Page 29 - DECO402_MACROECONOMIC_THEORY_HINDI

bdkbZµ2% jk"Vªh; vk; % jk"Vªh; vk; dh /kj.kk

fdLe esa vkSj deZpkfj;ksa dh lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstukvksa rFkk futh isU'ku] ikfjokfjd HkÙkk] vkdfLed uksV
chek] thou chek rFkk ,slh vU; ;kstukvksa esa ekfydksa osQ ;ksxnku osQ :i esa vFkok vkjksfir ewY; osQ
:i esa fn, tkrs gSaA¸ (Compensation of Employees means all payments by producers, of wages and
salaries to their emplyoees in cash and in kind and of contribution paid or imputed in respect of
their empolyees to social security schemes and private pension, family allowance, casual insur-
ance, life insurance and similar schemes.–Central Statistical Organisation)A bl izdkj] deZpkfj;ksa
osQ ikfjJfed esa (i) etnwjh rFkk osru] cksul] deh'ku rFkk eg¡xkbZ HkÙkk (ii) fdLe osQ :i esa Hkqxrku dk
vkjksi.k] tSls fu%'kqYd vkokl] onhZ rFkk fpfdRlk lqfoèkk,¡] (iii) lkekftd lqj{kk ;kstukvksa esa ekfydksa dk
;ksxnku rFkk (iv) lsok fuo`Ùk deZpkfj;ksa dh isU'ku vkfn 'kkfey gSaA
(2) fdjk, ls izkIr vk; (Rental Income)µfdjk, ls izkIr vk; og vk; gS tks eq[;r% Hkwfe ;k bekjrksa
osQ LokfeRo ls izkIr gksrh gSA vr% Hkwfe vkSj bekjrksa osQ Lokfe;ksa dks ,d fuf'pr le; vofèk osQ fy, viuh
laifÙk (Property) dh lsokvksa dk mi;ksx djus dk vfèkdkj fdlh nwljs O;fDr dks nsus osQ cnys fdjk, osQ :i
esa vk; izkIr gksrh gSA clksa] VªSDVjksa] e'khuksa vkfn fVdkÅ oLrqvksa osQ mi;ksx dh lqfoèkkvksa dks ,d lqfuf'pr
le; osQ fy, vU; O;fDr;ksa dks fdjk, ij Hkh fn;k tk ldrk gSA bl izdkj izkIr vk; dks fdjk, ls izkIr vk;
le>k tk,xk vFkkZr~ ftu edkuksa esa muosQ Lokeh Lo;a jgrs gSa mudk vkjksfir fdjk;k (imputed Rent) Hkh
fdjk, dh vk; dk ,d Hkkx gksrk gS] vkSj blfy, mls jk"Vªh; vk; esa lfEefyr fd;k tkrk gSA fdjk, ls izkIr
vk; esa jkW;YVh (Royalty) dks Hkh 'kkfey fd;k tkrk gSA jkW;YVh yksxksa dks dkWihjkbV (Copy Right), isVsUV
jkbV (Patent Right) rFkk izkÑfrd lkèkuksa tSls [kkuksa (Mines) osQ jkbV ls izkIr gksrh gSA
(3) C;kt (Interest)µC;kt og vk; gS tks cSad tekvksa rFkk iQeks± dks fn, x, Í.kksa ls izkIr gksrh gSA
mYys[kuh; ckr ;g gS fd ljdkj rFkk miHkksDrkvksa }kjk fn, tkus okys C;kt dks jk"Vªh; vk; esa 'kkfey ugha
fd;k tkrk D;ksafd bUgsa pkyw vk£Fkd mRiknu (Current Economic Production) osQ fy, fd;k x;k Hkqxrku
ugha ekuk tkrkA

(4) ykHk (Profit)µm|eo`fÙk osQ iQyLo:i izkIr gksus okyh vk; dks ykHk dgk tkrk gSA ;gk¡ m|eh ls
vfHkizk; fuxe (Corporation) gSA ,d m|eh ;k fuxe vius laiw.kZ ykHk dks vius fgLlsnkjksa (Shareholders)
esa ugha ck¡VrsA og vius ykHk dk oqQN Hkkx ck¡V nsrs gSaA ykHk osQ bl ck¡Vs x, Hkkx dks ykHkka'k (Dividend)
dgrs gSaA vforfjr ykHk dks dEifu;k¡ fuxe cprksa (Corporate Saving) osQ :i esa vius ikl j[k ysrh gSaA
ykHk dk oqQN Hkkx ljdkj dks fuxe dj (Corporate Profit tax) osQ :i esa pyk tkrk gSA vr% fuxe ykHk
rhu Hkkxksa esa ck¡Vk tkrk gS vFkkZr~ blosQ rhu fuEufyf[kr ?kVd gksrs gSaµ

(i) ykHkka'k (Dividend)µ;g ykHk dk og Hkkx gS tks fgLlsnkjksa esa ck¡Vk tkrk gSA fgLlsnkjksa dks ykHkka'k
osQ :i esa izkIr gksus okyh vk; iQeks± ;k fuxeksa osQ oqQy ykHk dh ek=kk ij fuHkZj djrh gSA osQoy forfjr
ykHk gh ykHkka'k dgykrk gSA
(ii) fuxe cpr (Corporate Saving)µ;g iQeks± dk og vforfjr ykHk gS ftls os vius ikl ¶fuxe
cpr¸ osQ :i esa j[krh gSaA

(iii) fuxe ykHk dj (Corporate Profit Tax)µ;g dj fuxe ;k iQeZ }kjk vius ykHk ij ljdkj dks
fn;k tkrk gSA
(5) fefJr vk; ;k xSj&fuxe {ks=k dh vk; (Mixed Income or Income of Non-Corporate
Sector)µLo&jkstxkj tSls MkWDVjksa] bUthfu;jksa] iqQVdj foozsQrkvksa vkfn dh fefJr vk; ls vfHkizk; Loys[kk
O;fDr;ksa dh oqQy vk; rFkk vfuxfer m|eksa osQ l`ftr ykHk ls gSA (Mixed Income of the self-employed
like that of doctors, engineers, retailers is the total income of own account workers as well as profit

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