nzd'bB
tgko ;zx nzd'bB
t?;/ sK Gkos pj[s gqkuhB ekb s'A jh T[d:'fre d/P ;h, ns/ :{ogh b'e Gkos s'A fsnko ehsk j'fJnk wkb
jh b?D nkUAd/ ;B. gqzs{ fJj T[d:'r e[Nho T[d:'r jh ;B. 18thA Pskpdh d/ nzfsw uoDK ft~u fJzrb?Av
ft~u T[d:'fre eqKsh nkJh, ns/ fJ; s'A pknd T[d:'r Xzd/ b[gs jh j' rJ/. ns/ Gkos e/tb e~uk wkb
T[sgkdB eoD tkbk d/P jh pD frnk.
gqzs{ fJj ;[Gkfte jh ;h fe fJ~E/ th T[d:'r^Xzd/ P[o{ j'D. Gkos ft~u nkXfBe T[d:'r^XzfdnK dh BhAj 1850
ns/ 1870 d/ ft~u gJh. 1853 ft~u bkov vbj"ih d/ o/bt/ g~so s'A pknd Gkosh ;zuko ;kXBK ft~u wPhBK
dk g:'r j'D b~rk. o/b bkJhBK d/ ftSkUD ns/ fJziB d/ bJh e'bk eZYD ft~u ;j;so wId{oK dk gq:'r j'D
bZrk. fJjh Gkosh wId{o tor dk nkozfGe ekb ;h. fJ;/ o/bt/ T[d:'r Bkb ;zpzfXs ;jkfJe T[d:'rK dk
ftek; Io{oh ;h. fJ;/ soK e'bk yBB ft~u ;j;so wId{o ezw eoD b~r/.
1854 ft~u pzpJh ft~u gfjbh e~gVk fwb y[~bh ns/ T[;/ ;kb ebe~sk ft~u gfjbh gN;B fwbh. fJ;/ soK
ukj T[d:'r ft~u th pj[s ;ko/ wId{o ezw eoD b~r/ ;B. e~gVk T[d:'r ft~u 1886 ft~u wId{oK dh ;zfynk
74,000 ;h i' 1905 ft~u 1,95,000 j' rJh. fJ;/ soK gN;B T[d:'r ft~u 1979^80 ft~u 27,494 wId{o
ezw eod/ ;B i' 1906 ft~u 1,54,962 j' rJ/ .ns/ e'bk ykDK ft~u 75,749 wId{o b~r/ ;B.

Gkosh wId{o tor Bz{ x~N wId{oh, bzp/ ezw d/ xzN/, fwbK ft~u n;t;E tksktoD, pkbeK s'A ezzw b?Dk ns/
fe;/ th ;[ftXktK dk Bk j'Dk nkfd d/ ;ko/ P'PDK Bkb fBpNDk ;h i' fe fJzrb"Av ns/ pkeh ;z;ko ft~u ;ko/ wid{oK
Bz{ nkozfGe fdBK ft~u ;fjD/ gJ/. fJ; s'A fJbktk UBK Bz{ P'Pe UgfBt/Pe oki dk d[ofttjko th ;fjDk fgnk.
gqzs{ fJ; UgfBt/Pe ;fEsh d/ ekoD Gkoh wId{o nzd'bB d/ ft~u fJ~e ftP/Psk nkJh. Gkosh wId{o
tor Bz{ d' go;go fto'Xh s~sK ;kwokitkdh okiBhfse nt;Ek ns/ Gkosh ns/ ftd/Ph g{zihgshnK
d/ P'PD dk ;kjwDk eoBk g?Adk ;h. fJ; ;fEsh d/ ekoD fJj nzd'bB nkgD/ nkg jh okPNoh ;[szsosk
nzd'bB dk jh Gkr pD frnk. noEks fJ; wId{o tor B/ nkgD/ nkofEe efbnkD ns/ okPNoh
;[szsosk bJh gq:sB ehs/.
Tgko ;zx dh gfoGkPk Gfosh nofis eoD tkb/ b'eK dk fJ~e ;EkJh ;zx j/. fi; dk T[d/P wId{oK d/
ihtB ;so Bz{ pDkJ/ o~yDk iK T[;Bz{ ;[XkoD dk gq:sB eoBk j?. okiBhfse T[d/PK ns/ nkdoPK B/ ns/
fJ; dh nkgDh tXdh j'Jh Pesh B/ fJ; nzd'bB Bz{ pj[s gqGkfts ehsk j?.
Gkosh tgko ;zx d/ d' w[~y g~y^wId{oK dh T[d:'fre ;"d/pkIh ns/ fJ; d/ f;XKse nB[o{gD Bz{ fpqjd
okPNotkdhnK d/ ;kwoki d/ fto[ZX bV/ ik oj/ ;zxoP ns/ nzsookPNoh wId{o ;zrmB d/ ;zdoG ft~u t/yDk
j't/rk.

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