Page 229 - DPOL202_COMPARATIVE_POLITICS_AND_GOVERNMENT_PUNJABI

s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
s[bBkswe okiBhsh ns/ ;oeko
BØN T[Zu fBnKfbnk L
T[Zu fBnKfbnk L i/ w[eZdwk dh wkfbns ekT[ANh fBnKfbnk d/ y/sofXeko s'A pkjo j't/ sK T[Zu
T[Zu fBnKfbnk L
T[Zu fBnKfbnk L
T[Zu fBnKfbnk L
fBnKfbnk (High Court of Justice) d/ fe;/ ftGkr w[e~dw/ dh ;[Dtkjh j[zdh j?. T[Zu fBnKfbnk 1873
JhH d/ i[vhe/uo n?eN d/ nkXko T[s/ pfDnk j?. fJ; ftu bkov uhc i;fN; ns/ 30 j'o i~I j[zd/ jB.
fJ; fBnKfbnk d/ fszB ftGkr jB–
(e) fezr; p?Au fvthIB (King's Bench Division)
(y) uK;oh fvthIB (Chancery Division)
(r) gq't/N sbke ns/ n?vfwobNh fvthIB (Probabtes Divorce and Admirality Division)
) nghb dk fBnKfbnkL
) nghb dk fBnKfbnkL
) nghb dk fBnKfbnkL
) nghb dk fBnKfbnkL
( ( ( ( (ii) nghb dk fBnKfbnkL fJ;d/ pknd nghb dk fBnKfbnk j[zdk j? fi; ftu ekT[ANh fBnKfbnk ns/
T[Zu fBnKfbnktK s'A nghb ;[Dh iKdh j?. fJ;dh d' fszB fvthIB j[zdh j?. edh–edh w[e~dw/ dh ;[DtkJh
d/ bJh ;ko/ bkov i;fN; (Lord Justices) fJe ;kE p?md/ jB. fJ; fBnKfbnk ftu wk;No nkc okb;
(Master of Rolls) ns/ n~m bkov i;fN; nkc nghb (Lord Justice of Appeal) p?md/ jB.
) bkov ;Gk L
) bkov ;Gk L
) bkov ;Gk L
( ( ( ( (iii) bkov ;Gk L nghb d/ fBnKfbnk s' th nghbk Bz{ e[M ftP/P PosK d/ nXhB bkov ;Gk ftu
) bkov ;Gk L
fbnkfJnk iKdk j?. bkov ;Gk ;ko/ d/P dk ;otT[Zu nghbhn fBnKfbnk j?. dhtkBh ns/ c"idkoh d'tK
wkwfbnK dh nghbK fJ; ftu jz[zdhnK jB. bkov ;Gk d/ fBnKfbnk dk rmB e[M nkihtB fgnoK d[nkok
ehsk iKdk j? fiBQK B{z bkov nkc nghb fJB nkofvBoh (Lords of Appeal in Ordinary) ns/ ftfXr
bkov; (Law Lords) fejk iKdk j?. i[foPfvePB nfXfBnw 1947 JhH d/ d[nkok fJ; fBnKfbnk dk w[V
rmB j'fJnk ns/ ftfXr bkovK dh ;zfynk tX e/ 9 eo fdZsh rJh. fJj bkov T[Zu fynksh gqkgs fBnK–
Pk;so–t/sk, i~i iK T[Zu e'Nh d/ tehb j[zd/ jB. fJ; fBnKfbnk dk w[yh bkov uK;bo (Lord
Chancellor) j[zdk j?, i' wzsohwzvb dk th w?Apo jz[dk j?.
(r) fgqth gfoPd dh fBnkfJe ;whsh
(r) fgqth gfoPd dh fBnkfJe ;whsh
(r) fgqth gfoPd dh fBnkfJe ;whsh (Judicial Committee of the Privy Council)L fpqfNP
(r) fgqth gfoPd dh fBnkfJe ;whsh
(r) fgqth gfoPd dh fBnkfJe ;whsh
;zrmB ftu fgqth gfoPd fBnkfJe ;whsh dk th ;EkB T[b/yBh j?. fJj fJe T[ZutzPhJ/ nghbhJ/ ;d
j?. fJj fBnKfbnk BjhA j? pbfe fJe ;bkj d/D tkbh ;whshj?. nZi fJ;dk ftP/P wj~st fJ; bJh j?
fe fJj ;w[zdo gko d/ T[gfBt/PK s'A nkJh j'Jh nghb B{z ;[Ddh j? go g{oh gfoPd BjhA, nfgs{ T[BQK dh
;whsh fJBQK d/ ezw eodh j?. fJ; ;whsh d/ w?Apo fgqth gfoPd (Privy Councillor) j[zd/ jB. fiBQK
Bz{ j'o okiK d/ i~i nkgD/ d/P dh fBnK ftnt;Ek d/ nB[;ko io{oh wzsqDk fdzd/ jB. T[; ;whsh ftu brGr
20 ;fwqsheko ns/ fBnKPk;soh j[zd/ jB. fiBQK ftu ftfXr bkov; (Law of Lords) th j[zd/ jB. fJ;
;whsh dk fJe ftP/P nfXeko y/so j? :[~X ekb ftu ;w[zdoh b[~N d/ wkb dh tzv eoBk.
fpqfNPk fBnK ftnt;EK dk w[bKeD
fpqfNPk fBnK ftnt;EK dk w[bKeD
fpqfNPk fBnK ftnt;EK dk w[bKeD
fpqfNPk fBnK ftnt;EK dk w[bKeD
fpqfNPk fBnK ftnt;EK dk w[bKeD (British Judicial System Evaluated)L fpqfNP fBnK–
ftnt;Ek fBPgZysk, gqthDsk ns/ ezw dh gokfJDsk d/ bJh ftPtftfynks j?. fBnKfbnk ;[szso j? ns/
T[BQK T[s/ okiBhfse gqGkt BjhA g?Adk j?. j/mb/ g~Xo d/ fBnKfbnk d/ ftt/e ns/ fBoD/ T[s/ fB:zsoD ofjzdk
j?. fJ; bJh fpqfNP fBnK ftnt;Ek fJ; f;bf;b/ ftu ftPt ftu ;G s'A fInkdk ;[Gkr tkbh j?. gozs{
j'o gqPB th jB, fiBQK Bz{ fpqfNP fBnKfbnk dh dePsk Bz{ iKu bJh T[mkfJnk ik ;edk j?.
) fBnKfbnk dk tksktoD fe~dK dk j? L
) fBnKfbnk dk tksktoD fe~dK dk j? L
) fBnKfbnk dk tksktoD fe~dK dk j?
( ( ( ( (i) fBnKfbnk dk tksktoD fe~dK dk j? L L gfjbk gqPB fpqfNP fBnKfbnktK d/ tksktoD
) fBnKfbnk dk tksktoD fe~dK dk j? L
(Atmosphere of Coruts) d/ ;zpzX ftu u[fenk iKdk j?. fBnKfbnk dh ekoi gqDkbh pj[s jh rzGho j?.
fJ~E'A se fe j/mb/ fBnKfbnk dh gqshPmsk ns/ nkuko nw/foek d/ T[Zu fBnKfbnk s'A fes/ Pq/Pm j?. i~i
T[Zu nk;B s/ p?mdk j? tehb rkT{B ftu ftG{fPs pzB/Q j'J/ PpdK ftu soe–ftsoe eod/ jB. rtkjK
s'A f;oc w[e~dw/ d/ s~EK d/ pko/ ftu g[ZfSnk iKdk j?, i~i jo rZb Bz{ fXnkB Bkb ;[Ddk j?, doPe
P'o^Pokpk BjhA eo ;ed/, soe ftqjs frnkB T[s/ nkXkos j[zd/ jB ns/ jo rb B{z sofee ns/ gqGktg{oB
sohe/ Bkb gq;s[s ehsk iKdk j?. fJ; gqeko tksktoD pj[s jh Gftn ns/ frnkBg{oB j?. ftPt d/ fe;/
th j'o d/P d/ fBnKfbnk ftu fJzBh T[Zue'Nh dk tksktoD BjhA ;[fDnk iKdk j?.

) eh ;ko/ ;p{sK (
) eh ;ko/ ;p{sK (
( ( ( ( (ii) eh ;ko/ ;p{sK () eh ;ko/ ;p{sK (evidences) ) ) ) ) B{z ;kjwD/ fbnkfJnk iKdk j?L fJzrb?Av ftu w[e~dw/ dh ekotkjh dh
) eh ;ko/ ;p{sK (
fJe ftbZyDsk fJj j? fe i~i fJe gzu (umpire) d/ o{g ftu ezw eodk j? nBt/Pe d/ o{g ftu BjhA.
T[j w[e~dw/ dh SkBphB nkg BjhA eodk, fioj ftu T[j Gkr BjhA b?Adk ns/ i~i w[e~dw/ dh ekotkjh ftu

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