Page 55 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

fJekJh^3L ftnkj
fJekJh^3L ftnkj
fJekJh^3L ftnkj
fJekJh^3L ftnkj
fJekJh^3L ftnkj
;[szsosk s'A pknd d/ Gkos ft~u iksh d/ Bt/A nkofEe, GktBkswe ns/ wB'ftfrnkfBe ekoD gqGkth j'D BØN
s'A pknd th iksh dk nzso^fttkfje o{g pfDnk j'fJnk j?. gqzs{ eko'pkoh rshPhbsk, gqt;B, f;~fynk,
n"osK ns/ wodK d'jK bJh dcsoK ns/ ekoykfBnK ft~u fJ~em/ ezw eoD d/ ekoD e[M b'eK ft~u nzsoiksh
ftnkjK Bz{ gq's;kjB fwbdk j?. fjzd{ ftnkj nfXfB:w ft~u tofis ;zpzXK dhnK ;hwktK Bz{ gfoGkfPs ehsk
frnk j?, fJ; ft~u iksh nzso ftnkj ns/ r's d/ pkjo ftnkj d/ fB:wK Bz{ g{oh soK Beko fd~sk frnk
j?. ;wki ;zouBk dk w[~y f;XKs g[oP gzesh ft~u fJ~e o/fye tzPkB[eqw j?. Gkph ftnkj Bz{ ‘Bksk’ iK
‘BKsok’ d/ BK Bkb th ikfDnk iKdk j?. noEks ftXtk g[Bo ftnkj jh fJ; dk nkXko j?. ;kbh ftnkj
ft~u fJ~e g[oP dk ftnkj T[; dh woh j'Jh gsBh dh e[nkoh S'Nh G?D d/ Bkb j[zdk j?. d' gfotkoK ft~u
;wkfie ;zpzXK dh fBozsosk pDkJ/ o~yD bJh ;kbh ftnkj Bz{ gfjb fd~sh iKdh j?. Gkph ftnkj T[Zso
Gkos ft~u w~X ns/ fBwB ikshnK d/ ;w[dktK ft~u gqu~fbs j?, gqzs{ T[Zu ikshnK ft~u fJj tofis j?. e[M
ikshnK fJ; Bz{ ;wkfie fdqPNh Bkb jhD gqEk wzBdhnK jB, ns/ d{ih ikshnK dh gft~sosk dh XkoDk Bz{
nkXko wzB e/ nkgDhnK g[~sohnK ns/ pj{nK Bz{ ftXtk o~yDk jh mhe ;wMdhnK jB. gqzs{ ;kbh ftnkj T[Zu
ikshnK ft~u th ;thfeqs j?, feUAfe fJ; gqEk ft~u ozvtk jh Pkfwb j[zd/ jB Bk fe ftXtktK. fJ; soK
d/ ftnkj ft~u ;kBz{ nkdoPkswe wkBsktK, gqkoEfwesktK, pkXB wkBsktK ns/ fBP/XK dk jw/Pk fXnkB
o~yDk j't/rk.
3H2H1
3H2H1 ftnkj ns/ ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt d/ fB:w ftnkj ns/ ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt d/ fB:w
3H2H1
3H2H1 ftnkj ns/ ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt d/ fB:w
3H2H1 ftnkj ns/ ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt d/ fB:w ftnkj ns/ ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt d/ fB:w
Gkos dh ;wkfie ;zouBk dhnK d' wj~stg{oD ;z;EktK, noEks gfotko ns/ ftnkj, Bz{ ;wMD bJh e/H n?wH
ekgVhnk dk Gkos ft~u ftnkj ns/ gfotko dk nfXn?B fJ~e wj~stg{oD ;o's j?. ekgVhnk d/ nB[;ko
ftnkj ft~u ;zrh d/ u[Bkt d/ gqPB Bz{ fszB fdqPNhe'DK Bkb d/fynk ik ;edk j?, noEks u'D d/ y/so ft~u
u'D dk g~y, gqzs{ ftfGzB ;w[dktK d/ Gok^G?D ;zssh ftueko ftnkjK Bkb i[VhnK gqEktK Bz{ t?X wzfBnk
frnk. T[dkjoD bJh, w[;bwkBK ft~u fgsk d/ GkJh dh bVeh Bkb ftnkj fJ~fSs eoko fd~sk frnk j?.
fJ; d/ Bkb Bkb w[;bwkB nzso^ftnkj d/ fB:wK Bz{ th wzBd/ jB. ;[zBh ns/ Phnk w[;bwkBK ft~u ftnkj
BjhA j[zd/. fJ; s'A fJbktk ;[zBh w[;bwkBK ft~u ;?:d, P/y, w[rb, gmkD nkfd T[g^;w{j th jB ns/ fJj
b'e nkgD/ ;w[dktK ft~u jh ftnkj eod/ jB. ftnkj ;zpzX dj/i ns/ gfotko dh ;wkfie gqfsPmk j'o
wj~stg{oD w[~d/ jB.
n~i th fJjh ftPtk; gkfJnk iKdk j? fe fgsk Bz{ nkgDh g[~soh dk ftnkj id'A Uj S'Nh nt;Ek ft~u
j't/ eo d/Dk ukjhdk j?, feUAfe fJj nt;Ek :"tB^nkozG s'A gfjbK dh j[zdh j?. fJ; ftPtk; d/ ekoD
pkb^ftnkj gft~so ;wfMnk ikD b~rk ns/ fJj pqkjwD ;z;feqsh dk nzr pD frnk. fJ; bJh
:"tB^nkozG g{ot ftnkj Bz{ nfGiks ;woEB ns/ ;wkfie ;~wkB fwbD b~rk. ekgVhnk d/ nB[;ko ;z;eko
f;XKs d/ ekoD th pkb ftnkj Bz{ gq's;kjB fwfbnk. roGXkoD s'A b? e/ w"s s~e wod ns/ n"os dk ;zg{oD
ihtB ;z;ekoK Bkb b~fdnk j'fJnk ofjzdk j?. nfXeso ;z;eko P[~XheoD bJh ehs/ iKd/ jB. ns/ oi;tbk
j'D s'A gfjbK ezfBnk Bz{ gft~so ns/ ftnkj :'r wzBd/ jB. fJ~e ftnkj dk ;wkfie nkdoP th x~N T[wo
ft~u ftnkj bJh T[ZsodkJh j?. nB[b'w ftnkj d/ ekoD th pkb ftnkj Bz{ ;woEB fwfbnk j?. fBwB
ikshnK ft~u oi;tbk g{ot dh gft~sosk dh XkoDk nfXe wIp{s BjhA ojh j?, fco th pkb ftnkj d/
nkdoP Bz{ T[Zu ikshnK s'A ngDkfJnk frnk j?. okik okw w'jB okJ/, JhPto uzdo ft~fdnk;kro ns/
wkbpoh B/ pkb ftnkj Bz{ Bk e/tb yokp d~f;nk j? pbfe fJj ws th gqrN ehsk j? fe fJ; d/ ekoD ftXtk
dh d[odPk j[zdh j?.
n~i ;z;feqfse ns/ ;zouBkswe d'jK ekoDK eoe/ ftnkj dh T[wo tX rJh j?. fJj th wfj;{; ehsk ikD
b~rk j? fe oi;tbk s'A gfjbK ftnkj f;js bJh jkBhekoe j? ns/ fJ; d/ ekoD ftXtkgD dh do th tXdh
j?. f;~fynk ns/ o[Irko bVfenK d/ pokpo jh bVehnK bJh Tg:'rh ;wfMnk ikD b~rk. nB[b'w ns/
fJ; Bkb i[Vh dj/i dh ;w~f;nk d/ ekoD th ftnkj dh T[wo ft~u tkXk j'fJnk j?. bVehnK nkg nkgD/
ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt ft~u nkUD b~rhnK jB. fJ; gqeko fdqPNhe'D ns/ w[~bK ft~u gfotosB ns/ u/sBk
ft~u tkXk w[~y ;z;feqfse ekoDK d/ o{g ft~u, ns/ f;~fynk, eko'pko, gqt;B ns/ dj/i ;zouBkswe ekoDK
d/ o{g ft~u ftnkj dh T[Zu T[wo bJh T[ZsodkJh jB.

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