Page 197 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

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noE Pk;so dk BtK ftfrnkB dnkok fBodPs nksw d dnko nkc ekwo; wBy n;shst d spdhbh
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T¤s frD iKd. ftnkt;kJheoD wBy nkgD gotkrojA ƒ fe TBK d ;u jD dh Ioos xv d SNeko gkTD
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ftu wdd fwbrh. nkw dh Ioos s fJSktK ƒ rD dP gSkDBk dnkok, wBy fJ; geko fgSbh eNVsktkd
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d Xkofwe, iksh s okPNoh gko TBK d wBysk dh yi ehsh. fJZe tko PKshgoB Nv d fyu d dnko /
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wfjs, wBy d cih ekoBkw ns bVkJh bJh B|os tXkTD d Bkb tyDk jtrk. tDi fwsftnkfJsk, wkbh
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jkbs, ;iw, ew ftte, PKsh, ftt;Ek ns fB:w ftu fbnkfJnk. Montesquieu dh ofynk dk
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ftfBowkD, tDi, fts, g;k ns fJE se fe ftbkf;sk dh T;ƒ BjhA etb Monderns d Bkb ns :BkBnK
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d fybkc nkgDk oya bD T¤s th pAEw ns ofteKs ;pX tgko ns tDi bJh jwPk PKsh d nkXko d og
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ftu gGkfts eoD bJh ;woEktkB jDk ukjhdk j. tkbNo wik d fiBK ftuA jo fJe s deums dh bVkJh
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d pknd nkgD fPfto ‘u rkfJnk ;h okiktK ‘u poked ns fJe republ pukt eod.
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nmkojtA ;dh noEks cruce le XBh cynee iK BthA cyneas (1623), gB d toswkB ns Gfty d PKsh d /
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:og (1693), ;AN fgno fJe go:iBk bJh pDk ojh PKsh jwPk :og (1713) , o;K d fJe ;EkJh PKsh
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:og d cvoPB (1774) d wkfXnw tbA, nfij ftu fePDeKs dh jwPk PKsh (1795) ns/ ventham dh
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:iBk bJh fJe :fBto;b ns jwPk PKsh (1789) d tb fBpX bVkJh ƒ ysw eoD ns PKsh ;Ekgs
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eoD bJh go:iBktK j fe tbA Gfonk jfJnk ;h. ruce ;BktK ukjhdk j yasw eo fdsk frnk ns fJe
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dBhnk ndkbs bJh fejk iKdk j fe ;Mkn fdsk j. ruce dk wjst j fe nsookPNoh ;rmBK
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nsookPNoh fttkdK ƒ jb eoD bJh wjstgoD ;B TBK dh dodofPsk. tyok :iBktK d ftu PKsh
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penn fBo;soheoD nsookPNoh PKsh bJh ;GsA goGkth rkoNh d og ftu ;wkB j eoD bJh nkr ;h.
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Tj dy ns pe bVkJh d ftBkP ƒ tyd jJ PKsh d wjst T¤s io fdsk. ieo ;xoP fJe Tfus sohek
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ftu jb ehsk ik ;fenk bVkJh BnK d fJe YKu d ndo dBK nkdwhnK ns ;wjK bJh ofenk ik ;edk j.
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ieo ;oekoK eƒB bkr fBogy BnK ;fB;fus ehsk ik ;edk j. :og ftu mamtetaining PKsh d bJh,
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Tj fJe ;gG ;;d d :ogh fttkdK dk ;kwje og tbA |;bk ns |;bk jkbKfe nwohek jD th nKsfoe
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wkwbhnK ftu nkgDh ;gGsk pDkJ oyD ;edk j bkr eoD bJh fJ; geko :ogh ;x dh ;dj d;dk
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g;skfts.
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Abbe v ;AN dh soK o;K (1658^1743) dk wBDk ;h fe cvoPB ;EkJh PKsh dh ;EkgBk ehsh. Tj
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;yg ftu fgno ;Eb :iBktK ns df;nk fe fBih :XK ftu ;oekoK dh ;;Ek d Bkb oe fdsh frnk j, ?
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idA fe tv :XK fJe ;x okPNo f;oc okPNo d og ftu fJeiN eorh d rmB d Bkb ofenk ik ;edk
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j, nkdwhnK d nfXeko eƒB d sfjs fJeiN j ikU. TBKB fJe nfijh ftt;Ek d og ftu fJj
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n;shst, :oghJ ;oho, ;th; bhr, ns BhdobAv d fJe fij oki ftu fJe GoD og ftu, ns rohe
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amphictyons, fJNo;eB lucumonips, bfNB ferIe ns f;Nh bhr rb; d gotiK ;h BtK BjhA t /
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fynk frnk j fe. ;x dh ;cbsk d bJh, o;K nBpX uko Iooh PosKL (1) jo wjstgoD Pesh jDk
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Iooh j fJe wApo, (2) Tj eƒB ekƒB pkX: jDk ukjhdk jl (3) fJe pbgote io d jo oki d fJe fij /
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jb dk gkbD eoD bJh wipo eoD ftu ;woEktkB jDk ukjhdk jl ns (4) eJh wApo tkg; bD bJh
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nkfrnk fdsh ik ;edh.
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o;K d :iBk d gi by Pkfwb ;B. gfjbK p;B ns ftubrh iK ekƒBh xPDktK tbA yasw eoD bJh
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