Page 227 - DECO401_MICROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZ 9 % ykxrksa ,oa vkxe osQ fl¼kar

gSA (The long-run total cost is the minimum cost at which each level of output can be uksV
produced.)

yhHkkiQkLdh osQ vuqlkj] ^^nh?kZdkyhu oqQy ykxr mRiknu osQ fdlh Lrj dh U;wure oqQy ykxr gS
tcfd lHkh lkèku ifjorZu'khy gksaA** (The long run total cost of production (LTC) is the
least possible cost of producing any given level of output when all inputs are
variable.) —Leibhafasky.
nh?kZdky esa ,d iQeZ oLrqvksa dh ,d fuf'pr ek=kk dk U;wure ykxr ij mRiknu dj ldrh gSA bldk dkj.k
;g gS fd iQeZ osQ ikl i;kZIr le; gksrk gS ftlesa og (i) vkn'kZ vkdkj osQ IykaV dk pquko dj ldrh
gSA (ii) U;wure ykxr lkèku vuqikr (Least Cost Factor Proportion) dk pquko dj ldrh gSA
bldk vfHkizk; ;g gS nh?kZdkyhu oqQy ykxr lnSo
vYdkyhu oqQy ykxr ls de gksxh ;k mlosQ cjkcj gksxhA egÙoiw.kZ voyksdu
ijarq nh?kZdkyhu ykxr vYidkyhu ykxr ls dHkh Hkh mRiknu osQ izR;sd Lrj osQ fy, ykxr oozQ ij
,d ¯cnq gksrk gS tks vYidkyhu U;wure ykxr
vfèkd ugha gksxhA bl rF; dks ge fuEufyf[kr lw=k }kjk
dks izdV djrk gSA nh?kZdkyhu ykxr oozQ ,sls
Li"V dj ldrs gSaμLTC ≤≤ ≤≤ ≤ STCA
lHkh fcanqvksa dk fcanq iFk (Locus) gSA blfy,
bls i<+k tk,xkμnh?kZdkyhu oqQy ykxr (LTC),
nh?kZdkyhu ykxr oozQ vYidkyhu ykxr oozQksa
vYidkyhu oqQy ykxr (STC) ls de (<) ;k blosQ dk fyiQkiQk gSA
cjkcj (=) gksrh gSA

fp=k 9-12

Y
STC 2
STC LTC
1
Total Cost (Rs)

O
X
Q Q
1 2
Output
nh?kZdkyhu oqQy ykxr oozQ mRiknu dh fofHkUu ek=kkvksa ij U;wure ykxrksa (Least Costs) dks izdV djrh
gSA vr,o ;g og oozQ gS tks vYidkyhu oqQy ykxr osQ fdlh ,d fcanq ij mldh Li'khZ; js[kk
(Tangent) gSA bls fp=k 9-12 }kjk Li"V fd;k tk ldrk gSA fp=k 9-12 esa STC rFkk STC nks fofHkUu
1 2
vkdkj osQ IykaVl dh vYidkyhu oqQy ykxr oozQ gSaA nh?kZdkyhu oqQy ykxr (LTC) oozQ fofHkUu
vYidkyhu ykxr oozQksa osQ U;wure fcanqvksa dks feyk dj [khaph tkrh gSA mRiknu dh ,d fuf'pr ek=kk dh
nh?kZdkyhu ykxr U;wure ykxr gS ftldk pquko lHkh miyCèk IykaVksa esa ls fd;k tkrk gSA nh?kZdkyhu oqQy
ykxr oozQ vYidkyhu oqQy ykxr oozQksa dh Li'kZ js[kk (Tangent) gksrk gS blfy, LTC oozQ STC
oozQksa dks <d ysrh gS vFkkZr~ (Envelope) dj ysrh gSA
fp=k 9-13 esa nh?kZdkyhu oqQy ykxr (LTC) oozQ izdV dh xbZ gSA ;g oozQ mYVs S (Inverse S) osQ
vkdkj dh gksrh gSA bl oozQ dh eq[; fo'ks"krk,¡ fuEufyf[kr gSaμ
(i) fp=k 9-13 esa nh?kZdkyhu oqQy ykxr oozQ ewy ¯cnq O ls vkjaHk gksrh gS tcfd vYidkyhu oqQy ykxr
oozQ tSlk fd fp=k 9-12 ls Kkr gksrk gS fd OY v{k osQ fdlh Hkh fcanq ls vkjaHk gksrh gSA bldk

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