Page 54 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN nkg; ft~u pzXB :[es ofjzd/ ;Bl (5) ukj/ g[oP nkgD/ ihtB ft~u nB/e Xkofwe ;z;ekoK dh g{osh eodk
;h, gqzs{ n"os d/ bJh ftnkj jh fJ~e wkso ;z;eko ;hl (6) n"osK dk e[nkokgD (chastity) ns/ g[oPK
dh tckdkoh T[Zs/ pb fd~sk iKdk ;hl (7) ftnkj gfotko ns/ ;w[dkJ/ d/ gqsh fJ~e ;wkfie eos~t wzfBnk
iKdk ;h ns/ ftneshrs o{uhnK ns/ fJ~SktK dk ftuko x~N ehsk iKdk ;h.

fgSb/ e[M dPeK ft~u fjzd{ ftnkj nB/eK gfotosBK ft~u'A r[Ifonk j?l sK eh fJj j[D th gft~so j? iK fJ;
Bz{ th fJ~e ;wM"sk wzfBnk ikt/. fjzd{ ftnkj ft~u j'J/ wj~stg{oD gfotosB fJj jB fe n~I :[tk tor Xkofwe
ekoiK dh g{osh bJh ftnkj BjhA eod/, pbfe fw~sosk bJh eod/ jB ns/ ftnkj pzXB j[D nN[~N BjhA ofj
rJ/ jB, feUAfe sbke t?XkfBe ns/ ;wkfie wkBsk gqkgs eo u[fenk j?. ftdtkBK dk ws j? fe sbke dh
nB[wsh Bkb ftnkj dh gft~sosk T[Zs/ e'Jh gqGkt BjhA fgnk j?, feUAFfe sbke nzfsw T[gkn d/ o{g ft~u jh
gq:'r ehsk iKdk j? Bk fe g[Boftnkj d/ o{g ft~u. fJ;/ gqeko ukj/ ftXtk ftnkj Bz{ wkBsk gqdkB eo fd~sh
rJh j? gqzs{ nfij/ ftnkj ft;fsqs o{g ft~u gqufbs BjhA jB. nkg;h ftPtk; ns/ ihtB ;kEh d/ gqsh gqshp~Xsk
n~i th ftnkj d/ w{b s~s wzB/ iKd/ jB. id'A s~e ftnkj e/tb :"B ;zs[PNh d/ T[d/P Bkb jh BjhA ehsk iKdk
oj/rk, pbfe ‘Bkb ofjD’ ns/ ‘;zskB gqkgsh’ bJh ehsk ikt/rk, T[d'A s~e ftnkj fjzd{nK bJh Xkofwe gft~so
;z;eko pD e/ oj/rk. ftnkj ft~u ;[szsosk (;kEh d/ u[Bkt dh) ftnkj ft~u ;EkfJ~st Bz{ fdqV pDkUAdh j?,
Bk fe BPN eodh j? ns/ fttkfje fttjko Bz{ P[~X pDkUAdh j?. ekgVhnk B/ th fejk j? fe ftnkj n~i th Xkofwe
;z;eko d/ o{g ft~u ikoh j?, e/tb B/fse ;so T[Zuk T[Zfmnk j?.

3H2
3H2 ftnkj d/ gqeko
ftnkj d/ gqeko
3H2
ftnkj d/ gqeko
ftnkj d/ gqeko
3H2
3H2 ftnkj d/ gqeko (Forms of Marriage)
brGr ;G ;wkiK ft~u ftnkj fJ~e pj[s wj~stg{oD ;z;Ekfeqs ;wkfie pzXB j?. ftnkj nB/e j'o
wj~stg{oD ;zpzXK Bkb i[fVnk j'fJnk j?. ftnkj ;zpzX d/ ftfGzB gqeko jB. fJBK gqekoK dk iB;zfynk
;zouBk, ;zgsh ;zpzXK ns/ j;sKsoD nkfd bJh ftP/P noE j?. ftfGzB ;z;zfeqshnK ft~u ftnkj ns/ :"B
;zpzXK Bkb eJh fB:w ns/ gqshpzX i[V/ j'J/ jB.
ftnkj fJ~e wod ns/ n"os ft~u t?X :"B ;zpzXK s'A fes/ nfXe j?. ftnkj ;wki d[nkok wkDe ns/ ;thfeqs
fwbB j?. Gkos ft~u nkw s"o s/ b'e fJj wzBd/ jB fe ftnkj d' ftneshnK s~e jh ;hfws j?. gqzs{ fJjh
d' gfotkoK d/ ft~u nB[pzX ;Ekfgs eoD dk wkfXnw j?. fJj ;jh j? fe ftnkj d[nkok ;zskB Bz{ t?Xsk
gqdkB ehsh iKdh j?, gqzs{ fJ; s'A fJbktk ;zskB Bz{ ;wkfie gq;fEsh th fd~sh iKdh j?, ns/ fJj ;zgsh
d/ j;sKsoD ns/ T[ZsokfXeko d/ ;zdoG ft~u th wj~stg{oD j?.
ftnkj d/ ftfGzB gqeko jB, fit/A fJ~e ftnkj ns/ pj[^ftnkj. fJ~e ftnkj gqEk ft~u fJ~e wod dk fJ~e
n"os Bkb ftnkj j[zdk j? ns/ fJj ftnkj dk ;kXkoD nkdoP ;o{g j?. pj[^ftnkj gqEk ft~u pj[^gsBh
ns/ pj[^gsh d't/A gqeko d/ ftnkjK dk ;wkt/P j?. pj[^gsBh ftnkj ft~u fJ~e wod d/ Bkb fJ~e s'A nfXe
n"osK dk ftnkj j' ;edk j? ns/ pj[^gsh ftnkj ft~u fJ~e n"os dk fJ~e s'A nfXe g[oPK Bkb ftnkj
j[zdk j?. ;kbh pj[^gsBh gqEk th gkJh iKdh j? fi; d/ nzsors fJ~e g[oP dk ftnkj d' G?DK Bkb j[zdk
j?. fJBK gqekoK s'A fJbktk Gkph ftnkj ns/ ;kbh ftnkj dhnK gqEktK th nkUAdhnK jB. Gkph ftnkj
d/ nzsors fJ~e g[oP dk ftnkj nkgD/ wo/ j'J/ GkJh dh gsBh Bkb j[zdk j? ns/ nfijk T[; d/ nfttkfjs
j'D iK Uj ozvtk j? sK th j' ;edk j?. nfXeso ;wkiK ft~u efBPm Gkph ftnkj Bz{ gqkoEfwesk fd~sh
iKdh j?. fJj gqEk UBK ;wkiK ft~u ft~fdnkwkB j? fi~E/ u'D dhnK e;"NhnK d/ nkXko T[Zs/ fJ; gqPB dk
ftPb/PD ehsk ik ;edk j?. nfXeko wkDe ;zfjsk, fBP/Xskwe o'e, nzso ftnkj ns/ pkjoh^ftnkj
d[nkok u'D y/so g~y ns/ e;"NhnK Bz{ ;wM ;ed/ jB. fJBK fB:wK s'A fJbktk fiBK Bkb ftnkj bJh u'D
y/so ;ze[uB j[zdk j?, iksh dk th nkgD/ w?ApoK T[Zs/ nfXe fB:zsoD j?, feUAfe iks d'Ph w?ApoK Bz{ ;Ik
d/ ;edh j? ns/ pfjPfeqs eo ;edh j?. nkgDh iksh s'A pkjo d/ ftnesh Bz{ ftnkj ;zrh u[DB bJh
;[szsosk gqdkB eoD bJh ftP/P ftnkj nfXfB:w 1872 ft~u gkfos ehsk frnk ;h. fJ; ekBz{B Bz{ nfXe
gqGktekoh pDkUD bJh fJ; Bz{ 1923 ft~u th ;zP'fXs th ehsk frnk ;h. T[; s'A pknd 1938, 1946
ns/ 1949 ft~u ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt d/ y/so Bz{ ft;fsqs eoD d/ T[d/P Bkb ftfGzB nfXfB:w gkfos ehs/
rJ/ ;B. fJBK nfXfB:wK d/ gkfos j'D d/ pkti{d n~i iksh ;w{jK dk d{ik o{g ekfJw j?.

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