Page 27 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
:'r/Ado f;zx B/ bx{ ns/ dhox gozgoktK ft~u fBwB ftG/d ehsk j?. bx{ gozgok g/Av{, iB^nkXkfos j?. BØN
fJ; Bz{ wzBD tkb/ nf;~fyns ns/ x~N ohshp~X ftnesh jB, id'A fe dhox gozgok nfGiks^nkXkfos,
Pfjoh, wBDPhb ns/ ohshp~X j?. fJ;bkwh bx{ gozgok ft~u w[~y s"o s/ fjzd{ Xow s'A nkJ/ BtXowh jB.
fJ; ft~u UjBK w[;bwkBK d/ tzPi th jB fiBQK dh ;wkfie gfo;fEsh fBwB j' rJh ;h. x~N s'A x~N
fszB soK Bkb fJ;bkwheoB fJ~e tk;sftesk pDh j'Jh j?L (1) fJ;bkw Bz{ Xow gfotosB d[nkok ngDk
e/ eJh ;w{j dh nkgDh gq;fEsh ft~u ngfow[yh ;z;feqfse ns/ ;wkfie rshPhbsk, (2) Bt^XowhnK
ft~u e~NogzEsk Bz{ gqsh ;Ekfgs eoB bJh nzd'bB ns/ (3) r?o^w[;bwkBK d[nkok e[M fJ;bkwh ;z;feqfse
w[~bK Bz{ ngDkT[D d/ ;zdoG ft~u.
fpqfNP Pk;B d/ nkozG j'D s~e fJ;bkwheoB fJ~e gqeko dk ;z;feqsheoB ;h. fpqfNP ekb ns/ ;[szsosk
s'A pknd d/ Gkos ft~u fJj g[BoikroDekoh nzd'bB d/ o{g ft~u gkfJnk iKdk j?. fco th Xow gfotosB
s'A ;wkfie^;z;feqfse gfo;fEsh ft~u gfotosB nkUAdk j?. ns/ :dk edk nkofEe bkG ns/ wkBf;e
;zs[PNh th gqkgs j[zdh j?. nkw s"o s/, nX'gfss gfo;fEsh tkb/ fBwB fjzd{ ikshnK d/ w?ApoK B/ fJ;bkw
Bz{ iK fgSb/ e[M dPeK ft~u Jh;kJh Xow Bz{ gq;fEsh dh ;wkBsk ns/ nkofEe bkGK bJh ngDkfJnk.
gqzs{ Bt^XowhnK Bz{ g[okD/ Xow^nB[:kJhnK d/ ;wkB ;EkB BjhA fd~sk frnk j?. ns/ Bk jh UjBK Bz{ T[Zu
;EkB fd~sk frnk j? fiBQK Bz{ S~v e/ Uj Bt/A Xow ft~u Pkfwb j'J/ jB. nzso^ftnkj ns/ nB[b'w ftnkj
d/ ;zdoG ft~u, Uj nkgDhnK g[okDhnK ikshnK$;w[dktK d/ fB:wK d/ nB[;ko jh gfotosB s'A pknd th
ezw eoB/ jB.

Gkos ft~u w[;bwkB n~i th fJ~e nB[dko ;w[dkJ/ j?. nkofEe n;wkBsktK w[;bwkBK ft~u nfXe jB.
Uj ftnefse ekBz{B, godk gqEk ns/ gfotko fB:'iB d/ pko/ ft~u pj[s Gkt[e jB. ;z;feqfse wkwfbnK
ft~u w[;bwkB fjzd{nK dh s[bBk ft~u nfXe ‘fgSV/’ j'J/ jB, feUAfe fjzd{nK ft~u nB[PhbB ywsktK nfXe
gkJhnK rJhnK jB. w[;bwkB fjzd{nK d/ pj[^;zfynk ft~u j'D d/ ekoD th vo ns/ P~e Bkb rq;s ofjzd/
jB. gkfe;skB ihtB dh w[~y Xkok ft~u nkgD/ nkg Bz{ nksw;ks eo b?Dk ukjhdk j?. w[;bwkBK ft~u
nksw^ftPtk; T[sgzB eoB ft~u fjzd{ ;w[dkJ/ fJ~e ouBkswe G{fwek ndk eo ;edk j?.

1H3H8
1H3H8 fpqfNP ekb ft~u ;wkifpqfNP ekb ft~u ;wki
1H3H8
1H3H8 fpqfNP ekb ft~u ;wki
1H3H8 fpqfNP ekb ft~u ;wkifpqfNP ekb ft~u ;wki
fpqfNP x[;g?m d/ ;w/A Gkosh ;wki brGr fBPub ;h. fpqfNP Pk;eK Bz{ ;bkj fd~sh rJh ;h fe UjBK
Bz{ fjzd{nK d/ ;wkfie fotkiK ns/ Xkofwe nk;EktK ft~u j;sy/g BjhA eoBk ukjhdk. n?bH n~p/ v[p'Jh
dk ws ;h fe fi; fdB fpqfNP Pk;B B/ j;sy/g ehsk, Ujh fJ~e okiBhfse Pesh d/ o{g ft~u fJ; d/
n;fsst dk nzfsw fdB j't/rk. w[rb Pk;e th nkw s"o s/ Xow gfotosB Bz{ ;wkfie gfotosB dk
fJ~e ;kXB wzBD d/ g~y ft~u BjhA ;B. fJ; gkm d/ gfjb/ nB[Gkr ft~u n;hA fejk j? fe w~XekbhB :[r
ft~u fJ~e gqeko d/ ;zPb/PD dk T[d/ j'fJnk. g/Av{ Gkos ft~u iksh ns/ tor ;zouBKtK fpqfNP Pk;B d/
nkozG ft~u em'o ns/ fBPub ;B. ftnesh Bz{ iksh, gfotko ns/ fgzv d/ nXhB ;wfMnk iKdk ;h.
noEftt;Ek g[oksB ;h. b'eK ft~u okPNoh u/sBk dh ewh ;h. nfij/ ;w/A fpqfNP Pk;B d/ nkrwB Bkb
BthA ;fEsh T[sgzB j'Jh.
fpqfNP ;oeko, Jh;kJh fwPBoh ns/ nzrq/Ih f;~fynk d/ wkfXnw Bkb Gkosh ;wki T[Zs/ gqGkt fgnk j?.
fpqfNP ;oeko B/ d/;h gqPk;B ns/ nfGPk;B dh EK rqfjD eo bJh. fwPBK B/ GkoshnK Bz{ Jh;kJh Xow
ft~u gfotofss eoB dh e'fPP ehsh. d/;h iBsk d/ fdqPNhe'D ft~u fJ~Sk gfotosB j/s{ f;~fynk gq;ko
dhnK e'fPPK ehshnK rJhnK. Gkos ft~u nzrq/I ;w[dkJ/ B/ th d/P d/ ftfGzB GkrK ft~u b'eK Bz{ nb~r nb~r
soK Bkb gqGkfts ehsk. fpqfNP Pk;B d/ e[M m'; gfoDkwK ft~u okPNoh u/sBk dk T[d/, ;zrmB d/ wj~st
Bz{ ;wMDk ns/ fJ; s'A pknd nzd'bB d/ wj~st Bz{ ;wM e/ 1885 ft~u Gkosh okPNoh eKro; dh ;EkgBk
j'Jh. e/H n?wH gfDeo d/ nB[;ko, “fpqfNP Pk;B dh ;G s'A wj~stg{oB T[gbpXh Gkos dk J/eheoB ;h.”
Gkosh b'eK d/ fjs Bz{ fXnkB ft~u o~y e/ fpqfNP Pk;B B/ ikD^p[~M e/ nfijk BjhA ehsk. n;b ft~u UjBK
dh o{uh g{o/ Gkos ft~u nkgD/ Pk;B d/ gq;ko ns/ T[; Bz{ fdqVQ eoB ft~u ;h. g~Swh f;~fynk, :ksk:ks
ns/ ;zuko d/ ;kXB, gq'T[d:'freh ns/ fBnKgkfbek d/ nkozG eoB ft~u th fpqfNP Pk;B dk nkgDk jh fjs
gqw[~y ;h.

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