Page 230 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI
P. 230

fJekJh^9L i/o/wh p/AEw{/


                                                                                                  B'N
                       '
                     /
                        /
                                                        Z
                                           [
                                                                        [
        fJbIkw brkTAd jJ PkfJd montesquieu T;ƒ fJ; ykwhA ftu nrtkJh ;h fe dnkok helvetius poh
                   [
                                  /
                                      /
                                         Z
                                                   '
        eoD dh e;faP ehsh. fco th, pAEw B fNgDh dh fe dBK helvetius ns/ montesquieu ;B\L
                '
                                        [
                            Z
                         '
               HHH dkoPfBeA fJIs tkbk ehsk TBK d wBysk bJh dBK TBKƒ nSk gsh ns ur fgsk
                                                                Z
                                                            Q
                                                                         /
                                                                            /
                                                                           µ
                                                           [
                                            /
                                         Q
                                               [
                                                       '
                                               Z
                   [
                               ?
                                                               /
                   Z
                                      /
                                                          µ
               dh Gb fetA ;edk j Tj rJ j fe fJe nfB:fss g;d ns i fdb PkfJd d Bkb
                                        ?
                                                                            /
                                                      q
                        /
                                  [
                                                                 '
                                             Z
                                                    µ
                                                                             [
                              '
                                                            Z
               B|os repelled tbA gfjbK BjhA nfj;kB swkPk affored fJe jhoHHH go;fes dh sbDk
                                                                    [
                                                                '
                                                                        q
               jok; nos dh pikJ d TBK dBK ƒ ;tesk ;B rbkwh d fybkc, fetA Tj fJe ekƒB
                                                     [
                                                                    /
                                            [
                                                                      [
                      '
                                                           /
                      '
                                 /
                                    Q
                                                                          Z
                                       '
                               /
                                   [
                                                             µ
                                                                     Z
                                                                             ?
               j? i' wB[Zy gqiksh dh nZXh r[bkwh tb'A nZSk supposes dh gP;k ftu rb ;edk j.
                                                            q
                                                                 Z
                                     '
                       [
                                                                           µ
                                  Z
                                                    /
         µ
                                                                                   '
        ;;dh ;Xko bJh T;dh :iBk, ftu nosK d wskfXeko pAEw ;woEB ehsk j, bfeB ;ftXkBe ev ftu
                                                                      /
                                     '
                                                                                      Z
                                          /
                            '
                                                                   ?
              [
                                                                    [
                                                          /
                                                /
                                                                    Z
                   '
                             /
        Tj nfj;k; jfJnk fe T¤E frnk ;h jkbKfe nosK d wskfXeko d Bkb rbs eM th BjhA, ;wK fJ;d bJh
                           [
         [
                                                                                    /
                                            '
                                            '
                         [
                                        [
        gfenk BjhA ;h fe. T;dh nouh ;h feTAfe BjhA nosK dh ;woEk ns ;wMdkoh bJh tN ewh ofj rJh
                                [
                                                                           '
                                                         Z
                                                                Z
                                                              /
                                                '
                                                '
                                                                   Z
             /
                                         '
                                                                                ?
        ;h, bfeB feTAfe goPK fJj sK T;dk ftoX jdk fJj pjs jh ekoB yaso ftu gkTDk ;edk j. ;oeko
                                                                        [
                   [
                                            µ
                                            [
                                                                 /
                                  [
                       [
                                                    [
                                                             Z
                                     Z
                                         [
        ftu nosK dh Gkrhdkoh bJh d og ftu, TBKB wfj;; ehsk fe fJj eM th BjhA bfeB Gbyk ns Tgjk;
                                                                                   [
          Z
                                 {
                                /
                                                             [
             '
             '
                                                                            /
                                           /
                                                                      /
                                                {
                                                                           [
                                                                                 /
                                          Q
        eoD d bJh dk nrtkJh eoDr. nkXko j fe goPK d ngfoget ;B ns TBKƒ ftu nosK dh nkfrnk
                                /
              /
                                                                           '
                                             [
                                         ?
                                                  /
                                                                 /
                                                                   [
                                                                        Z
                                                                           '
                                                                    Q
                      /
        dD tbA wBkjh eork T¤s pAEw nosK dh enfranchisement ns ;oeko ftu Gkrhdkoh dk ftuko ykfoi
                                                                 Z
         /
              '
                                                         /
                            /
                              /
                                  '
                          [
                                  '
                                              Z
                                         '
                                                      q
        eo fdsk. fJj eM BjhA ;ukJh fJj j fe nosK ftu iK sK gshGk iK dh ;woEk nDjAd d Bkb eoDk ;h.
                                                                  Z
                                         '
                                     ?
                                                                        '
                     [
             Z
                     Z
                                                                            /
         /
                                                                                 '
                                     [
              q
                                                                                     q
        pAEw fdP ;h fe ;kwkie n;wkBsk edosh n;wkBsk ftu fJ;dh iVA dk ;woEB eoD bJh eJh gwkD
                                                    Z
                                                              '
                                              /
                                                                             ?
                                            Z
                                                                                    '
                                                                                /
                                                                       '
                                      [
                          /
                             '
                                                      '
                    [
                            '
                                   Z
                                                                                    '
                                                 [
                                                      '
        BjhA gkfJnk. goPK ns nosK d ftu edosh wsGd ibw nosK bJh nkXko BjhA j ;edk j. ieo pfXe
                                 /
                                         '
                             [
                                         '
                                                                           '
                                                                Q
                                    [
                      Z
                                                    Z
                                                                     Z
                                                               [
                                                                                    µ
                                                                                 /
        rshftXhnK bJh xN fcN goPK dh sbDk nosK ftykJh fdsk, sK fJj TBK dh f;fynk, i nkgD noG dk
                                           [
               '
                                                 /
        ;kbK tbA Phb, ftBwosk ns PXsk dh soK rDK dh ysh bJh ;wogs ;h ekoB ;h.
                               /
                                         Q
                                [
                                Z
        pAEw nosK dk fttkfje ihtB ns :B nfXekoK bJh ;wkB og tbA ;tdBPhb ;h. Tj fJe BkyP ftnkj
                                                              /
              '
         /
                                                      {
                                                                                 [
              '
                                                             µ
                                                                            Z
                                  /
                                    '
                                                                        [
                                                           '
                                               Z
                                                                     Q
                Z
              /
                                                  '
                                                               Z
        d wkwb ftu fJe sbke gkgs eoD dk nfXeko fJe nos bJh dbhba fdsk. TBKB fJe ppdb fBekj dk
                                                  '
                            q
                    Z
                                                                            /
         /
                                                                         Z
                                                                       /
                                                                    [
                                                                 Q
                            /
                                                                    '
                                                                         /
                                  /
                                                    Z
                                                                    '
                  Z
                                                                                   /
                      [
                     /
             /
                               {
        ;Xh d og ftu psek ns eoo d ftuko ƒ ykfoi eo fdsk. rbkwK dh soK nosK d dhB ;B ns ;wki
               {
         µ
                                                        [
        ftZu fBZih nkdwhnK d o{g ftZu fJbki BjhA.
                         /
                           ?
                                              q
                               /
                                                                         [
                  /
                                 /
                                        Z
        fJj fXnkB dD bkfJe j fe i J; ueh fJe fJ; geko dh GktBk ƒ djokfJnk, ns T; dk; ehsh j, ns /
                                    Z
                                                                                   ?
                                                                       /
                                                            [
                                                                             /
                                                                               Z
                                                                        '
                                       ?
        eM wkwbhnK ftu nosK dh jkbs tX GVk Bkb j fe dk; d pokpo ;h. dk; ns nosK d ftu ;kd;fan
                                                                                    q
         Z
                                    Z
                                                                        '
         [
                                              ?
                        '
                                                     /
                    Z
                        '
                                                                      /
                                                               /
                                                                 Z
         /
              /
                                                             {
                                                                                  /
                                                                                    [
                                                Z
                       Z
                                Z
        pAEw d fbykJh ftu ftykJh fdsk. ikD gfjukD ftu, TBKB no;s d ofynk rbkwh ehsh ns T;dh
                                                                       [
                                                     Q
                                                    [
                                                       /
                                      Z
        wbsL Bkoh ftoXh jB nk;B d ftu fJe eohph eVh wfBnk iKdk j. ;gPN og tbA pAEw, jp;, fit /
                                                                                 '
                                                                         '
         {
                                                                           /
                                /
                                                   µ
                                  Z
                    '
                                                            ?
                                                                     {
                                                                 Z
         q
        gkuhB ekb bJh pjs xN ;BwkB ;h. pAEw, bJh nosK ns dk; dBK dhB ;B, ns TBK d TsghVB
                                        /
                                                                              Q
                                                              '
                                                                            [
                                                                                  [
                                                 '
                                                 '
                                                                          /
                                                        /
                                                                                /
                        [
                           Z
                                          /
        fgifv; dnkok ikfJi ;h. 1789 ftZu TBKB fNgDh dh L
                                             Z
                [
                                         Q
           [
                                       [
          q
                              /
                                                   '
                                                                          '
                                         µ
                                       '
                                {
                                   Z
                          '
                                                                   /
                                                             Q
               BhroK ns nos d og ftu, i fJBk finkdk io d Bkb TBK d gotP dk ftoX eodk
                                                           [
                       /
                          '
                                                               /
                                                      /
                                     /
                                   [
                                                                          Z
                                                                          [
                     /
               j, T¤E BjhA eo ;fenk T¤s ftoX gGkt gkJ d ;oho T¤s ekp gkTD bJh eM nihp
                 ?
                   [
                                                                   [
                                                                {
                                           q
                                                  /
                                                          [
                                                            /
                                                    /
                                        '
                             /
                                                           Z
                                                                    q
               doxNBk d dnko ;h Tj ;B wfoN dh fJe fvroh dk fJe wips gwkD bJh fpjso
                        /
                          [
                                                                 {
                 [
                                  [
                                                Z
                                        /
                                                    Z
                 '
                  /
               jtrk fe fe; th rohnK d ftu ns goPK d ftu gkfJnk ik eoD d bJh.
                                                  /
                                    /
                                             [
                                           /
                              '
                                      Z
                                                                    /
                          /
         /
                                                                               /
                                                                             [
                                                  Z
                         /
                              /
                                      µ
                                         /
                   '
                   '
                                                     '
        pAEw th fe nosK T¤s nkgD ;wK dk nroIh ekƒB fdsk jfJnk ;hfws ekƒBh Py;hns T¤s efjDk ;h.
                        [
                           /
        Tj, ns nosK d fjsK d og ftu ty goPK, d TBK beK tbA ukj fJbki fJ; ekƒBK d jNkD fJSs fgsk,
                                Z
                             {
                     /
               /
         [
                 '
                 '
                                   Z
                                                      '
                                                 '
                                                         /
                                                                                Z
                                                                         /
                                            /
                                      [
                                               Q
                                              [
                                                                                                             223
                               LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY
   225   226   227   228   229   230   231   232   233   234   235