Page 28 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

lef"V&vFkZ'kkL=k osQ fl¼kar

uksV 800 #- esa csp nhA csdjh okys us 800 #-µ600 #- = 200 #- ewY; o`f¼ dh rFkk McyjksVh 800 #- esa nqdkunkj
dks csp nhA nqdkunkj us McyjksVh dks vkxs miHkksDrkvksa dks 900 #- esa csp fn;kA bl izdkj nqdkunkj }kjk ewY;
o`f¼ 900 #-µ800 #- = 100 #- dh gqbZA vr% oqQy ewY; o`f¼ 400 #- + 200 #- + 200 #- + 100 #- =
900 #- gqbZA ;fn blesa mRiknu osQ izR;sd pj.k esa mRiknu osQ ewY; dks tksM+k tk, rc ;g 400 #- + 600 #-
+ 800 #- + 900 #- = 2]700 #- gksxhA xsgw¡ rFkk eSnk osQ ewY; dh nksgjh fxurh gks tk,xhA bl nksgjh fxurh
ls cpus osQ fy, ewY; o`f¼ fofèk dks viuk;k tkrk gSA
vFkZO;oLFkk dh lHkh mRiknd bdkb;ksa }kjk ewY; o`f¼ dk tksM+ yxkdj GDP dh x.kuk dh tkrh
MP
gS] vr%
(GDP is estimated by adding up Value Addition by all the producing units in the economy. Thus)
MP
GDP = S GVA
MP MP
lkekU;r% vFkZO;oLFkk osQ izkFkfed] f}rh;d rFkk r`rh;d {ks=kksa }kjk dh xbZ ewY; o`f¼ dk ge vyx&vyx
vuqeku yxkrs gSaA ,slk blfy, fd vFkZO;oLFkk osQ laiw.kZ lanHkZ esa bu {ks=kksa dk lkisf{kd egÙo Kkr fd;k tk
losQA
GDP dh x.kuk dj ysus osQ i'pkr~ ge fuEufyf[kr lek;kstu }kjk NNP (jk"Vªh; vk;) Kkr djrs
MP FC
gSaµGDP
MP
–Net Indirect Taxes

= GDP
FC
–Depreciation
=NDP
FC
+Net Factor Income from Abroad

= NNP vFkok National Income
FC
(2) vk; fofèk (Income Method)

vk; fofèk }kjk jk"Vªh; vk; dh x.kuk osQ fy, mRiknu osQ lkèkuksa dks mudh mRiknd lsokvksa osQ cnys izkIr
ikfjJfed vFkok vk; dk oqQy tksM+ fd;k tkrk gSA foLr`r :i esa blesa Je dk ikfjJfed etwnjh osQ :i
esa] Hkwfe dk ikfjJfed yxku osQ :i esa] iw¡th dk ikfjJfed C;kt osQ :i esa rFkk m|eo`fÙk dk ikfjJfed
ykHk osQ :i esa lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA ;fn lkèku vk; dh vyx ls igpku u gks losQ rks fefJr vk;
(vFkkZr~ yxku] C;kt] ykHk rFkk etnwjh dk feJ.k) }kjk jk"Vªh; vk; Kkr dh tkrh gSA ,slk vFkZO;oLFkk osQ
xSj&laxfBr {ks=k (vFkok xSj&fuxe {ks=k) esa gksrk gS tgk¡ mRiknu osQ lkèku Lo;a&Lokeh (Self-owned) gksrs gSaA
budh lsok,¡ cktkj ls fdjk, ij izkIr ugha dh tkrh gSaA vk; fofèk dks oxhZÑr dk;ks± osQ vuqlkj fofèk
(Distributed Share Method) ;k lkèku Hkqxrku fofèk (Factor Payment Method) Hkh dgk tkrk gSA

lkèku vk; osQ la?kVd (Components of Factor Income)

lkèku vk; osQ la?kVd bl izdkj gSaµ
(1) etwnjh rFkk osru ;k deZpkfj;ksa dk ikfjJfed (Wages and Salaries or Compensation of
Employees)µdke ls izkIr vk; dks deZpkfj;ksa dk ikfjJfed Hkh dgk tkrk gSA osaQnzh; lkaf[;dh laxBu
(Central Statistical Organisation) osQ vuqlkj] ¶deZpkfj;ksa osQ ikfjJfed ls vfHkizk; mRikndksa }kjk
fd, x, os lHkh Hkqxrku gSa tks muosQ }kjk vius deZpkfj;ksa dks etwnjh rFkk osru osQ :i esa] udn rFkk

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