Page 285 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_HINDI

bdkbZ—14% ledkyhu Hkkjr esas lkekftd ifjorZu

uxjksa dk fodkl tUe ,oa e`R;q nj vkSj izoztu@LFkkukUrj.k (migration) ij gh osQoy fuHkZj ugha djrk ijUrq uksV
og jktuhfrd] /kfeZd] ,sfrgkfld vkSj vkfFkZd dkjdksa ls Hkh gksrk gSA jktuhfrd osQUnz jkt;ksa dh jkt/kuh gks
ldrs gSa (Hkksiky] t;iqj] eqacbZ] dydÙkk] vkfn) jktuhfrd xfrfof/;ksa osQ {ks=k (nsgyh)] ;k iQkSt osQ izf'k{k.k
LFky ([kM+xoklyk)] ;k j{kk mRiknu osQUnz (tks/iqj)_ vkfFkZd osQUnz os {ks=k gksrs gSa tgka O;kikj vkSj okf.kT;
dk opZLo (predominance) gksrk gS (vgenkckn] lwjr)_ /kfeZd uxj os gSa tgka O;fDr rhFkZ;k=kk ij tkrs gSa
(gfj}kj] okjk.klh] bykgkckn)_ vkSj 'kS{kf.kd osQUn ij 'kS{kf.kd laLFkk;sa gksrh gSa (fiykuh)A
Hkkjr esa 1971 esa 'kgjh tula[;k 10-91 djksM+ Fkh] 1981 esa 16-01 djksM+] vkSj 1991 esa 21-1 djksM+ FkhA
tcfd 1921 esa 'kgjh tula[;k ns'k dh tula[;k dh osQoy 11-3» Fkh_ 1951 esa ;g c<+dj 17-6»] 1971
esa 20-2»] 1981 esa 23-8»[ vkSj 1991 esa 25-7» gks xbZ (lsUll vko bafM;k] 1991] lhjht 1]2)A nwljh vksj]
1911&21 osQ n'kd esa 'kgjh tual[;k 8-3» c<+h] 1921&31 esa og 19-1» c<+h] 1931&41 esa 32-0»]
1941&51 esa 41-4»] 1951&61 esa 37-0»] 1961&71 esa 38-2»] 1971&81 esa 35-4» vkSj 1981&91 esa
40-4» c<+hA bl izdkj 1941 vkSj 1991 osQ chp osQ ikap n'kdksa esa 'kgjh tula[;k dh o`f¼ nj 3-4 vksj
3-8» osQ chp izfro"kZ gSA

uxjh; tula[;k dk fofHkUu jkT;ksa esa forj.k Hkh vyx&vyx feyrk gSA if'peh {ks=k (egkjk"Vª vkSj xqtjkr)
esa dqy uxjh; tula[;k dk 20»] nf{k.k {ks=k (vkU/zizns'k] rfeyukMq] osQjy vkSj dukZVd) esa 27»] iwohZ {ks=k
(fcgkj] caxky] mM+hlk] f=kiqjk] ukxkyS.M] feT+kksje] vkfn) esa 18» rFkk mÙkjh {ks=k (mÙkjkizns'k] eè;izns'k) esa
feykdj 35»A

Hkkjr esa uxjh; tula[;k dk izfr'kr osQoy 25-7» gS] tcfd lalkj dh dqy tula[;k dk 45» 'kgjksa esa jgrk
gSA lc ls vf/d uxjh; tula[;k vkLVsªfy;k vkSj U;wT+khyS.M esa (85») feyrh gS vkSj mlosQ ckn tkiku
(77»)] mÙkj&vesfjdk (74»)] :l (66»)] vizQhdk vkSj ,f'k;k (34») vkSj ikfdLrku (32») esaA
izeq[k Jfedksa ds iw.kZ jkstxkj esa d`f"kd jkstxkj dk Hkkx 1961 esa 72» ls ?kVdj 1981 ea 68-0»] vkSj 1991
esa 64-0» gks x;k (lsUll vkiQ bafM;k)A o"kZ 2001 rd xzkeh.k tula[;k esa 19 ls 20 djksM+ osQ chp O;fDr
tqM+ tk;saxs vkSj buesa ls 10 djksM+ ukSdfj;ksa dh ryk'k esa 'kgjh {ks=kksa esa vk tk;saxsA tc 1931 esa ,d yk[k ls
vf/d tula[;k okys uxjksa dh dqy la[;k 32 Fkh] og 1961 esa 107 gks xbZ] 1981 esa 216 vkSj 1991 esa 317
gks xbZ (tEew vkSj d'ehj dks NksM+dj)A nl yk[k ls vf/d tula[;k okys cM+s 'kgjksa dh la[;k 1941 esa nks
ls c<+dj 1971 esa ukS] 1981 esa 216 vkSj 1991 esa 317 gks xbZ (tEew vkSj d'ehj dks NksM+dj)A nl yk[k
ls vf/d tula[;k okys cM+s 'kgjksa dh la[;k 1941 esa nks ls c<+dj 1971 esa ukS] 1981 esa 12] vkSj 1921
esa 23 gks xbZ (lsUll vkiQ bafM;k] 1991 lhjhT+k 1 isij 2-251)A

Hkkjr esa (1998 esa) 'kgjksa dh dqy la[;k 4]689 FkhA buesa lcls vf/d 'kgj (704) mÙkjizns'k esa gSaA blosQ ckn
rfeyukMw (434)] eè; izns'k (327) vkSj egkjk"Vª esa (307) gSaA 1991 dh tux.kuk osQ vuqlkj 65-2» tula[;k
,d yk[k ls vf/d tula[;k oks 'kgjksa esa jg jgh Fkh] 10-9» 50]000 vkSj ,d yk[k osQ chp dh tula[;k okys
'kgjksa esa] 13-2» 20]000 vkSj 50]000 osQ chp dh tula[;k okys dLcksa esa 7-8» 10]000 vkSj 20]000 osQ chp
dh tula[;k okys dLcksa esa vkSj 2-6» 5]000 vkSj 10]000 osQ chp dh tula[;k okys dLcksa dh tula[;k okys
dLcksa esa vkSj 2]6» 5]000 vkSj 10]000 osQ chp dh tula[;k okys dLcksa esaA Hkkjr osQ N% egkuxj (1998 osQ
vkadM+ksa osQ vuqlkj) ftudh tula[;k 50 yk[k ls vf/d gS ;s gSa% dydÙkk (125-9 yk[k)] eqacbZ (171-9 yk[k)]
nsgyh (111-7 yk[k)] psUubZ (64-4 yk[k)] caxykSj (53-2 yk[k)] vksj gSnjkckn (64-3 yk[k)A
yxHkx 15 o"kZ igys osQUnzh; ljdkj us NksVs dLcksa osQ fodkl osQ fy, ,d ;kstuk cukbZ FkhA ;g ;kstuk Fkh
¶NksVs vkSj eè;e dLcksa osQ fy, fodkl dh ,dhd`r (integrated) ;kstuk¸A blosQ vUrxZr jkT; ljdkjksa dks
osQUnzh; ljdkj ls lgk;rk feyrh gSA ijUrq ;g ;kstuk vliQy gh jgh gSA fodkl dk vHkko O;fDr;ksa osQ
lkekftd] vkfFkZd vkSj jktuhfrd thou dks izHkkfor djrk gSA

LOVELY PROFESSIONAL UNIVERSITY 279