Page 23 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
Pq/DhnK) nkfd ;w{fje ;zrmB ftxfNs j'D b~r/. iksh gqEk d/ T[d/ d/ ekoD nkofEe Pq/DhnK d/ ;EkB s/ BØN
;wkfie Pq/DhnK fInkdk wj~stg{oB pD rJhnK. nb^po{Bh B/ fbfynk j? fe 11thA ;dh ft~u Gkosh ftd/
PhnK s'A B|os eoB b~r/ ;B.
fwjBs dh wfjwk nksw;BwkB dh ;{ue BjhA ojh. ;wki nfsnfXe ftG/fds j' frnk. eoI/ dk G[rskB
Bk eo gkUD eo e/ r[bkw pDkUDk fJ~e nkw fotki j' frnk. nfij/ b'eK Bz{ uzvkb, g[beoki ns/ fBPkd
d/ BKtK Bkb ikfDnk iKdk ;h. “nS{sK” Bz{ T[Zu ikshnK s'A nb~r o~fynk iKdk ;h. iksh gqEk ns/ dk;sk
ft~u d~yD ns/ T[Zso Gkos ft~u e'Jh nzso BjhA ;h. T[Zso dh s[bBk ft~u d~yD ft~u g/Av{ ihtB ns/
fPbg^;zxK Bz{ nfXe nkIkdh gqkgs ;h.
1H3H3 toD ftt;EktoD ftt;Ek
1H3H3
1H3H3 toD ftt;Ek
1H3H3 toD ftt;EktoD ftt;Ek
1H3H3
fJj efjDk rbs j't/rk fe gqkr?fsjkf;e ;wki iksh ftjhD, ;wsk, ;fwq~Xh ns/ XowgokfJDsk g{oB
;j;sokftd ;h. fort/d ft~u toDB d/ nB[;ko nkfonK ns/ nD^nkfonK ft~u ;wki dk ftGkiB
;sohfeqs ;wki dk gqEw ;{ue j?. nkfonk iK iBiksh ftfGzB noE^g{oB ezwK fit/A y/sh, gP{^gkbD ns/
tgko nkfd d/ nkXko s/ uko ;w{jK ft~u ftGkfis ;B. nkofEe ezw eoB tkfbnK Bz{ t?P fejk iKdk ;h.
t/PhXB Bz{ pqkjwD ns/ y~soh toDK d/ oZy^oykn T[Zs/ you ehsk iKdk ;h. fJj fszB toD (pqkjwD, y~soh
ns/ t?P) nkgD/ eko'pkoK s'A Bk fe nkgD/ ;oho d/ ozr s'A gfjukD/ iKd/ ;B.
;wki efbnkD d/ bJh pqkjwD Xkofwe ns/ nB[PmkfBe ezw, t/dK dk nfXn?B ns/ ;wki d/ ;G torK
bJh wkD (Xow) pDkUD d/ coI Bz{ g{ok eoB/ ;B. d/P dh o~fynk, ekBz{B ns/ ftt;Ek Bz{ pDk e/ o~yDk
y~soh dk ezw ;h. ;wK phsD Bkb fJBQK fszB toDK B/ nkgD/ ezw ft~u e[Pbsk gqkgs eo bJh ns/ fJ~e
;wkfie ;'gkB ft~u Yb rJ/ fi; Bkb pqkjwD, y~soh ns/ t?P dk gfjbk, d{ik ns/ shik ;EkB fojk. u"Ek
;EkB P{do iK dk; dk fojk i' fszB torK d/ b'eK dh ;/tk eoB/ ;B. fort/d d/ g[oP;{es ft~u fJ~e g[okDh
ejkDh d/ nB[;ko GrtkB pqjwk d/ w[y s'A pqkjwD, G[iktK s'A y~soh, g~NK s'A t?P ns/ g?oK s'A P{do dh
T[sgsh j'Jh.
toD iksh ;w{jK s'A fGzB j? feUAfe toD fjzd{ ;wki d/ ftPkb Gkr jB, id'A fe ikshnK ftfPPN nzso^fttkfje
;w{j jB fiBQK dh ;zfynk jIkoK ft~u j?. toD nfyb^Gkosh ;kXkoD xNe j? id'A fe ikshnK ;EkfBe ;w{j
jB. ftfGzB ikshnK i' e/ob iK sfwbBkv{ ft~u gkJhnK iKdhnK jB, Uj r[ioks ns/ oki;EkB ft~u BjhA
gkJhnK iKdhnK. fJ~e jh G{r'fbe y/so ft~u ofjD tkb/ fJ~e jh iksh d/ w?ApoK ft~u ftnkj eoB/ ;B feUAfe
d{i/ y/soK ft~u ofjD tkb/ b'eK d/ g{ottqsK d/ pko/ ft~u ikDeko BjhA j[zd/ ;B.
nkozG ft~u toDK d/ eko'pko tzPkB[rs BjhA ;B. Bk e/tb eko'pko d/ gfotosB dh S{N ;h, pbfe i/eo
fe;/ ftnesh ft~u Io{oh p[ZXh ns/ r[D ;B sK Uj nkgDh gq;fEsh Bz{ th T[Zgo u[~e ;edk ;h. T[Zu s'A
fBwB iksh dh gd^ntBsh th j[zdh ;h. ;fwqshnK s'A pknd ft~u iksh ns/ eko'pko ;fEo ns/ tzPkB[rs
pDd/ rJ/. ;wkfie ns/ nkofEe feqnktK dk ftGkiB ;wkfie ftXkB dk fJ~e wkDe ns/ Gkr pD frnk.
ftnesh T[Zdw d/ T[d/ Bkb ftnefse ;zgsh dk o;sk yZ[b frnk. fJ; soK iksh ns/ ;zgsh o{gh ;z;EktK
B/ oki dk T[doGkt Io{oh pD fd~sk. nkofEe ns/ okiBhfse ezwK Bz{ g{ok eoB bJh d/P, e[bgsh
ns/ G{^;tkwh gqw~[y ;zdoG ;so pD rJ/. okik oki dk e[bgsh pfDnk ns/ T[;B/ nB/eK nfXekoh ns/
;bkjekoK Bz{ fB:[es ehsk. oki B/ oki;t ns/ j'o eo t;{b eoB/ P[o{ eo fd~s/. toD ftt;Ek Bz{ ;wki
dhnK Io{osK Bz{ g{ok eoB bJh fJ~e bkGekoh ftt;Ek d/ o{g ft~u gq;s[s ehsk frnk.
nB/eK foPhnK B/ nkgDhnK ;zfjsktK ft~u ftfGzB ;w{jK d/ ft~u ;wkfie ;zpzXK ns/ ftnkj T[Zs/ gqshpzX
brkUD d/ wj~st T[Zs/ pb d/ e/ toD ftt;Ek Bz{ em'o pDkUD ft~u wdd ehsh. owkfJD, wjKGkos ns/
ikse eEktK ft~u fbfynk j? fe pqkjwD Bk e/tb toD ftt;Ek d/ nzsors ;otPq/Pm ;B, pbfe UjBK
e'b ;zgsh ns/ ;~sk th ;h. okik B/ nkgD/ ftP/PkfXeko Bkb pqkjwDK Bz{ fgzvK ft~u'A oki;t t;{b eoB
dh S{N iK eo^w[es IwhBK (pqjwkd/t) fd~shnK ;B. id'A pqkjwD nB[dkBrqkjh t/dK d/ nfXn?B ft~u
ftn;s BjhA ;B. UjBK ft~u'A nB/e t?PnK dk ezw eoB/ ;B. j'o eko'pkoK dh soK pqkjwDK B/ th nkgD/
;zx pDkJ/. Uj nkgD/ fj~f;nK d/ bJh MrVd/ th ofjzd/ ;B. pqkjwD Xow^fBog~y BjhA ;B feUAfe UjBK

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