Page 292 - DPOL201_WESTERN_POLITICAL_THOUGHT_PUNJABI
P. 292
fJekJh^12L ekob wkoe;L tor ;µxoP ns/ ;kwkie spdhbh ns/ nfXP/P w[Zb d/ f;XKs
B'N
q
/
{
/
[
"
{
'
Z
/
{
?
[
Z
ftPPsktK ;B. gfjbk, Tj widk ew ftykfJnk d og pbK j fe wBy ekp tbA pkjo ;B ftu tV rJ.
[
/
[
Z
'
/
/
[
/
jkbks wBwkfBnk BjhA ;B, bfeB nkgD nkg d wBkcak bJh beK d eM torK dnkok ;Ekgs. dik, ftukoK
{
'
/
'
Z
{
/
"
dh ftnkfynk fetA widk nkdP ;wki ftu jo eJh bkGKfts. shik, ftukoK ƒ fJe yk; soK tbA ckfJd /
Q
Z
Z
wd j, noEks gwy nkoEe tor d fjsK ƒ pVktk dD bJh ns tor ftPPkfXekoA dh ofynk d og ftu
'
q
[
Z
/
/
/
{
Z
/
/
?
µ
Z
widk eqw ftykfJnk. n;bh jehes b[ek jfJnk j, i wkoe; Mm usBk d og ftu tofDs ehsk frnk
{
'
"
'
{
/
?
{
Z
/
/
;h.
'
/
{
{
Pk;e tor d ftukoK ƒ jo :r ;skoYa ftukoK ftu jBL tor j i ;wki d ;skoYa
Z
Z
/
[
Z
?
Z
;kwroh io j, :kBh, fJe jh ;wK ftu nkgDh ;skoYa pfXe io T¤s j. tor j i '
/
Z
Z
?
?
Z
'
"
{
'
[
?
Z
[
/
[
[
Z
/
nkgD fBgNkB ftu ;kwroh d TsgkdB dk wsbp j, wkBf;e TsgkdB d ;kXBK T¤s /
?
/
Q
?
'
µ
'
"
fJe jh ;wK ftu ekp j, fJBk j fe fJ; soK nkw so T¤s pb fojk jK, TBK i wkBf;e
Q
[
/
[
?
{
Z
Z
Z
/
TsgkdB d ;kXBK dh ewh d ftukoK d nXhB jB. foPsk i fJe tor fJe ;skoYa j, ?
/
/
Z
{
Z
[
'
[
[
{
/
/
Z
q
Z
q
/
fJ;bJh nkgD gGst d ftukoK fJ;bJh, ;skoYa ftukoK gwy ;kwroh foPs, gwy
Z
q
[
Z
/
;kwroh ftukoK d og ftu ;wfMnk foPshnK d nkdoP goekPB tbA fInkdk eM BjhA
/
'
{
[
Z
Z
/
eo oj jB.
/
q
/
Z
ftukoXkok, nkoEe fBnshtkd ns tor ;xoP d Bkb Bkb, fJe ;kwkie eKsh d pko ftu fbnkTD dhnK
/
µ
[
/
Z
?
Z
'
ePPK ftu Pofwe tor bJh oDBhshe rkfJv gdkB ehsh j.
q
12H2 g{µihtkd d/ ftPb/PD (Analysis of Capitalism)
'
{
/
{
?
/
[
[
'
wkoe; gihtkd d ekoeK dnkok gfoGk fPs ehsk frnk j, gfjbh tko widoh fwjBs d tos d dnko.
/
µ
[
/
Z
Q
[
[
/
[
µ
?
/
/
{
µ
okiXkBh ftu, TBKB fejk fe gihtkd gdk jdh j idA etb TsgkdB ns riko d ;kXB d wkfbeK niakd
?
/
'
/
{
{
{
wido nkgDh fwjBs Pesh tuD d Bkb pkiako ftu fwbD. gihtkd d nkXko widoh fwjBs ;h.
/
Z
µ
/
/
µ
'
'
{
[
gihtkd dh dih ftPPsk gfoGk fPs TsgkdB, i xo dk gGkt ns xo dh soK fBih ikfJdkd tbA ty
q
/
{
Q
Z
/
/
Z
{
Z
µ
{
/
ehsk frnk ;h wsbp j dh fBih ;tkfwst ;h. TsgkdB d ;kXB d ;tkfwst gihtkd dh wjstgoD ftP /
?
[
[
/
/
Q
'
µ
Z
[
Z
[
q
Psk ;h, bJh fJj eM eoD bJh gshpfXs ehsk frnk ;h. i eM th nkgD nkg dk BjhA ;h TBK d fwjBs
µ
/
/
{
Pesh tuD bJh wipo ehsk frnk ;h ns sBykj noie pB rJ. ftuko j fe fwjBs etb rohpK dh
/
?
/
ikfJdkd ;h ftfbnw cobbett (1763^1835) tb'A gkgs ehsk frnk ;h. wfXfnT[rhB ftgohs guilds-
q
men, Tj nkgD nkg d bJh, bfeB d;ohnK bJh ew BjhA ehsk. wkoe; wBkfJnkL
/
µ
{
/
/
[
'
/
Z
'
'
'
?
nkdwh j i nkgD fwjBs Pesh dh sbDk ftu eJh jo ikfJdkd d eb j, ;wki ns /
?
[
/
Z
'
µ
'
/
;;fesh d ;ko goh;EshnK ftu, jo beK ƒ, i nkgD nkg ƒ fwjBs dh ;kwroh
/
/
q
'
Z
/
/
/
?
PosK d wkfbe pDk fdsk j dk rbkw jDk ukjhdk j. Tj etb TBK dh nkfrnk d Bkb
Q
[
'
[
?
[
/
[
?
Z
/
µ
/
ew eod jB, fJ;bJh TBK dh nkfrnk d Bkb jh ofj ;ed j.
Q
/
/
Z
'
'
'
Gotha (1875) gorokw dh nkbuBk ftu, wkoe; ofynk jfJnk j fe Gb jh oki d TsgkdB d ;kXB d /
?
[
/
{
µ
{
/
/
µ
;tkfwst, widoh fwjBs jD th ikoh ojrk. fJj n;bh ;wkitkd, bfeB gihtkd, noEks oki gihtkd
/
[
{
d fJe BtA pdbkt dk BjhA ;h. eJh nkbueK ne;o fJj dbhba fdsk j fe got ;ftns ;x d fJe ;u /
/
/
/
'
{
?
Z
Z
µ
Z
'
Z
/
{
Z
{
q
µ
;wkitkdh oki BjhA ;h, bfeB oki gihtkd d fJe nfsnkukoh, BP; og.
/
µ
285
LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY