Page 66 - DSOC201_SOCIAL_STRUCTURE_AND_SOCIAL_CHANGE_PUNJABI

;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
;wkfie ;zouBk ns/ ;wkfie gfotosB
BØN

eh s[;hA ikDd/ j' fjzd{ ns/ w[;bwkB dh soK fJ;kJh th d' ;w{jK ft~u ftGkfis jB e?E'fbe ns/
gq'N/;N/AN.

3H3H7 ihtB^;kEh dk u[Bkt ns/ fttkfje ;z;eko ihtB^;kEh dk u[Bkt ns/ fttkfje ;z;eko
3H3H7 ihtB^;kEh dk u[Bkt ns/ fttkfje ;z;eko ihtB^;kEh dk u[Bkt ns/ fttkfje ;z;eko
3H3H7 ihtB^;kEh dk u[Bkt ns/ fttkfje ;z;eko
3H3H7
3H3H7
fJ;kJh ;wki ft~u fjzd{nK dh soK ihtB^;kEh dk u[Bkt d' soK Bkb j[zdk j?^ p~funK d[nkok nkg ns/ wksk
fgsk d[nkok u[Bkt. gqzs{ 10 ft~u'A 9 gqeoDK ft~u u[Bkt wksk fgsk d[nkok jh j[zdk j?. ihtB^;kEh d/ u[Bkt
ft~u y{B ;zpzXK Bz{ d{o o~fynk iKdk j? ns/ ;wkfie ;fEsh, gfotko dh ;fEsh, f;~fynk, ufo~so ns/
;tk;E T[Zs/ nfXe fXnkB fd~sk iKdk j?. fJ; gqeko ;woessk (consanguinity) ns/ ftnkj ;zpzXh
(affinity) gqshpzXK d/ ;zdoG ft~u fJ;kJh ns/ fjzd{ ftnkj ft~u pj[s x~N nzso gkfJnk iKdk j?. w[;bwkBK
dh soK ftnkj ft~u gfjb tkb/ ftnesh (preferred person) dk u[Bkt BjhA j[zdk.
ihtB ;kEh d/ u[Bkt s'A pknd ;rkJh (betrothal) dh o;w fBGkJh iKdh j?. wksk fgsk nkgDh ;zgsh
gkdoh Bz{ d~; fdzd/ jB fi; Bz{ gkdoh gzuK s~e gj[zukUAdk j?. fJj o;w bVeh d/ xo jh j[zdh j?. bVek
bVeh Bz{ nzr{mh gfjBkUAdK j? ns/ bVeh th ne;o bVe/ Bz{ nzr{mh gfjBkUAdh j?. ;rkJh s'A pknd
d'jK jh g~yK Bz{ e[M o;wK g{ohnK eoBhnK j[zdhnK jBl fit/A froi/ dh ;d~;sk dk gqwkD g~so gq;s[s
eoBk, ufo~so gqwkD g~so d/Dk, ns/ ftnkj dh fBPfus fwsh s'A fszB jcs/ gfjbK uou ft~u ftnkj
bJh gqkoEBk g~so gq;s[s eoBk nkfd. uou dk gkdoh fJ; s'A pknd ftnkj d/ fto[~X fbfys nkg~sh
wzrdk j?. fJ~e fBPfus ntXh ft~u e'Jh th nkg~sh Bk nkUD s/ gkdoh ftnkj dh fwsh fBPfus eo
fdzdk j?. ezfBnk fi; froi/ dh w?Apo j[zdh j? T[;/ ft~u ftnkj ;zgzB j[zdk j?. gkdoh to ns/ ezfBnk
d'jK s'A g[~Sdk j? fe eh Uj fJ~e d{i/ Bz{ gsh gsBh d/ o{g ft~u ;theko eod/ jB ns/ id'A Uj nkgDh
;fjwsh d/ fdzd/ jB sK gkdoh rtkjK d/ ;kjwD/ dzgsh Bz{ fJj x'fPs eoD Bz{ efjzdk j? ns/ ftnkj
;zgzB eodk j?^ “w?A (BK) JhPto dh T[g;fEsh ft~u ns/ gqG{ JhP{ d/ BK s/ s?Bz{ (BK) t?XkfBe
gsh$gsBh ;theko eodk$eodh jK.”
3H3H8 ftP/PsktK ftP/PsktK
3H3H8 ftP/PsktK ftP/PsktK
3H3H8 ftP/PsktK
3H3H8
3H3H8
fJ;kJh fJ~e ftnkj (monogamy) Bz{ nkdoP wzBd/ jB ns/ pj[^ftnkj fBP/fXs j?. 1869 dk Gkosh
fJ;kJh ftnkj nfXfB:w fi; ft~u 1891, 1903, 1911, 1920 ns/ 1928 ft~u ;zP'XB ehsk frnk ;h,
fJ;kJh ftnkj d/ ;G g~yK T[Zs/ gqekP gkUAdk j?, fit/A ftnkj e"D ;zgkfds eo/rk, fe; EK s/ (uou) ;zgzB
j't/rk, fe; ;w/A ;zgzB j't/rk (6 ti/ ;t/o/ s'A 7 ti/ Pkw s~e), ftnkj d/ ;w/A to iK tX{ dh x~N s'A x~N
T[wo eh j't/ ns/ Uj PosK fiBK d/ nzsors ftnkj ;zgzB j[zdk j? (ftnkj d/ ;w/A d'jK g~yK d/ ihfts gq/wh Bkb
BjhA j'D/ ukjhd/).
fJ;kJh ftnkj^ft~S/d Bz{ th wzBd/ jB, ukj/ uou fJ; dh nkfrnk BjhA fdzdk. ;zB 1896 d/ Gkosh
ftnkj^ft~S/d nfXfB:w d/ d[nkok Gkosh fJ;kJhnK Bz{ ftnkj ft~S/d dh ftXkfBe nkfrnk gqkgs j?. fJ;
nfXfB:w ft~u ftnkj^ft~S/d, ftnkj Bz{ nt?X x'fPs eoBk, fBnKfJe nbrkt, ;[o~fynk nkd/P, ns/
ftnkj ;zpzXh nfXeko dh d[pkok ;EkgBk Pkfwb j?.
ftnkj Bz{ fBwBfbfys nkXkoK T[Zs/ nt?X x'fPs ehsk ik ;edk j?^ gsh^gsBh ftueko fBeN dk
oes^;zpzX, gsh Bg[z;e j't/, ;kEh d/ gkrb j'D s/, ns/ gsh d/ d{ih Pkdh eoD s/. gsh d/ eo{o ns/
ftnkfGukoh j'D s/ fBnKfJe nbrkt (judicial separation) th fbnk ik ;edk j?.
fJ;kJhnK ft~u w/jo dj/i dh gqEk BjhA j?. ftXtk ftnkj dh Bk e/tb fJikIs j? pbfe T[; Bz{ gq's;kjB
th fd~sk iKdk j?. nzs ft~u fejk ik ;edk j? fe fJ;kJh ftnkj fjzd{ ftnkj dh soK fJ~e gft~so pzXB
(sacrament) BjhA j?. fJj n"os ns/ wod ftueko fJ~e ;wM"sk j? fi; ft~u :"B ;zpzXK T[Zs/ x~N pb
fd~sk ikdk j?, gqzs{ nkg;h ;fj:'r ns/ ;jkfJsk T[Zs/ nfXe pb fd~sk iKdk j?.

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