Page 23 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ2% jk"Vªh; vk; % jk"Vªh; vk; dh /kj.kk

lkèku ykxr ij 'kq¼ jk"Vªh; mRikn + ewY;ßkl = lkèku ykxr ij ldy jk"Vªh; mRikn uksV
NNP + Depreciation = GNP
FC FC
vFkok
lkèku ykxr ij ldy jk"Vªh; mRikn&ewY;ßkl = lkèku ykxr ij 'kq¼ jk"Vªh; mRiknA

GNP – Depreciation = NNP
FC FC
ewy dher (lkèku ykxr) ij jk"Vªh; vk; rFkk cktkj dher ij jk"Vªh; vk;
(National Income at Basic Price (or Factor Cost) and National Income at Market Price)

jk"Vªh; vk; dh èkkj.kk dk okLrfod vFkZ lkèku ykxr ij jk"Vªh; vk; gSA ¯drq ;fn blesa 'kq¼ vizR;{k dj
(vizR;{k djµvk£Fkd lgk;rk) osQ ewY; dks tksM+ fn;k tk, rks ;g cktkj dher ij jk"Vªh; vk; cu tk,xhA

fuEufyf[kr lehdj.k }kjk bl lacaèk dks O;Dr fd;k tkrk gSµ
lkèku ykxr ij 'kq¼ jk"Vªh; mRikn + 'kq¼ vizR;{k dj (vizR;{k djµvk£Fkd lgk;rk)
= cktkj dher ij 'kq¼ jk"Vªh; mRiknA

vFkok
cktkj dher ij 'kq¼ jk"Vªh; mRikn µ 'kq¼ vizR;{k dj = lkèku ykxr ij 'kq¼ jk"Vªh; mRiknA

jk"Vªh; vk; dks mRiknu fØ;k osQ Lrj ls tksM+k tkrk gS

(National Income is Linked with the Level of Production Activity)
mijksDr O;k[;k ls ;g iw.kZr% Li"V gks tkrk gS fd ,d ns'k dh jk"Vªh; vk; ml ns'k dh mRiknu fØ;k osQ Lrj
ls tqM+h gksrh gSA jk"Vªh; vk; dk mPp Lrj ns'k dh mRiknu fØ;k osQ mPp Lrj dks izdV djrk gS] rFkk bldk
foykseA mRiknu dk vFkZ gS ¶ewY; o`f¼¸ vkSj ewY; o`f¼ dk vFkZ gS ¶vk; dk l`tu¸A ,d vFkZO;oLFkk esa
ewY; o`f¼ osQ dkj.k mRiUu vk; osQ oqQy tksM+ dks gh lkèkkj.kr;k jk"Vªh; vk; dgk tkrk gSA fodflr ns'kksa
esa mRiknu dk Lrj Å¡pk gksrk gS] rnuqlkj mudh jk"Vªh; vk; dk Lrj Hkh Å¡pk gksrk gSA blosQ foijhr]
vYifodflr ns'kksa esa mRiknu dk Lrj fuEu gksrk gS] rnuqlkj mudh jk"Vªh; vk; dk Lrj Hkh fuEu gksrk gSA
vk£Fkd laØe.k (Economic Transition) osQ :i esa fodkl izfØ;k dk ¶vYifodflrrk¸ ls ¶fodflrrk¸
dh vksj c<+us dk fufgrkFkZ gSA jk"Vªh; vk; osQ Lrj esa lrr o`f¼ (Sustained rise) dk gksuk vFkok le; dh
yach vofèk rd vFkZO;oLFkk osQ mRiknu osQ Lrj esa lrr o`f¼ dk ik;k tkukA
,d ns'k dh jk"Vªh; vk; osQ fofHkUu le; lacaèkh vkadM+s mldh lao`f¼ osQ lwpd gksrs gSSaA fofHkUu ns'kksa osQ ,sls
vkadM+ksa dk lewg] vk£Fkd lao`f¼ dh varjkZ"Vªh; rqyuk esa lgk;d gksrk gSA

+ ewY; ßkl dh x.kuk djuk D;ksa egÙoiw.kZ gS\ (Why is it important to compute Depreciation?)
mi;ksx osQ dkj.k LFkk;h iw¡th osQ ewY; esa gksus okyh gkfu dks ewY; ßkl dgrs gSaA bls fLFkj iw¡th dk miHkksx
Hkh dgrs gSaA leLr vFkZO;oLFkk osQ Lrj ij bls pkyw izfrLFkkiu ykxr (Current Replacement Cost) Hkh
dgk tkrk gSA

ewY; ßkl esa fuEufyf[kr rhu izdkj osQ [kpsZ lfEefyr gSaµ
(i) lkekU; VwV&iwQV (Normal Wear and Tear) blls vfHkizk; mu [kpks± ls gS tks fd LFkk;h iw¡th (tSls
e'khukssa) osQ fujarj iz;ksx osQ dkj.k djus iM+rs gSaA

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