Page 25 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ2% jk"Vªh; vk; % jk"Vªh; vk; dh /kj.kk

izkFkfed vkxrsa (Primary Inputs)µbuesa lfEefyr dh tkus okyh lkèku vkxrsa gSaµHkwfe] Je] iw¡th uksV
rFkk m|eA
f}rh;d vkxrsa (Secondary Inputs)µizkFkfed vkxrksa osQ vfrfjDr mRiknu izfØ;k esa iz;ksx dh tkus
okyh vkxrsa tSls] dPpk eky] b±èku bR;kfnA

lkekU; fuoklh (Normal Residents)µ,d ns'k osQ lkekU; fuoklh os yksx gksrs gSa tks lkekU;r% ftl
ns'k esa jgrs gSa mudh vk£Fkd #fp mlh ns'k esa osaQfnzr gksrh gSA
cktkj dher rFkk ewy dher (Market Price and Basic Price)µcktkj dher og dher gksrh gS
ftl ij vafre oLrq,¡ muosQ miHkksDrk osQ }kjk [kjhnh tkrh gSaA ewy dher ml dher dks dgk tkrk
gS ftls mRiknd okLro esa izkIr djrs gSaA ewy dher = cktkj dher µ vizR;{k dj + vk£Fkd lgk;rkA

Lo&ewY;kadu (Self Assessment)

fjDr LFkkuksa dh iw£r djsa (Fill in the blanks) :
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1- ,d ns'k dh jk"Vªh; vk; dk lacaèk osQoy mlh ns'k osQ fuokfl;ksa osQ lkFk gksrk gSA
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2- vk; dk l`tu osQoy ns'k osQ fuokfl;ksa }kjk fd;k tkrk gSA
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3- ,d ns'k osQ lkekU; fuoklh os gksrs gSa ftudh vk£Fkd #fp ml osaQfær gksrh gSA

2-2 jk"Vªh; vk; dk eki (Measurement of National Income)

,d ns'k dh jk"Vªh; vk; vFkok jk"Vªh; mRikn dks rhu fofHkUu Lrjksa ij ekik tkrk gSA (1) mRiknu Lrj
(production Level), (2) vk; vFkok forj.k Lrj (Income or Distribution Level) rFkk (3) O;; Lrj
(Expenditure Level)A ,slk vk; osQ pØh; izokg osQ rhu igyqvksa osQ dkj.k gksrk gS] tSls] oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa
dk mRiknu] mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa osQ Lokfe;ksa esa vk; dk forj.k rFkk vafre oLrqvksa ,oa lsokvksa dh [kjhn ij
fd;k tkus okyk vk; dk [kpZA

vk; osQ pØh; izokg osQ rhu igyqvksa osQ vuq:i jk"Vªh; vk; dks ekius dh rduhd dks lkekU;r% jk"Vªh; vk;
dks ekius dh fofèk;k¡ dgk tkrk gSA tks fd bl izdkj gSaµ
(1) mRikn vFkok ewY; o`f¼ fofèk (Product ro Value Added Method)

(2) vk; fofèk (Income Method)
(3) O;; fofèk (Expenditure Method)

(1) mRikn fofèk vFkok ewY;&o`f¼ fofèk (Product Method or Value Added Method)

mRikn fofèk (Proudct Method)µbls ewY; o`f¼ fofèk] (Value Added Method), vkS|ksfxd mn~xe fofèk
(Industrial Origin Method) vFkok 'kq¼ mRikn fofèk (Net Output Method) Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

bl fofèk osQ vuqlkj] ,d vFkZO;oLFkk esa ,d ys[kk o"kZ esa mRikfnr vafre oLrqvksa rFkk lsokvksa osQ cktkj ewY;
dks tksM+dj jk"Vªh; vk; dk vuqeku yxk;k tkrk gSA tgk¡ rd ,d m|e dk lacaèk gS] og viuh fcØh dks
vafre fcØh ekurk gSA mnkgj.k osQ fy;s] ,d fdlku ,d Vu xsgw¡ dk mRiknu djrk gS vkSj bls 400 #- esa
cktkj esa vkVk fey dks csprk gSA tgk¡ rd fdlku dk lacaèk gS mlosQ fy, xsgw¡ dh fcØh vafre fcØh gS vkSj
og mlosQ cnys esa 400 #- izkIr djrk gSA ¯drq vkVk fey osQ fy, [kjhnk x;k xsgw¡ ,d eè;orhZ oLrq gSA fey
bls eSnk esa ifjo£rr djosQ csdjh okys dks 600 #- esa csp nsrh gSA vkVk fey osQ fy, eSnk ,d vafre mRiknu

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