Page 232 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI

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eo fJe ambivalent Bkohtkdh pAEw eM wehnK T¤s frnk ;h, sK Tj, pjs ;ko finkdk, fJe gpb
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TBK dh nksweEk (1873) ftu, i J; ueh gGkt j fe pAEw nosK d ekoDK ftuA fJe ufgnB d og ftu
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wskfXeko dh T;d pknd fJBeko dk uouk eoD ftu n;cb.
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pAEw TgfBtPtkd d fybkc ;h, ns dbhba fdsk j fe fJj dBK colonizers ns/ ekb'BhnK bJh GVk ;h.
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TBKB nksw^;oeko ;kwoki d ndo dk f;XKs ngBkeo fJrbAv fJe yPh dk ftnesh pDkTD bJh eoDk
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Tj (colonizers) ns ;kƒ (colonizers) d ftu GdGkt d fybkc ;h. Tj Gkosh ;Xko ndbB ftu ouh
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bentinck, rtoBo iBob 1827, ftu Gkos dk ;woEB j ns Gkos ftu ;XkoK ƒ Po eoD bJh gfos
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ehsk. 1793 ftu pAEw |oK; nkgDh ekbBhnK ƒ nkIkd eokTD bJh gfSnk.
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pAEw, f;fynk, d ;pX ftu ;Xko d g;sktK tbA gfos fJe ewNh dk rmB ehsk ns bdB ftu fJe
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ehsk. pb, ftfdnkoEhnK d SN schoolmates, f;ykD bJh T¤Bs nfXnkgB dnkok f;fynk dh fJe
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nkgD christomathia, f;fynk, T¤s fJe fwN ;frj fJe gsbh ykDk ƒ fJe encydopaedic skfbek ftu
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;ko frnkB ƒ rb brkTD tbA ;G eM ƒ eto eoD bJh TsPkfjs. 1825 ftu, i; ueh g;ko d /
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bkGdkfJe ;;sk iK fBL Pbe Tg:rsktkdh tractes tv BIo tbA frnkB bJh ;wki dh ;EkgBk ehsh.
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p/AEw r[bkw ns/ gP[nK, dh wkBth T[guko r[bkwh d/ T[Bw{bB gZy championedH Tj wfsTdv d fybkc
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;h. T;dh ;fink d Bkb bkJhB ftu ;h fe yPh we;d io wkBth ;Gkn ns efonk ftu, Tj ;G ebk
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ns wBy ;y bJh TBK d :rdkB d nB;ko ftfrnkB bJh fJZe wk;No gbkB d/ og ftu fJe
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encyclopediacal doys sketched H Tj 17 rD j fe fJZe GkPk ftu ukjD :r ;B torhfes eoe fJe
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nsookPNoh GkPk, ftef;s j fojk dh fdPk ftu :rdkB fdsk. Tj th ;kotGfwe ftnkeoD d f;XKsA '
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ftu Tfbfys. TBKB fJNoBPBb fitA BtA Ppd rVk, ;ese PpdK ftu pdbBk, ƒ nfXesw, nfufsn,
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