Page 19 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
fJekJh^1L Gkosh ;wki
nKXok gqd/P, sfwbBkv{, e/ob, eoBkNe, pzrkb n;w d/ r?o^fjzdh okiK ft~u fjzdh Bz{ oki GkPk pDkUD BØN
dh dbhb T[Zs/ fs~y/ fto'X gqrN ehs/ rJ/ jB. pbfe d/;h GkPktK dk gfoo~yD ns/ ;ztoXB eoB bJh
pj[s T[sPkj gqdofPs ehsk frnk j?. fJ~e ws sK fJj j? fe d/;h GkPktK d/ T[g:'r Bz{ tXkUD Bkb
“GktBkswe J/eheoB” ns/ “okPNoh ;wJ/eD” fbnKdk ik ;edk j? feUAfe fJ; gfotosB Bkb T[;
nbg^;zfyne T[Zu tor T[Zs/ gqs~y nxks j't/rk i' nzrq/Ih GkPk Bz{ ;zuko dk ;kXB pDk e/ gqPk;B, ftXh,
tgko, T[d:'r ns/ ekBz{B^gqGkth eko'pkoK ft~u ;z;Ekfgs j?. ukj/ gqshfBXh BjhA wzB/ ik ;ed/. fJ; bJh
d/;h GkPktK dk T[g:'r gqPk;B ns/ nk:'iB ft~u nfXe j'Dk ukjhdk j?. T[Zgoh s"o s/ fJj ws
nftPtk;:'r gqshs j[zdk j?, gqzs{ fJ; dh feqnktzfssk Bkb ftfGzB “okPNoh GkPktK” d/ ;woEeK ft~u
T[fus ;zuko j'D ft~u nto'X g?dk j' ;edk j?. fJ; soK dh rbke~N gqsh:'frsk Bkb nzsoGkPkJh Jhoyk
th T[ZGo ;edh j?.
fJ; soK Gkos ft~u GkPk ;zpzXh gfo;fEsh okPNoh ;wJ/eD ns/ ftek; d/ bJh pj[s T[bMh j'Jh ns/
;zeN Goh j?. Gkos ft~u GkPkJh okiK dk fBowkD pj[s nfXe eN[sk ns/ Jhoyk d/ tksktoD ft~u ehsk
frnk ;h. nftGkfis wjkokPNo ft~u j'J/ GkPkJh dzr/ ns/ sfwbBkv{ ft~u fjzdh fto'Xh T[gdqt n~i th
;kvh :kd ft~u skIk jB. Gkos d/ gfjb/ gqXkB wzsoh ;torh itkjo bkb Bfjo{ B/ fJ~e tko ;[Mkn fd~sk
;h fe ;t?^fJ~Sk Bkb T[Zso Gkos d/ b'eK Bz{ fJ~e d~yDh Gkosh GkPk ns/ d~yDh Gkosh b'eK Bz{ fjzdh GkPk
f;~yDh ukjhdh j?.
T[Zso Gkos ft~u (i' fjzdh dk BkfGe j?) ;[szsosk d/ 40 ;kb pknd th ;c/dg'P B"eohnK, eko'pkoK, gqPk;B
ns/ j'o gqGktekoh ;/tktK ft~u nzr/qIh GkPk ikDB tkb/ b'eK Bz{ gfjb fd~sh iKdh j?. nzrq/Ih d/ gsB Bkb
d/;h GkPktK dk T[EkB ;[fBPfus j?. J/eheoB dh Pesh d/ o{g ft~u fJ~e nfyb Gkosh GkPk d/ nGkt d/
ekoD GkPkJh okiK dh ouBK B/ d/P Bz{ ;zehoD y/sohnsk, gqKstkd ns/ ;zehoDsktkd t~b w'V e/ okPNoh
J/eheoB Bz{ \so/ ft~u gk fd~sk j?. Gkos ft~u pj[s j~d s~e iksh, y/so ns/ GkPk dk ;z:'r gkfJnk iKdk
j?. nkw s"o s/ iksh ;zouBK y/soh ns/ GkPkJh ;hwktK d/ nB[o{g j?. T[dkjoD bJh nKXok gqd/P ft~u
pj[s ;kohnK T[g^ikshnK jB, Uj nKXok gqd/P s'A pkjo dhnK pokpo dhnK ikshnK ft~u ftnkj BjhA
eoBhnK jB. Uj fGzB fGzB GkPktK th p'bd/ jB. fJ; soK iksh, y/so ns/ GkPk ftP/P ;hwktK d/ nB[o{g
j?. Gkos ft~u fJ~e fbgh d/ nGkt d/ ekoD nB/eK tko GkPkJh T[gdqt j'J/ jB.
GkPk b'eK d/ ihtB dk fJ~e GktBkswe gfjb{ j?. 1963 d/ okiGkPk ekBz{B d/ nzsors id'A 26 iBtoh,
1965 d/ fdB fjzdh Bz{ okiGkPk x'fPs ehsk frnk sK sfwbBkv{ ft~u dzr/ P[o{ j' rJ/ i' pknd ft~u j'o
r?o^fjzdh GkPh okiK ft~u c?b rJ/. cb;o{g nzrq/Ih Bz{ ;jkfJe okiGkPk d/ o{g ft~u o~fynk frnk, id'A
s~e r?o^fjzdh GkPh b'e nfijk ukj[D. fJ; ;zeN^ekb ft~u fsqGkPh ;{so Bz{ ukb{ ehsk frnk.
;zikshtkd ns/ y/so dh soK GkPk th ;w{fjesk dk fJ~e nkfd nkXko j?. fJ; bJh ;wkfie ihtB d/ ftfGzB
y/soK fit/A ;wkfie ;soheoB, nkofEe ftek;, f;~fynk ns/ okiBhsh ft~u GkPk dh G{fwek UdK jh j?
fit/A ;zikshtkd ns/ y/so dh j?. GkPk fJ~e ;z;feqfse gqxNBk j'D d/ ekoD eJh tko fJ~e Gkt[e gqPB
pD iKdh j?. GkPkJh eN[sk, MrfVnK ns/ dzfrnK d/ ekoD ed/ ed/ okPNoh J/esk ns/ J/ekswesk Bz{ th
ysok g?dk j' iKdk j?. fsqGkPh ;{so nfijhnK ;w~f;nktK Bz{ x~N eoB ns/ okPNoh J/esk ns/ nyzvsk
dhnK skesK Bz{ fdqVQ eoB bJh bkr{ ehsk frnk ;h. GkPk i' ;zuko ns/ frnkB ftqXh dk ;kXB j?, T[;
Bz{ e[M b'eK d/ j~EK ft~u ;~sk dk ;kXB BjhA pDB d/Dk ukjhdk. GkPk s~e gj[zu UjBK ;G b'eK Bz{ gqkgs
j'Dh ukjhdh j? i' T[; Bz{ f;~yDk ukj[zd/ jB.
;t^w[~bKeD
;t^w[~bKeD
;t^w[~bKeD (Self Assessment)
;t^w[~bKeD
;t^w[~bKeD
2H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK d/ ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
2H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK d/ ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
2H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK d/ ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU (State whether the following
2H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK d/ ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
2H fd~s/ rJ/ eEBK d/ ;kjwD/ iK dk fBPkB brkU
statements 'Right' or 'Wrong')-
(i) Gkosh ;z;feqsh dhnK w[~y XkoDktK Xow, eow ns/ iksh ;wkfie ;soheoB jB.
(ii) ;tkwh ftt/ekBzd B/ ;z;feqfse, Xkofwe, ;zs[bB ns/ gqPk;fBe e[Pbsk gqkgs eo e/
Gkos ft~u J/esk fbnkT[D dh e'fPP ehsh.

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