Page 29 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
1H3H10 BØN
1H3H10 f;~fynk T[Zs/ gqGktf;~fynk T[Zs/ gqGkt
1H3H10 f;~fynk T[Zs/ gqGkt
1H3H10 f;~fynk T[Zs/ gqGktf;~fynk T[Zs/ gqGkt
1H3H10
nzrq/Ih f;~fynk ns/ GkPk Bz{ tXkUD bJh 1835 dh w?ekb/ dh Bhsh, f;~fynk d/ gq;ko ft~u fwPBK dh G{fwek
ns/ 1882 dk gfjbK f;~fynk nk:'r fpqfNP ekb dhnK w[~y ftP/PsktK jB. fpqfNP Bhsh d/ nzsors T[Zu
f;~fynk T[Zs/ nfXe pb fd~sk frnk ;h. gfjb/ ns/ d{i/ ;soK T[Zs/ f;~fynk dh ntj/bDk ehsh rJh ;h.
gkmeqw ;kw~roh ns/ f;~fynk ;z;EktK d/ gqpzX d/ ;zdoG ft~u n~i th Gkos fpqfNP Bw{B/ dk nB[eoB eo
fojk j?. 1948 ns/ 1964 d/ f;~fynk nk:'rK B/ i' vkH nkoH n?;H okXkfeqPDB ns/ vkH vhH n?;H e'mkoh
dh nfXnePsk ft~u pD/ ;B, fJ~fSs cb g{osh BjhA ehsh j?. gqzs{ fgSb/ e[M ;kbK d/ d"okB e[M
ftPt^ftfdnkfbnK ft~u ;wki ftfrnkBK ns/ wkBfteh ft~u gkmeqw dk d/;heoB ehsk frnk j?.
Gkos ft~u BroheoB ns/ T[d:'freheoB ;fjtosh jB. nB/eK nfXn?BK s'A frnks j'fJnk j? fe fJj
d't/A gqfeqntK Bz{ ;pb eoBhnK jB. ftef;s d/PK dh s[bBk ft~u Gkos ft~u BroheoB fJ~e Xhwh gqfeqnk
j?. fco th Broh iB^;zfynk ft~u tkXk j?. PfjoK ft~u ;G gqw[~y ;z;kXBkswe ;[ftXktK ns/ T[Zu
gqfPefPs eko'pkohnK dk e/AdoheoB gkfJnk iKdk j?. fJj gqfeqnk ftfGzB PfjoK ns/ y/soK ft~u n;wkB
ojh j?, ns/ fJjh r~b T[d:'rheoB d/ pko/ ft~u bkr{ j[zdh j?. G{sekb ft~u T[d:'rheoB d/ s/I ftek;
ft~u nB/e ;z;Ekswe ekoe pkXe oj/ jB. fouov b?ApoN, fwbNB f;Aro ns/ n?BH nkoH ;/m d/ nfXn?BK
s'A gsk ubdk j? fe iksh, ;z:[es gfotko ns/ j'o gozgokswe w[~b eko\kfBnK ns/ T[d:'fre ;zrmBK
ft~u ;wkfie ;zpzXK d/ ;t;E gqshwkB ft~u pkfXs BjhA j'J/ jB.
:ksk:ks ;zuko d/ ;kXBK Bkb tk;st ft~u Bt/A ;wkfie ns/ ;z;feqfse ;zgoeK d/ :[r dk ;{sogks j'fJnk
j?. Bt/A n\pko ns/ ftP/P eo e/ y/soh GkPktK ft~u, vke ;/tktK, ub fuZso ns/ o/vhU nkfd ;G fpqfNP
d[nkok nkozG ehs/ rJ/ ;B. fJjh r~b o/bt/ ns/ jtkJh :ksk:ks d/ pko/ ft~u ;jh j?. fJBQK BthnK
:[eshnK B/ iksh, gft~so^ngft~so dhnK ntXkoDktK ns/ gqt;B ft~u nkT[D tkbhnK efmBkJhnK Bz{
ewI'o pDkfJnk. fB;ze'u ;EkfBe rshPhbsk fJBQK ;kXBK dh T[gbpXh d/ ekoD Io{o tXh, gqzs{ “wkBf;e
rshPhbsk” dh ihtB dk fJ~e Gkr pD rJh.
nzs ft~u n;hA efj ;ed/ jK fe fpqfNP Pk;B d/ cb;o{g okPNoh ns/ ;wkfie u/sBk nkJh. okik okw
w'jB okJ/ ns/ wjkswk rKXh B/ fpqfNP gozgok d/ nB/e wkBtsktkdh s~sK Bz{ ngDkfJnk ns/ UjBK Bz{
okPNoh GktBktK ns/ okiBhfse u/sBk Bz{ T[GkoD bJh T[g:'r ft~u fbnkUAdk. g~Swh dkoPfBeK d/
;zgodkfJesk, Xow^fBog~ytkd ns/ okPNotkd d/ ftuko pj[s bkGdkfJe f;~X j'J/.

1H3H11 ;[szsosk s'A pknd dk Gkos;[szsosk s'A pknd dk Gkos
1H3H11 ;[szsosk s'A pknd dk Gkos
1H3H11
1H3H11 ;[szsosk s'A pknd dk Gkos;[szsosk s'A pknd dk Gkos
1H3H11
w[~y s"o s/ fsbe, rKXh, Bfjo{ ns/ p'; dh nrtkJh ft~u jIkoK b'eK d/ fsnkr ns/ sg~f;nk d/ cb;o{g
Gkos B/ fJ~e fBozso nfjz;e ;zxoP d[nkok ;[szsosk gqkgs ehsh.
Gkos 15 nr;s, 1947 Bz{ ;[szso j'fJnk. Gkos ftGkfis j'fJnk ns/ fJ; bJh nftGkfis Gkos d/
w[;bwkBK bJh fJ~e Bt/A okPNo d/ o{g ft~u gkfe;skB dk fBowkD j'fJnk. Gkos B/ ftek; ns/ gqrsh
bJh gqisKsfoe^;wkitkdh o;sk ngDkfJnk. Gkos B/ fJ~e BtK ;zftXkB pDkfJnk fi; Bz{ 26 iBtoh,
1950 Bz{ bkr{ ehsk frnk. ;zftXkB ft~u Gkos d/ BkrfoeK d/ fJbktk ;wkBsk, gfotosB Bz{ ;wkitkdh
fdPk d/D bJh, w{b nfXekoK s'A fJbktk, oki bJh Bhsh fBod/Pe f;XKsK dk th ;zftXkB ft~u ;wkt/P
ehsk frnk j?.
Gkos ft~u n~i “ekBz{B dk Pk;B” j?. ;G Bkrfoe ;wkB jB ns/ fJ~e jh ;~sk y/so ft~u ofjzd/ jB.
fJ~E'A s~e fe okfinK^wjkokfinK ns/ ;kwzsK Bz{ fd~sk ikD tkbk oki G~sk th 1969 ft~u ysw eo fd~sk
frnk. gq;fEsh ns/ Pesh dk fBoXkoD j[D iBw d/ nkXko s/ BjhA j[zdk j?. ;wkfie ;BwkB ns/
ftP/PkfXeko gkUD bJh Xow, GkPk, iksh iK ;zikshtkd nkXko BjhA oj/ jB. gqzs{ Gkosh ;wki d/
gqG{^nB[GkrK d/ d[nkok ehs/ ik oj/ G/d^Gkt ns/ P'PD s'A o~fynk eoB bJh ewI'o torK ftP/P eo e/
nB[;{fus ikshnK, nB[;{fus iBikshnK ns/ j'o fgSV/ torK d/ T[EkB bJh ftP/P ;[ftXktK ns/ ftt;EktK
fd~shnK rJhnK jB. n"osK Bz{ g[oPK d/ Bkb ;wkBsk fd~sh rJh j?. Gkos d/ ;G BkrfoeK Bz{ fgzv, ftXkB
;Gk y/so, oki ns/ e/Adoh ;soK T[Zs/ ws d/D dk nfXeko gqkgs j?.

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