Page 108 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_HINDI

bdkbZμ5% jktuhfrd lekthdj.k

ySloSy dk oxks± dk leku leqPp; uksV

dkjd laLFkk,¡ çHkko
lÙkk ljdkj vkSj dkuwu egRoiw.kZ fu.kZ;ksa osQ lacaèk esa leFkZu çkIr djuk vkSj
leFkZu nsuk (çkfèkÑr çfrc¼rk,a ykxw djus ;ksX; gksaxh]
;fn bUgsa pqukSrh nh xbZ rks ,slk djus okyksa dks dM+h ltk
nh tk;sxhA
Kku tu&laidZ osQ lkèku vkSj lekpkj ;k oSKkfud lwpuk nsuk ;k çkIr djuk] oSKkfud
çdk'kuA

lEink m|ksx] èku vkSj lk[k lsokvksa ;k lalkèkuksa dks çkIr djukA
dY;k.k iks"k.k vkSj fpfdRlk lsok lqj{kk] LokLF; vkSj lq[k osQ volj çkIr djuk vkSj nsukA
dq'kyrk O;olk;] is'ks] dyk,a fufgr {kerkvksa dks [kksyus vkSj iw.kZ djus osQ fy,
volj çkIr djuk vkSj nsukA

Lusg ifjokj] cM+h fLFkfr;k¡ çse vkSj fu"Bk osQ fy, volj çkIr djuk vkSj nsukA
lEeku oxZ] in vkSj tkfr;ka ekU;rk osQ fy, volj çkIr djuk vkSj nsukA
bZekunkjh èkkfeZd] vkpkj'kkL=kh; nkf;Roiw.kZ vkpj.k osQ fu;eksa dks lqfoèkktud cukus vkSj
ykxw djus osQ fy, volj çnku djuk ;k nsukA

O;fDr osQ O;fDrRo osQ laKkukRed ekufp=k ij tulapkj osQ ekè;eksa dk viuk gh izHkko gksrk gSA lekpkj i=kksa
ls fjiksVks± dks i<+dj jsfM;ks okrkZvksa dks lqudj vkSj Vsyhfotu fiQYekssa dks ns[kdj yksx fdUgh ekudksa vkSj ewY;ksa
osQ fy, viuh ilan vkSj ukilan dk fodkl dj ysrs gSaA bl izdkj eqDr tulapkj osQ lkèkuμlekpkj i=k] jsfM;ks
vkSj Vsyhfotuμ O;fDr;ksa osQ eu esa fofHk=k izdkj osQ ewY;ksa dk fodkl djrs gSa_ tulapkj osQ lkèkuksa dh fu;af=kr
O;oLFkk muosQ fopkjksa dks ,d lw=k esa ckaèkus osQ fy, cgqr gh izHkko'khy Hkwfedk dk fodkl dj ldrh gSaA
blosQ vykok ge jktuhfrd vfHkfoU;klksa osQ ,d egRoiw.kZ ekè;e osQ :i esa ^izrhdksa* ((symbols) dh Hkwfedk
dk Hkh mYys[k dj ldrs gSaA ebZ fnol ijsM] vke pquko] cktkjksa es izn'kZu] jkT;kfHk"ksd] jk"VªifrRo dk mn~?kkVu]
ekDlZ] ysfuu vkSj xkaèkh dh t;fUr;ka] jk"Vªh; [kq'kh osQ fnuksa dks euk;k tkuk vkfn tSlh ?kVuk,a yksxks dh ,sfrgkfld
fujUrjrk vkSj mudh ,drk ij cy nsrh gSA ,d NksVk cPpk u osQoy bu lHkh ?kVukvksa dks ns[krk gS og vius
'kklu osQ izHkkoh vkSj ewY;kadudkjh vfHkfoU;kl dk Hkh fodkl dj ysrk gSA cPpksa esa okLrfod Kku ls igys bu
ewY;kaduksa osQ èkkjdksa osQ ckjs esa ikVhZ lacaèkksa] vejhdh jk"Vªifr dh okLrfod 'kfDr;ksa vkSj fczfV'k ujs'k dh jktuhfrd
rVLFkrk o ukeek=k dh vè;{krk osQ ckjs esa ldkjkRed tkudkjh vkrh gSA
var esa] ge jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ lkFk çR;{k lEidZ osQ çHkko ij vkrs gSaA ;g dguk xyr ugha gksxk fd O;fDr;ksa
dh vfHko`fÙk;ksa vkSj vfHkfoU;klksa dks vkdkj çnku djus esa lcls çHkkoiw.kZ ekè;e ;g gks ldrk gS fd mUgsa ml
jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ lkFk lhèks lEidZ esa vkus fn;k tk, ftlosQ vèkhu os jgrs gSaA ¶ml jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ
ckjs esa] ftUgsa ifjokj vkSj Ldwy us 'kkfey fd;k gS] fopkj fdruk gh ldkjkRed D;ksa u gks] tc fdlh O;fDr
dh mlosQ ny }kjk vogsyuk dh tkrh gS] iqfyl }kjk mls èkks[kk fn;k tkrk gS] jksVh osQ fy, yxh iafDr esa gksus
ij Hkh mls Hkw[kk ejus fn;k tkrk gS] vkSj] var esa] mls iQkSt esa tcju HkrhZ dj fy;k tkrk gS] rks bl ckr dh
l¡Hkkouk gksrh gS fd viuh jktuhfrd O;oLFkk osQ ckjs esa mlosQ fopkj cny tk,axsA fof'k"V lHkzkar O;fDr;ksa osQ
lkFk mlosQ çR;{kr% vkSipkfjd&vukSipkfjd lacaèk vko';d :i esa ,d 'kfDr'kkyh ;U=k gSa tks ml O;oLFkk osQ
çfr O;fDr;ksa osQ vfHkfoU;klksa dks vkdkj çnku djrs gSaA¸
vkykspukRed ewY;kadu% jktuhfrd LFkkf;Ro vkSj fodkl dks le>kus osQ fy, jktuhfrd lekthdj.k osQ

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