Page 120 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

fJekJh^5L Bhe'b' w?uhTftbh

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;ofynk dh jkioh T¤s fBoGo eodk j, ns Twrh bJh we oki d ndo eoD dh ;woEk d / B'N
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nkXko T¤s tkXk eoD d bJh. fJe ;ftt;fEs oki th fJe j fiE BkrfoeK ƒ TBK d ewK d eM
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ekƒBh Bshik bJh gsk ;h. fJ;bJh, wunftbh fJe soe;rs ekƒBh gDkbh j fe wBwkBkgB
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;ckfJnk, rkoNh ekƒBh ;wkBsk dk g;skt j, ;faekfJsA d SNeko bJh gefonktK ƒ Bwh, got
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ftnkgh ekƒBK fBfPX j?, ns ekƒBK ePbsk goD ns sih tbA wko gkfJnk.
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• wunftbh th gPfuw ;kfiP dh gfjbh fJe fij f;XKs fsnko ehsh j. TBK dk wBDk j fe
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finkdkso okiBhse jbksK PVfJsogoD iK edos ftu ekTANo PVfJsogoD ;B. bVkJh dh
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ebk ftu Tj ci dk wekpbk Bkb ukb pokpo j, jokBh dh bV, rgs, :iBk, fsnkoh,
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buhbkgB, sIh, fBPgkdB ftu fBPfussk, PesnK ns ewiohnK dk nkebB, ns ubke. Tj
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th ;wkB jD d og ftu okiBhse ns cih nrtkJh ƒ ;wfMnk. Tj nkXfBe cih ftfrnkB dh
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;EkgBk ehsh j, fJ; geko i be T;dk fgSk ehsk d wfo; tbA Clausewitz ƒ gqGkfts.
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• wunftbh Bkrfoe rDssotkd dh exponents ftuA fJe ;h, Bodin ihB (1529$30^1596),
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jp;, Harrington, ;fgBik, Montesqueu, o{;K, poe, j/r/b ns/ vh fit/A ftftX gfjb{nK tb'A
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goDkdkfJe pknd f;XKsekoA. ns TBK d ;wekbh coK;;e Guicciardini (1483^1540)
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;;Ekrs ns Bfse Tguko fBoXkos eoD bJh ;ofyns ns Bkrfoe nikdh dh ofynk. fJe
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;fEo d;Grsh BkrfoeK, i' tkoh ftu fBih wBk|k (ftPP og tbA g;k dh yi) T¤s urh
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;kotifBe irk ukjhdk j dnkok fttfus be^oki, rNhJ ebj tbA puBk j, ns nkgDh
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fJfSnk tbA nkgD dP dh ofynk d bJh, nikdh dh rkoNh bJh bVBk j. d;Grsh Bkrfoe
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wkwbnK ns Xow, Jh;kJh Xow d fJbktk jo ftu BkrfoeK dh brksko Gkrhdkoh tbA brksko
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;h. bJh wjstgoD wdk fJe tkfDfie ;wki ftu BkrfoeK d ftu Bkrfoe virtu dh ;GktBk
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;h. Tj ;BwkB jD d og ftu ;ft; T¤s tfynk j, bfeB Tj Pk;eK fe :og iK fJNbh dh
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Ioos BjhA gdkB eo ;edk j. ;wf;nk fJj j fe dk ;kwDk th MrV dk fJpB (1332^1406)
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khaldun i nkg; ftu nBfus ;fGnsk ns ;kwif;n d og ftu ;theko ehs iKd j. bfeB,
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;wf;nk fJj gfjbk ss gdkB PfjoK ns iBiksnK 2 d Bkb jb ehsk frnk ;h. khaldan d /
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bJh, soe, nop ns Pk;eK ns :XktKi Tsgkde Pfjoh ns sedentarized dfBnK d /
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unchesive atomized wkjo goe jtrk dh fJe nNN nkgosh gdkB ehsh j.
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• wunftbh th fJe Bkrfoe virtu Bkb ;{MtkB ;µftXkBe wPhBoh, d/ o{g ftZu d/ o{g ftZu uµrh
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soQK tb'A fwPos ;µftXkBK d/ wjZst d/ o{g ftZu no;s{, Polybius ns JeftBk; dnK ouBktK
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ftu ftnes idA fe Guiccairdini Bkb fJe fttkdkswe ftu TbMkD d wjst T¤s io fdsk.
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g;dhdk fgSb fJe no;s, tfB; ;iwh nfGiks tor. wunftbh dk dbhb ;h fe fJe
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fwbh^ibh ;oeko ftu ty^ty torK, soiwkBh dnK ;;EktK d wkfXnw tbA, fJe di dh
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Pesh dh ;hwk jdh j, fi;d Bkb ;ko bJh nikdh ;fB;fus eoD. nikdh dh ;ofynk bJh fJe
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Iooh Pos d og ftu ;hfws ;oeko d fJ; ofynk fJe gogok j fe ni th ikoh j Po eo
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fdsk. wunftbh nkPt;s th ehsk frnk ;h fe ekBB d Pk;B rNhJ ns fBih fjsK dk
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nfXbxB jdk j, ns fJ;bJh Tj fJe ;ftXkB ƒ ekfJw oyrh fe nB ekBB d Pk;B dh ofynk
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